Building Biotechnology for a Knowledge-based Bioeconomy
Brain Storming Session
Prioritization of Research for
Development of N-W Himalyan States
12-13 July 2013, GBPUAST Pantnagar
Development of North Western Himalyan statesSKUASTKashmir
The document summarizes a presentation on building biotechnology for a knowledge-based bioeconomy in North-West Himalayan states. It discusses the status and challenges of agriculture in Jammu and Kashmir including shrinking land resources and climate change impacts. It promotes a bioeconomy approach using biotechnology, nanotechnology, and bioinformatics to sustainably manage biological resources and develop new products. It outlines initiatives at SKUAST-Kashmir on cloning goats, identifying genes for cold tolerance in pashmina goats and camels, developing biopesticides and biofertilizers, and more. The presentation aims to prioritize further research on biotechnology applications for the region's development.
Abdul GHAFOOR discusses the potential of plant genetic resources for sustainable agriculture in a changing climate. The document outlines strategies and management approaches. As the global population grows, climate change poses challenges to food security through increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events. Plant genetic resources and crop wild relatives are critical for developing climate-resilient crop varieties but many are threatened or under-conserved. The document calls for integrated approaches utilizing plant genetic resources, community-based management, and international cooperation to address food insecurity exacerbated by climate change.
This document discusses crop genetic resources and genomic resources. It provides background on plant genetic resources, genetic diversity, genetic erosion, and conservation efforts. It then shifts to discussing genomic resources, including sequenced crop plant genomes and genomic tools. Examples of comparative and translational genomics are also presented. The document concludes with a case study on promoter analysis of the PDI gene in wheat and related species.
1) The document discusses the importance of plant genetic resources (PGR) in crop improvement and ensuring global food security. It highlights how PGR were crucial for the Green Revolution and remain important for addressing future challenges like climate change.
2) It provides an overview of the current status of biodiversity and challenges threatening it like population growth, pollution, and climate change. It also summarizes Pakistan's PGR conservation efforts and how they contribute to food security.
3) The document advocates for an integrated approach utilizing PGR, including crop wild relatives in genebanks, to develop climate-resilient varieties through techniques like molecular mapping and genetic engineering. International cooperation on PGR is also emphasized.
Molecular breeding in legumes for resource-poor farmers: Chickpea for Ethiopi...ExternalEvents
Molecular breeding in legumes for resource-poor farmers: Chickpea for Ethiopia and India presentation by "Douglas Cook, University of California Davis, Davis,
United States of America"
Mini core collection – a means to enhance utilization of germplasmICRISAT
1) ICRISAT developed mini core collections containing 1% of accessions from entire germplasm collections for crops like sorghum, pearl millet, chickpea etc. to enhance utilization of plant genetic resources in crop improvement.
2) Evaluation of mini core collections identified new sources of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and accessions with specific agronomic and nutritional traits.
3) Over 280 sets of mini core collections were provided to research institutions in 36 countries who utilized them to identify trait-specific germplasm for breeding programs.
Development of North Western Himalyan statesSKUASTKashmir
The document summarizes a presentation on building biotechnology for a knowledge-based bioeconomy in North-West Himalayan states. It discusses the status and challenges of agriculture in Jammu and Kashmir including shrinking land resources and climate change impacts. It promotes a bioeconomy approach using biotechnology, nanotechnology, and bioinformatics to sustainably manage biological resources and develop new products. It outlines initiatives at SKUAST-Kashmir on cloning goats, identifying genes for cold tolerance in pashmina goats and camels, developing biopesticides and biofertilizers, and more. The presentation aims to prioritize further research on biotechnology applications for the region's development.
Abdul GHAFOOR discusses the potential of plant genetic resources for sustainable agriculture in a changing climate. The document outlines strategies and management approaches. As the global population grows, climate change poses challenges to food security through increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events. Plant genetic resources and crop wild relatives are critical for developing climate-resilient crop varieties but many are threatened or under-conserved. The document calls for integrated approaches utilizing plant genetic resources, community-based management, and international cooperation to address food insecurity exacerbated by climate change.
This document discusses crop genetic resources and genomic resources. It provides background on plant genetic resources, genetic diversity, genetic erosion, and conservation efforts. It then shifts to discussing genomic resources, including sequenced crop plant genomes and genomic tools. Examples of comparative and translational genomics are also presented. The document concludes with a case study on promoter analysis of the PDI gene in wheat and related species.
