The document discusses different types of brain tumors. It divides tumors into primary and metastatic brain tumors. Primary tumors originate within the brain itself and can be cancerous or non-cancerous. Metastatic tumors spread to the brain from other parts of the body and are always cancerous. Some types of non-cancerous primary brain tumors mentioned include meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, and schwannomas. Cancerous primary tumors include gliomas, the most common type. The document provides details on symptoms, treatment methods, and characteristics for several tumor types.

1. Brain Tumor
&
Its Types
By
The Brain And Spine Centre
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2. Introduction
Brain Tumor or Intracranial Neoplasm is an abnormal growth of
tissue in the brain.
This occurs because the normal metabolism of cells stop. Some
cells may not die and new cells will grow.
The Brain Tumors can be mainly divided into two Primary Brain
Tumors and Metastatic Brain Tumor.
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3. Primary Brain Tumor is a tumor that develop from the cells of
brain and its surrounding structures.
This benign tumors can be divided into glial and non glial.
Glial contains cells of neurons and non glial contains glads,
blood vessels etc.
Primary Brain Tumor can be again classified into Cancerous &
Non Cancerous.
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4. Metastatic Brain Tumor is a tumor that begin from other parts of
our body like lungs, prostate and reaches the brain.
These type of Brain Tumors are malignant or it is cancerous.
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5. Types of Non Cancerous
Brain Tumor
✔ Chordomas
✔ Craniopharyngioma
✔ Gangliocytomas
✔ Glomus Jugulare
✔ Meningiomas
✔ Pineocytomas
✔ Pituitary Adenoma
✔ Schwannomas
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6. Chordomas
Chordomas develop from lower part of spine and lower base of
skull.
These tumors grow slowly and is seen in individuals age 50­60.
Main treatment for chordomas is surgery. By this the tumor can
be removed completely or partially.
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7. Craniopharyngioma
Craniopharyngioma are pituitary gland tumor develop from the
embryogenic remnants in pituitary gland.
It is difficult to discover these tumors unless it press or invade
its surrounding structures.
The main symptom of Craniopharyngioma is visual defect.
Other symptoms are headache, lack of growth etc.
The most prefered treatment is microsurgical excision and
transcranial route through craniotomy.
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8. Gangliocytomas & Glomus Jugulare
Gangliomas or Gangliogliomas include neoplastic nerve cells.
These tumors are normally occur in young adults and complete
removal of tumor will completely cure gangliomas.
Glomus Jugulare is the most common type of glomus tumor.
These tumors develop on the top of jugular vein which is under
the skull base.
The surgery for the removal of these tumors are very complex.
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9. Meningiomas
Meningiomas develop in meninges which is a membraine like
structures surrounding spinal cord and brain.
Meningiomas are different types,
✔ Simple convexity meningioma
✔ Complex skull base meningioma &
✔ Intra­ventricular
meningioma
Meningiomas cannot be diagnosed if there are no symptoms.
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10. The symptoms are
✔ Vomiting
✔ Convulsions or seizures
✔ Severe headache
✔ Blurred vision etc
The structures surrounding the tumor like brain, blood vessels,
nerves may get direct pressure from meningiomas.
The best cure for these tumors are complete Micro­surgical
removal of tumor.
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11. Pineocytomas
Pineocytomas are generally occur in the center of the Brain.
These are seen in adults and are non­invasive,
slow­growing
and homogeneous.
It is derived from pineal cells and can be successfully removed.
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12. Pituitary Adenoma
The most common intracranial tumors next to meningiomas,
gliomas and schwannomas are Pituitary Adenoma.
These are seen in children and amoung people in the age
between 30s & 40s.
Adenomas are the most common tumor affecting the pituitary.
Symptoms are,
✔ Nausea or vomiting
✔ Headaches in the forehead area
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13. ✔ Sexual dysfunction and infertility
✔ Muscle weakness etc
Trans Nasal Endoscopic Surgery is one of the best method for
removing the tumor completely.
Advantages are,
✔ Less invasive
✔ Fewer side effects
✔ Faster recovery
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14. Schwannomas
Schwannomas are the most common non­cancerous
tumor seen
in adults.
These develop in nerves and comprised of nerve cells which
provides electrical insulation for nerve cells.
Acoustic neuromas is the common schwannomas tumor.
Even though it is non­cancerous
it may lead to death because of
pressure causing directly to nerves upto the brain.
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15. Symptoms are,
✔ Hearing impairment in one ear.
✔ Tinnitus
✔ Loss of balance or dizziness
✔ Decreased eye closure and facial weakness
The best treatment for this is surgery which is done by high end
microscope under electro­physiologic
monitoring.
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16. Cancerous Tumor ­Gliomas
Gliomas are common cancerous tumor seen in adults.
These are seen 80% of amoung cancerous tumors.
These are different types,
✔ Astrocytomas
✔ Ependymomas
✔ Glioblastoma multiforme
✔ Medulloblastomas
✔ Oligodendrogliomas
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17. Other types of Brain Tumors
Hemangioblastomas : Slow growing tumor, seen commonly in
men and located in cerebellum. Originate from blood vessels and
normally large in size.
Rhabdoid Tumors : It is rare but aggressive and will spread fully
in central nervous system. More commonly seen in kidneys.
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18. Thank You
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