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Brain tumor
- 1.
- 2. A brain tumoris a localized intracranial lesion that occupies space within the skull. Definition
- 3. Broad Classification ▸ Primary ▸Secondary
- 4. According to Tissueof origine 1. Glioma : with in the brain tissue ▸ Astrocytoma – Low to moderate grade Malignancy ▸ Glioblastoma – Highly malignant and invasive ▸ Oligodendroma- Benign ▸ Ependymoma - Benign or Highly Malignant
- 5. 2. Meningioma -Benignor Malignant 3. Acoustic neuroma -Benign or law grade malignancy 4. Pituitary Adenoma -Benign 5. Haemangioblastoma - Rare and benign 6. Primary CNS Lymphoma 7. Metastatic Tumors
- 6. Etiology ▸ No clearfactor ▸ Familial tendency ▸ Immune suppression ▸ Environmental factors ▸ Research studies shows use of cellular phones, hair dyes, head trauma can lead to brain tumors
- 12. Clinical Features ▸ Headache ▸Nausea/Vomiting ▸ Papilledema ▸ Mental Status Changes ▸ Seizures
- 13. Localized Manifestations ▸ FocalWeakness ▸ Sensory disturbances ▸ Language disturbances ▸ Coordination disturbances ▸ Visual disturbances
- 14. Diagnostic Findings ▸ CTScan ▸ MRI ▸ X Ray ▸ EEG ▸ Angiogram ▸ Lumbar puncture ▸ Steriotactic Biopsy ▸ PET Scan ▸ CT Scan
- 15. Surgical management ▸ Craniotomy:surgically creating an opening in to the skull ▸ Burr Hole: Opening the cranium with a drill ▸ Craniectomy: Excision in to the cranium to cut away a bone flap ▸ Cranioplasty: Repair of cranial defect, using artificial materials to replace lost bone
- 16. ▸ Stereotaxis: Ituses computer guided apparatus to precisely target an area of the brain ▸ Shunt procedures: redirecting CSF from one area to another
- 18.
- 19. Chemotherapy ▸ Temozolomide: oral chemotherapeuticagent ▸ Nitrosoureas-: Carmustine, lomustine ▸ Inj Mannitol
- 20. Radiation Therapy ▸ Interstitialradiation ▸ Stereotactic radio surgery ▸ Radiation sensitizing therapy ▸ Intraoperative radiation ▸ Radioactive monoclonal antibodies