1) The document discusses the importance of plant genetic resources (PGR) in crop improvement and ensuring global food security. It highlights how PGR were crucial for the Green Revolution and remain important for addressing future challenges like climate change.
2) It provides an overview of the current status of biodiversity and challenges threatening it like population growth, pollution, and climate change. It also summarizes Pakistan's PGR conservation efforts and how they contribute to food security.
3) The document advocates for an integrated approach utilizing PGR, including crop wild relatives in genebanks, to develop climate-resilient varieties through techniques like molecular mapping and genetic engineering. International cooperation on PGR is also emphasized.
Molecular breeding in legumes for resource-poor farmers: Chickpea for Ethiopi...ExternalEvents
Molecular breeding in legumes for resource-poor farmers: Chickpea for Ethiopia and India presentation by "Douglas Cook, University of California Davis, Davis,
United States of America"
Mini core collection – a means to enhance utilization of germplasmICRISAT
1) ICRISAT developed mini core collections containing 1% of accessions from entire germplasm collections for crops like sorghum, pearl millet, chickpea etc. to enhance utilization of plant genetic resources in crop improvement.
2) Evaluation of mini core collections identified new sources of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and accessions with specific agronomic and nutritional traits.
3) Over 280 sets of mini core collections were provided to research institutions in 36 countries who utilized them to identify trait-specific germplasm for breeding programs.
The role of ex situ crop diversity conservation in adaptation to climate changeLuigi Guarino
Keynote delivered on behalf of Cary Fowler at international conference on Food Security and Climate Change in Dry Areas -- 1-4 February 2010 -- Amman, Jordan. Thanks to Colin Khoury for putting this together.
This document summarizes research on advances in plant breeding systems. It discusses how biotechnology tools can help overcome limitations in crop production by improving quantity, quality, and stress tolerance. Molecular markers, marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and new statistical tools are supporting conventional breeding. Other technologies discussed include standardized field sites, high-throughput phenotyping, DH lines, and various analytical techniques. The document also discusses using tools like CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi for genetic engineering to introduce beneficial genes. Specific research on okra and rice breeding is summarized, including studies on tissue culture, induced mutations, and marker-assisted selection.
Pre breeding and crop improvement using cwr and lrAbdul GHAFOOR
This document discusses pre-breeding in field crops using indigenous landraces. It defines landraces as distinct populations that have developed unique characteristics through farmer selection without formal breeding. Pre-breeding is described as using unadapted genetic resources and transferring desired traits to materials more readily used by breeders. Techniques discussed for unlocking the genetic potential of landraces include wide crosses, somatic hybridization, marker-assisted breeding, and introgression libraries. The document outlines how pre-breeding can broaden the genetic base of crops and provide access to novel genes for traits like biotic and abiotic stress tolerance from secondary and tertiary gene pools. Challenges and future prospects of pre-breeding to enhance crop improvement are also
2015. M. S. Swaminathan. Next Generation Genomics and the zero hunger challengeFOODCROPS
This document summarizes a conference on next generation genomics and integrated breeding for crop improvement. It discusses the history and impact of the green revolution, challenges of feeding a growing population, and opportunities provided by new genomic and phenomic technologies to accelerate crop breeding for traits like increased yield, abiotic stress tolerance, and nutritional quality. It highlights examples of successful crop varieties developed through marker-assisted breeding and genetic modification. The document emphasizes the need for integrated approaches that apply genomic data and high-throughput phenotyping within breeding programs to address food security and climate change challenges.
Food Security in the Asia Pacific: Can we have our fuel and eat it too? Presentation by Prof Robert J Henry, Director of the Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation at the University of Queensland
This study evaluated 12 vegetable pigeon pea cultivars across two locations in eastern Kenya to identify high-yielding cultivars under both rain-fed and supplemental irrigation conditions. Growth parameters such as days to flowering, plant height, branch numbers, and pod size were measured. Significant differences were found among cultivars for time to flowering and maturity. Plant growth and pod characteristics were generally enhanced with supplemental irrigation. Positive correlations between pod number and yield indicated pod number can be used as a predictor of yield potential. Several cultivars were identified as high-yielding under rain-fed conditions, and others performed best with supplemental water. The cultivars KAT 60/8, ICEAP 00068, ICEAP
Field crops breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses: achieveme...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
Presentation of Michael Baum, Director Biodiversity & Crop Improvement Program Jodhpur, India
1. The document discusses plant genetic resources and their utilization, covering topics such as the historical perspective on plant genetic resource conservation, importance of plant genetic resources, classification, centers of origin, exploration and collection, evaluation, conservation strategies, and the roles of organizations like NBPGR.
