study of how humans behave physically and psychologically in relation to particular environments, products, or services. application of psychological and physiological principles to the engineering and design of products, processes, and systems.
Maintaining a ship is a prolonged mechanical process that ensures to keep the vessel in an excellent condition. This PPT will provide the Overview of Types of maintenance and CBM Overview.
The aim of this guide is to furnish Engineers, Technicians, Supervisors and Managers (that are involved in maintenance activities & planning) with a tool which equips them with technical data and information, often required for effective Maintenance works (especially on Valves); with applications in other areas, such as maintenance of: Pipelines, Pumps, Actuators, Wellhead Equipments etc. Sure you’d find this material useful.
Maintaining a ship is a prolonged mechanical process that ensures to keep the vessel in an excellent condition. This PPT will provide the Overview of Types of maintenance and CBM Overview.
The aim of this guide is to furnish Engineers, Technicians, Supervisors and Managers (that are involved in maintenance activities & planning) with a tool which equips them with technical data and information, often required for effective Maintenance works (especially on Valves); with applications in other areas, such as maintenance of: Pipelines, Pumps, Actuators, Wellhead Equipments etc. Sure you’d find this material useful.
The Right Stuff versus The Right (safe) Thing (presented at the 8th IAASS Con...Dr Andy Quinn
Review of the Scaled Composite's SpaceShip2 accident focusing on what should have happened from a systems safety and human factors perspective i.e. the Right (Safe) Thing
Maintenance Methodology & Systems in Manufacturing : Operations ReserchRenzil D'cruz
Project on Maintenance Methodology & Systems in Manufacturing for subject of Operations Research which covers
Functions and Performance Standards:
Failure Situations
RCM
Manufacturing processes
• Casting
• Moulding
• Forming
• Machining
• Joining
• Rapid manufacturing
• Other trades
Ever heard planned maintenance (PM) stops failures? Or Condition Based Maintenance = Vibration analysis? Or should we apply RCM or CBM? This slide share helps explain why the first two of the these part of the story and why the third is like comparing apples and pears
Condition Monitoring – Cost comparison with and without CM – On-load testing and offload testing –Methods and instruments for CM – Temperature sensitive tapes – Pistol thermometers – wear-debris analysis
Maintenance is important in any organization. Without proper maintenance, assets deteriorate over time reducing the quality of your output produced. It can also impact the safety of your asset or your people who operate it. Asset management focuses on assuring your people that parts and processes are optimized to improve asset performance. Reducing inventory, maintenance costs and the number of downtime events raises your productivity, while simultaneously driving financial performance and predictability. It also helps your employees with the right tools to make good decisions about driving your plant performance.
The Right Stuff versus The Right (safe) Thing (presented at the 8th IAASS Con...Dr Andy Quinn
Review of the Scaled Composite's SpaceShip2 accident focusing on what should have happened from a systems safety and human factors perspective i.e. the Right (Safe) Thing
Maintenance Methodology & Systems in Manufacturing : Operations ReserchRenzil D'cruz
Project on Maintenance Methodology & Systems in Manufacturing for subject of Operations Research which covers
Functions and Performance Standards:
Failure Situations
RCM
Manufacturing processes
• Casting
• Moulding
• Forming
• Machining
• Joining
• Rapid manufacturing
• Other trades
Ever heard planned maintenance (PM) stops failures? Or Condition Based Maintenance = Vibration analysis? Or should we apply RCM or CBM? This slide share helps explain why the first two of the these part of the story and why the third is like comparing apples and pears
Condition Monitoring – Cost comparison with and without CM – On-load testing and offload testing –Methods and instruments for CM – Temperature sensitive tapes – Pistol thermometers – wear-debris analysis
Maintenance is important in any organization. Without proper maintenance, assets deteriorate over time reducing the quality of your output produced. It can also impact the safety of your asset or your people who operate it. Asset management focuses on assuring your people that parts and processes are optimized to improve asset performance. Reducing inventory, maintenance costs and the number of downtime events raises your productivity, while simultaneously driving financial performance and predictability. It also helps your employees with the right tools to make good decisions about driving your plant performance.
Human factors - Maintenance and inspectionLahiru Dilshan
Maintenance information should be understandable by the technicians and inspectors. Therefore new manuals, job cards and service bulletins should be tested before distribution.