2. It notes that plant genetic resources are critical for agriculture as the backbone for developing new cultivars and stresses. It outlines India's rich diversity as a center of origin for many crops and importance conserving resources.
3. Methods of ex situ conservation like seed banks, plant banks, shoot tip cultures, and DNA banks are described as well as evaluation and the work of groups like NBPGR in India to collect, conserve,
This document summarizes a study comparing the agronomic, economic, and environmental performance of conventional corn-soybean rotations versus more diverse cropping systems in Iowa. It finds that more diverse 3-4 year rotations that include small grains and forages require 88-96% less nitrogen fertilizer and herbicide, reduce fossil fuel use, maintain or improve yields, and better control weeds compared to a basic 2-year corn-soy rotation. More diverse rotations also strengthen the long-term productivity, profitability and environmental quality of agriculture in the region.
This document summarizes research on the mineral micronutrient content of field peas, chickpeas, common beans, and lentils grown in Saskatchewan, Canada. The following key points are made:
1) Pulses grown in Saskatchewan were found to contain significant amounts of important minerals like magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and selenium that contribute to recommended daily intakes.
2) The mineral content varied significantly based on location, year, and cultivar. Location had the strongest effect on mineral levels.
3) Growing pulses in Saskatchewan has the potential to increase micronutrient intake and address mineral deficiencies in diets that commonly consume these crops. Further selection of cultiv
Eco-Farming Addresses Hunger, Poverty and Climate Changex3G9
1) A UN report shows that small-scale farmers can double their food production within 10 years using agroecological farming methods instead of industrial agriculture. Agroecology improves soil quality, uses natural pest control, and diversifies crops.
2) Studies have found agroecological methods increased yields by 79% on average in projects across 57 countries. In Africa yields increased by 116% on average. These methods improve incomes and livelihoods for small-scale farmers while preserving ecosystems.
3) Supporting small-scale farmers' transition to agroecology worldwide is vital for avoiding future food and climate crises, as agroecology addresses hunger, poverty, and climate change in a sustainable way.
Organic grain cropping systems aim to improve soil quality, nutrient cycling, and pest management through practices like crop rotations, cover crops, and integrating livestock. Research shows organic systems can increase soil carbon sequestration, nitrogen fertility, and some ecosystem services compared to conventional no-till systems. Effective weed management in organic systems relies on cultural practices, like competitive crop varieties and cover crops, rather than herbicides. Cover crop mixtures may provide greater benefits than individual species by utilizing resources more completely and suppressing weeds through allelopathy. Further research is still needed to fully understand long-term impacts and ensure organic grain production remains sustainable.
Organic grain cropping systems aim to improve soil quality, nutrient cycling and pest management through practices like crop rotations, cover crops and selecting adapted crop varieties. Research shows organic systems can increase ecosystem services like soil carbon sequestration compared to conventional no-till systems. Cover crops play an important role by suppressing weeds, improving soil fertility and potentially increasing crop yields. Mixtures of cover crop species are particularly beneficial as they make more complete use of soil nutrients and space. Organic systems face challenges like increased weed pressure initially, so cultural practices and competitive crop varieties are important for weed management. More long-term research is still needed to fully understand the sustainability and impacts of organic grain cropping systems.
This document discusses a study on the characterization of linseed genotypes. Some key points:
- 52 linseed genotypes were evaluated for morphological and biochemical traits including days to flowering, plant height, seed yield, fatty acid composition, and oil content.
- Analysis of variance revealed genetic variability among genotypes for all traits. High heritability and genetic advance was observed for traits like seed yield and 1000 seed weight.
- Genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters based on D2 analysis, with the largest cluster containing 19 genotypes. Days to flowering was the greatest contributor to genetic divergence.
- Correlation analysis showed yield had a strong positive association with number of branches per plant. Path analysis identified branches, 1000 seed
Classical and innovative approaches for the improvement ofmithraa thirumalai
This document discusses classical and innovative approaches for improving seed and seedling traits in rice. It describes classical breeding approaches like wide hybridization and backcrossing. It also discusses innovative approaches like marker-assisted breeding and genetic transformation. Several case studies are presented on improving traits like cold tolerance, flooding adaptation, seed shattering and dormancy. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with these traits have been identified and used to develop rice varieties with improved agronomic performance.
B4FA 2012 Ghana: Plant Genetic Resources in Ghana - Lawrence Aboagyeb4fa
Presentation by Lawrence Aboagye, Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Bunso, Ghana
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Accra, Ghana - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
Creating Shared Value for Rice in Latin America and the CaribbeanCIAT
The document summarizes rice research at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) in Latin America and the Caribbean. It notes that rice is a staple crop in the region and demand is growing, but production faces challenges from climate change, high fertilizer prices, and narrow genetic diversity. CIAT's rice program aims to develop eco-efficient rice varieties with higher yields, nutrient content, stress tolerance, and water/fertilizer efficiency to ensure food security through partnerships with other organizations in the region. The program will provide improved rice germplasm, broaden genetic resources, establish evaluation platforms, and transfer technologies to farmers to boost sustainable production.
Enhancing Global Food Resources: CGIAR Strategy and its future Portfolio of P...CGIAR
Presented to the Second International Forum on Global Food Resources, 5-6 October 2016, Hokkaido University.
By Peter Gardiner, CGIAR System Management Office, France
The role of ex situ crop diversity conservation in adaptation to climate changeLuigi Guarino
Keynote delivered on behalf of Cary Fowler at international conference on Food Security and Climate Change in Dry Areas -- 1-4 February 2010 -- Amman, Jordan. Thanks to Colin Khoury for putting this together.
This document summarizes research on advances in plant breeding systems. It discusses how biotechnology tools can help overcome limitations in crop production by improving quantity, quality, and stress tolerance. Molecular markers, marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and new statistical tools are supporting conventional breeding. Other technologies discussed include standardized field sites, high-throughput phenotyping, DH lines, and various analytical techniques. The document also discusses using tools like CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi for genetic engineering to introduce beneficial genes. Specific research on okra and rice breeding is summarized, including studies on tissue culture, induced mutations, and marker-assisted selection.
Pre breeding and crop improvement using cwr and lrAbdul GHAFOOR
This document discusses pre-breeding in field crops using indigenous landraces. It defines landraces as distinct populations that have developed unique characteristics through farmer selection without formal breeding. Pre-breeding is described as using unadapted genetic resources and transferring desired traits to materials more readily used by breeders. Techniques discussed for unlocking the genetic potential of landraces include wide crosses, somatic hybridization, marker-assisted breeding, and introgression libraries. The document outlines how pre-breeding can broaden the genetic base of crops and provide access to novel genes for traits like biotic and abiotic stress tolerance from secondary and tertiary gene pools. Challenges and future prospects of pre-breeding to enhance crop improvement are also
2015. M. S. Swaminathan. Next Generation Genomics and the zero hunger challengeFOODCROPS
This document summarizes a conference on next generation genomics and integrated breeding for crop improvement. It discusses the history and impact of the green revolution, challenges of feeding a growing population, and opportunities provided by new genomic and phenomic technologies to accelerate crop breeding for traits like increased yield, abiotic stress tolerance, and nutritional quality. It highlights examples of successful crop varieties developed through marker-assisted breeding and genetic modification. The document emphasizes the need for integrated approaches that apply genomic data and high-throughput phenotyping within breeding programs to address food security and climate change challenges.
Food Security in the Asia Pacific: Can we have our fuel and eat it too? Presentation by Prof Robert J Henry, Director of the Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation at the University of Queensland
This study evaluated 12 vegetable pigeon pea cultivars across two locations in eastern Kenya to identify high-yielding cultivars under both rain-fed and supplemental irrigation conditions. Growth parameters such as days to flowering, plant height, branch numbers, and pod size were measured. Significant differences were found among cultivars for time to flowering and maturity. Plant growth and pod characteristics were generally enhanced with supplemental irrigation. Positive correlations between pod number and yield indicated pod number can be used as a predictor of yield potential. Several cultivars were identified as high-yielding under rain-fed conditions, and others performed best with supplemental water. The cultivars KAT 60/8, ICEAP 00068, ICEAP
Field crops breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses: achieveme...ICARDA
11-14 February 2019. Jodhpur, India. The 13th International Conference on Dryland Development
Presentation of Michael Baum, Director Biodiversity & Crop Improvement Program Jodhpur, India
1. The document discusses plant genetic resources and their utilization, covering topics such as the historical perspective on plant genetic resource conservation, importance of plant genetic resources, classification, centers of origin, exploration and collection, evaluation, conservation strategies, and the roles of organizations like NBPGR.