The goal of this maintenance plan is to maintain campuses within the region that effectively represent the quality of the programs housed in its buildings. Safety, comfort, functionality, efficiency, and aesthetics are the guiding principles
ASCI 615
Aviation/Aerospace Accident
Investigation and Analysis
Data Collection Part II
Overview
• Records Review
• Electronic Evidence
CVR
FDR
ATC data
Weather
Aircraft Records
Crew Records
• Accident Photography
• Witness Interviews
Records Review
• Records are not as glamorous as wreckage, but may
tell a large part of the story. Personnel training and
qualification, aircraft maintenance and modification,
and company policies and procedures all help build a
picture of the operation prior to the accident
• Operations Specialist –
Gather personnel, medical, and training records of aircrew
involved.
Get copies of operating procedures, flying schedules, and
training procedures from the owner/operator.
Records Review (Cont.)
• Maintenance Specialists –
Gather aircraft, engine, appliance, maintenance, servicing, and overhaul
records.
Gather personnel and training records for maintainers involved with the
accident aircraft.
Gather records on maintenance procedures, policies, and training.
Gather the same records for any organization that did outsourced
maintenance.
• Air Traffic Control Specialist –
Gather copies of all ATC voice and radar tapes.
Gather copies of local ATC policies and procedures.
Gather personnel and training records of local ATC personnel if
involvement in the accident is suspected.
Records Review (Cont.)
• Human Factors Specialist –
Gather and analyze crew issues including medical records,
schedule, crew rest, off-duty activities, nutrition, hydration,
etc.
May involve interviews with family members to establish
activities leading up to the aircraft.
Research previous work done on human-machine interface
and ergonomics in the aircraft.
• Weather Specialist – FAA requires special weather
observation to be taken at the time of the accident.
Gather this as well as weather forecast provided to
the aircrew.
Records Review (Cont.)
• Survival Specialist –
Gather information from first responders and rescue
personnel on condition and location of survivors, condition
and location of casualties, and type and severity of injuries.
Gather emergency response procedures and established
plans (E.g., Airport Emergency Plan)
Gather data “CREEP” data (covered in a later module)
Gather information from operator on assigned seat location
for each individual on the aircraft, both crew and
passengers.
Records Analysis
• Personnel records (crew and maintenance) –
Look for the obvious first: medical problems, training deficiencies,
qualification issues, personal problems.
Analyze training received and adequacy of training for the job
Analyze currency of training
Make sure the people involved were trained, qualified, and
current to be doing the job they were doing for both crew and
maintenance
Make sure the people involved were capable of doing wha.
"Capture" in a lambda expression - C++
A lambda expression is an anonymous, inline function. It is used to create a local function, mainly for passing as an argument to a function call or as a return value.
"Capture" makes variables in the local scope available for use in the body of the lambda expression. By default, variables are captured by value. Variables can be captured by the reference as well. Also, there are syntaxes which allow passing all the local variables and objects into the lambda expression.
What is CAD? What is CAE? and What is CAM? Did you hear about those three terms before? If so, what is the dedicated software, and how do they differ?
The first two letters of each word, "CA" stands for "Computer Aided", which means all three systems are created to help the user to achieve their goals with the power of computers.
In complete words, "D" stands for Design, "E" stands for Engineering and "M" stands for Manufacturing.
Even if you feel all these three terms are similar, that is not. Each one has its objectives.
In geometries, this word is used for shapes that lose their characteristics or that are not generated correctly. Degeneracies can arise due to issues in geometry (parametric) or topology. When parametric space is incompatible with the real world of the geometric model, degeneracy is created. Degeneration can happen not only for edges but also for curves, and faces. Degeneracy is not this kind is not harmful in and of itself. These shapes can be used in Boolean operations, and mesh. Degeneracies that happen after a Boolean operation will cause problems and at that time, we need to be aware of its existence.
Degenerate boundary is an incomplete or zero-area loop, or an incomplete or zero-volume shell.
An operator is a symbol designed to operate on data.
They can be a single symbol, di-graphs, tri-graphs or keywords.
Operators can be classified in different ways.
This is similar to function overloading
The basic meaning of the buffer is a memory block of a computer that acts as a temporary placeholder. Buffer is used in different fields and the most common examples are video streaming and RAM. In programming, a software buffer is denoted by a place that keeps data before the process is started. That will be fast rather than data writing in a direct way. People tend to use “buffer” when data is moving around. The reason is that the data will be temporarily placed in a buffer and move to the final destination afterward. When the receiving data rate is different from the processing data rate, buffers are very useful. You will get to know this while video streaming.