2. It notes that plant genetic resources are critical for agriculture as the backbone for developing new cultivars and stresses. It outlines India's rich diversity as a center of origin for many crops and importance conserving resources.
3. Methods of ex situ conservation like seed banks, plant banks, shoot tip cultures, and DNA banks are described as well as evaluation and the work of groups like NBPGR in India to collect, conserve,
This document summarizes a study comparing the agronomic, economic, and environmental performance of conventional corn-soybean rotations versus more diverse cropping systems in Iowa. It finds that more diverse 3-4 year rotations that include small grains and forages require 88-96% less nitrogen fertilizer and herbicide, reduce fossil fuel use, maintain or improve yields, and better control weeds compared to a basic 2-year corn-soy rotation. More diverse rotations also strengthen the long-term productivity, profitability and environmental quality of agriculture in the region.
This document summarizes research on the mineral micronutrient content of field peas, chickpeas, common beans, and lentils grown in Saskatchewan, Canada. The following key points are made:
1) Pulses grown in Saskatchewan were found to contain significant amounts of important minerals like magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and selenium that contribute to recommended daily intakes.
2) The mineral content varied significantly based on location, year, and cultivar. Location had the strongest effect on mineral levels.
3) Growing pulses in Saskatchewan has the potential to increase micronutrient intake and address mineral deficiencies in diets that commonly consume these crops. Further selection of cultiv
Eco-Farming Addresses Hunger, Poverty and Climate Changex3G9
1) A UN report shows that small-scale farmers can double their food production within 10 years using agroecological farming methods instead of industrial agriculture. Agroecology improves soil quality, uses natural pest control, and diversifies crops.
2) Studies have found agroecological methods increased yields by 79% on average in projects across 57 countries. In Africa yields increased by 116% on average. These methods improve incomes and livelihoods for small-scale farmers while preserving ecosystems.
3) Supporting small-scale farmers' transition to agroecology worldwide is vital for avoiding future food and climate crises, as agroecology addresses hunger, poverty, and climate change in a sustainable way.
Organic grain cropping systems aim to improve soil quality, nutrient cycling, and pest management through practices like crop rotations, cover crops, and integrating livestock. Research shows organic systems can increase soil carbon sequestration, nitrogen fertility, and some ecosystem services compared to conventional no-till systems. Effective weed management in organic systems relies on cultural practices, like competitive crop varieties and cover crops, rather than herbicides. Cover crop mixtures may provide greater benefits than individual species by utilizing resources more completely and suppressing weeds through allelopathy. Further research is still needed to fully understand long-term impacts and ensure organic grain production remains sustainable.
Organic grain cropping systems aim to improve soil quality, nutrient cycling and pest management through practices like crop rotations, cover crops and selecting adapted crop varieties. Research shows organic systems can increase ecosystem services like soil carbon sequestration compared to conventional no-till systems. Cover crops play an important role by suppressing weeds, improving soil fertility and potentially increasing crop yields. Mixtures of cover crop species are particularly beneficial as they make more complete use of soil nutrients and space. Organic systems face challenges like increased weed pressure initially, so cultural practices and competitive crop varieties are important for weed management. More long-term research is still needed to fully understand the sustainability and impacts of organic grain cropping systems.
This document discusses a study on the characterization of linseed genotypes. Some key points:
- 52 linseed genotypes were evaluated for morphological and biochemical traits including days to flowering, plant height, seed yield, fatty acid composition, and oil content.
- Analysis of variance revealed genetic variability among genotypes for all traits. High heritability and genetic advance was observed for traits like seed yield and 1000 seed weight.
- Genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters based on D2 analysis, with the largest cluster containing 19 genotypes. Days to flowering was the greatest contributor to genetic divergence.
- Correlation analysis showed yield had a strong positive association with number of branches per plant. Path analysis identified branches, 1000 seed
Classical and innovative approaches for the improvement ofmithraa thirumalai
This document discusses classical and innovative approaches for improving seed and seedling traits in rice. It describes classical breeding approaches like wide hybridization and backcrossing. It also discusses innovative approaches like marker-assisted breeding and genetic transformation. Several case studies are presented on improving traits like cold tolerance, flooding adaptation, seed shattering and dormancy. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with these traits have been identified and used to develop rice varieties with improved agronomic performance.