Open CASCADE Technology (OCCT) is a C++ library that is designed for the production of domain-specific CAD/CAM applications. The most important feature of this library is it is free. But the applicability and capacity of this library are huge. Many open-source CAD/CAM products are based on this. With the help of a huge community and development team, developers, users, researchers, and commercial product developers can use it for different industrial applications, research, and many more.
The mechanism is an assembly of machine components (Kinematic Links) designed to obtain the desired motion from an available motion while transmitting appropriate forces and moments.
Four bar linkage is a simple planer mechanism which has four bar shaped members. Usually it has one fixed link and three moving links and four pin joints.
This presentation was prepared to present on behalf of judges of IESL to achieve IESL Industrial Training Award 2020.
Here I included a summary of activities and project experience which performed during the training period.
“Araliya Mushrooms” is a business firm situated in Baddegama, Galle which was founded in 2013. The business started on a small scale with only 2 people and now the firm is expanded within 5 years of time. There are 5 people currently working in the firm. “Araliya mushrooms” firm is the largest mushroom production firm in that region. The main target customers of the business are small scale vegetable vendors.
Computational and experimental investigation of aerodynamics of flapping aero...Lahiru Dilshan
Renewal interest on the exploitation of flapping flight motions to attain high propulsion efficiency of air vehicles is inspired by the aerodynamics of birds’ and insects’ flights. The flapping characteristics can be majorly used to develop micro aerial vehicles (MAV) as this is a lucrative method to generate lift and thrust simultaneously. In this project, the variation of the flow properties and the thrust generation of an airfoil in a flapping (plunging) motion, is evaluated using both computational and experimental methods. The NACA 2412 airfoil was selected for the study and, the computational method was carried out using an inviscid flow model and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, simultaneously to obtain and compare the variation of properties.
The inviscid model was developed using conformal mapping and potential flow theories, and it is capable of producing results for any arbitrary aerofoil. Steady-state results were compared and validated in both CFD and inviscid flow modelling as the computational framework along with flow visualisation and force sensing as the experimental framework. The validated CFD and inviscid models have been developed to produce a plunging motion to the aerofoil and obtain the variation of drag and lift coefficients with time. The experimental setup was designed to obtain the forces acting on the airfoil, and the flow characteristics were visually observed using a flow visualization technique. The force calculations were done through a developed and optimized load cell arrangement. The developed smoke flow visualisation technique is capable of successfully capturing streamline patterns, flow separation regions. These results were compared along with wake development between computational and experimental models. The Level of agreement and limitations of each method have been discussed in this report.
Experimental and numerical stress analysis of a rectangular wing structureLahiru Dilshan
Structures of an aircraft can be categorised as primary structural components and secondary structure components. Primary structure components are the components which lead to failure of the aircraft if such component is failed during the flight cycle. Secondary components are load sharing components in an aircraft but will not pave the way to catastrophic failure.
Designing aircraft structures should follow several strategies to assure safety. For that, there are three main methods used in designing and maintenance procedures. First one is the safe flight, which an aircraft component has a lifetime. That component is not used beyond that limit and should replace though it is not failed. The fail-safe method is another one that redundant systems or components are there to ensure there is another way to carry the load or do necessary control. The final one is the damage tolerance which measures the current damages are within acceptable limit and carry out the main functions until the next main maintenance process.
To determine the safety of a structure component load distribution, stress and strain variation, deflection can be used as parameters to make sure that component can withstand maximum allowable load with safety factor. There are several techniques used to get accurate results as numerical methods, Finite Element Method (FEM) and experimental methods. In the design process, those three steps are followed in an orderly manner to ensure the safety of an aircraft.
Experimental and numerical stress analysis of a rectangular wing structureLahiru Dilshan
Structures of an aircraft can be categorised as primary structural components and secondary structure components. Primary structure components are the components which lead to failure of the aircraft if such component is failed during the flight cycle. Secondary components are load sharing components in an aircraft but will not pave the way to catastrophic failure.
Designing aircraft structures should follow several strategies to assure safety. For that, there are three main methods used in designing and maintenance procedures. First one is the safe flight, which an aircraft component has a lifetime. That component is not used beyond that limit and should replace though it is not failed. The fail-safe method is another one that redundant systems or components are there to ensure there is another way to carry the load or do necessary control. The final one is the damage tolerance which measures the current damages are within acceptable limit and carry out the main functions until the next main maintenance process.
To determine the safety of a structure component load distribution, stress and strain variation, deflection can be used as parameters to make sure that component can withstand maximum allowable load with safety factor. There are several techniques used to get accurate results as numerical methods, Finite Element Method (FEM) and experimental methods. In the design process, those three steps are followed in an orderly manner to ensure the safety of an aircraft.
Transient three dimensional cfd modelling of ceilng fanLahiru Dilshan
Ceiling fans are used to get thermal comfort, especially in tropical countries. With the increment of the usage of air conditioners, the emission of CO2 is increased. But ceiling fans are a limited solution, that saves much energy compared to air conditioners. Ceiling fans generate a non-uniform velocity profile, so that, there is a non-uniform thermal environment. That non-uniform environment does not imply lower thermal comfort, that will give enough thermal comfort with low energy cost by air velocity. Hence, there will be difficulties of analysing with simple modelling techniques in that environment. So, to predict the performance of the ceiling fan required more accurate models.
The accurate model of a ceiling fan will generate complex geometry that makes difficulties for the simulation process and requires higher computational power. Because of that, there are several methods used to predict the performance of the ceiling fan using mathematical techniques but that will give an estimated value of properties in the surrounding.
General inclusion: flight crew, passengers, munitions, cargo, scientific instruments or experiments, and other equipment aboard.
General Discipline:
Prevention of accidents and incidents
Protection of aircraft occupants
Passengers are more and more demanding in terms of comfort. Therefore thermal comfort inside the cabin is more important.The state of mind, which expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment- ISO 7730
Displays and controls arrangement of military aircraftLahiru Dilshan
In modern-day military aviation, displays are the most
a reliable method of presenting information to the pilots,
with the increment of more sophisticated controls
given to the pilots.
Considerations of human factors on commercial aircraftLahiru Dilshan
The aviation industry has realized that human error, rather than mechanical failure was the reason most aviation accidents and incidents. Modern aircraft’s flight deck is called a glass cockpit. Because most of the displays are large LCD display or touch panels rather than traditional analog dials and gauges.
Emergency ejection system in military aircraftsLahiru Dilshan
Safety is a major concern in the aircraft industry both in commercial and military services. In the fighter jets, there are several unique mechanisms used other than the commercial airliner. Pilots in the fighter jects can abandon the ship in case of an emergency but the other types of aircraft cannot use that kind of mechanism because the passengers are boarded.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
2. What is human factor?
• study of how humans behave physically and psychologically in relation to
particular environments, products, or services
• application of psychological and physiological principles to the
engineering and design of products, processes, and systems.
• The goal of human factors is to
- reduce human error
- increase productivity
- enhance safety and comfort with a specific focus on the interaction
between the human and the thing of interest
3.
4.
5. Proper and detailed maintenance and inspection
schedules
❖Main schedule
- sub schedules
- Task/job
- sub task
❖Sign by the performer and the supervisor. And also checked by the
chief engineer
❖Gives an detailed check list
6. Stagger maintenance
Causes for any mistake -
• Pressure - due to supervising officer’s actions
• Stress - due to time constraint to prepare the aircraft
• Distractions -due to the communication of unnecessary information
Remedies/solutions –
• rotate the maintenance/working group time to time
• pilots are only supposed to communicate any damages to the aircraft of any incident
which may lead to the endanger the airworthiness of the aircraft.
• Supply of refreshment in time intervals
• Pre-drill the situations – giving information to personnel about handling such kind of
situation.
• Continue supervising of the work
• Pre-arranged medical team on the working site
7. Proper documented maintenance and inspection
manuals
• ATA chapters
- Peculiar military chapters
• ATA92 – Electrical power multiplexing
• ATA93 – Surveillance
• ATA94 – Weapon system
• ATA95 – Crew escape and safety
• ATA96 – Missiles, Drones and Telemetry
• ATA98 – Metrological and Atmospheric research
8. Actions taken To make these manuals
referable and readable
• Simple language is used to describe
• Most often diagrams are used to make an idea
• In separate sections, tool required for the job are mentioned
• Step by step describe the procedure to perform the task
• In the beginning, mentioned the safety requirements should have
before performed the task
• If anything that can’t be describe within a word limit, spate annexes
are attached to the maintenance manuals