B4FA 2012 Ghana: Plant Genetic Resources in Ghana - Lawrence Aboagyeb4fa
Presentation by Lawrence Aboagye, Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Bunso, Ghana
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Accra, Ghana - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
Creating Shared Value for Rice in Latin America and the CaribbeanCIAT
The document summarizes rice research at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) in Latin America and the Caribbean. It notes that rice is a staple crop in the region and demand is growing, but production faces challenges from climate change, high fertilizer prices, and narrow genetic diversity. CIAT's rice program aims to develop eco-efficient rice varieties with higher yields, nutrient content, stress tolerance, and water/fertilizer efficiency to ensure food security through partnerships with other organizations in the region. The program will provide improved rice germplasm, broaden genetic resources, establish evaluation platforms, and transfer technologies to farmers to boost sustainable production.
Enhancing Global Food Resources: CGIAR Strategy and its future Portfolio of P...CGIAR
Presented to the Second International Forum on Global Food Resources, 5-6 October 2016, Hokkaido University.
By Peter Gardiner, CGIAR System Management Office, France
Agroecology provides sustainable solutions to pressures facing agriculture. It recognizes agriculture's multifunctional roles and facilitates progress toward equitable and sustainable development goals. Some key benefits of agroecological farming include increased resilience to climate change, improved health and nutrition, conservation of natural resources, economic stability, and social resilience. Studies show that agroecological methods can produce equal or greater yields than conventional methods, especially benefiting small farmers in developing countries. For example, the push-pull system used in Africa has tripled maize yields while reducing pesticide use and improving food security, income, and the environment.
Applications Of Biotechnology For Crop Improvement Prospects And ConstraintsAngela Shin
This document reviews the prospects and constraints of applying biotechnology for crop improvement. It discusses how biotechnology, including genetic engineering and genomics, can help meet increasing global food demand by developing crops with improved traits like disease resistance, drought tolerance, and nutritional quality. While biotechnology has great potential, ensuring biosafety and gaining public acceptance of genetically modified crops remain challenges. The review outlines various biotechnology applications for major crops and how techniques like genetic transformation and marker-assisted breeding can more rapidly introduce novel genes into elite varieties compared to conventional breeding. Overall, biotechnology is poised to play an important role in sustaining food production if its benefits are clearly communicated and technologies are responsibly developed and regulated.
“Pak-Agriculture outlook: Past, Present and Future”Anjum Ali Buttar
Pakistan's agriculture sector faces challenges from water scarcity and climate change. It relies heavily on irrigation but water availability is decreasing due to glacier melt and lower river flows. Climate change is also reducing crop yields and threatening food security. Adaptation measures are needed like new crop varieties, improved irrigation, and water harvesting. Priority research areas include developing climate data, crop modeling, carbon sequestration methods, and assessing climate change impacts on water resources, pests, and crop production. Immediate action and funding for adaptation strategies is critical to minimize the negative impacts of increasing heat, erratic weather, and less irrigation water on Pakistan's agriculture.
Relevance and functionality of semi-natural grasslands in Europe: status quo ...salvere
Semi-natural grasslands (SNG) in Europe provide agricultural, biodiversity, and ecosystem services but their extent and conservation status is uncertain due to inconsistent definitions. SNG can support livestock production through forage production and quality, though output varies depending on plant and livestock species. Lambs grazing different SNG habitats produced meat with varying fatty acid profiles and quality attributes. SNG deliver provisioning, supporting, regulating, and cultural ecosystem services including food, nutrient cycling, climate regulation, and recreation. Their future role will depend on challenges like climate change, food security, and rural land use policies that influence agricultural management and conservation of these multi-functional landscapes.
This document discusses agriculture in Jammu and Kashmir. It provides a SWOT analysis, identifying strengths like diverse crops and cash crops, and challenges like a widening demand-supply gap and climate fragility. It outlines the contribution of different sectors to the economy and the land resources in J&K. It also discusses funding opportunities from various international and national agencies, including their schemes, programs and priority areas. Key points on writing successful grant proposals and scorecard principles for donor agencies are provided.
This document summarizes Peter Carberry's presentation on climate-smart agriculture. Some key points:
- CSA aims to support food security under climate change by implementing flexible, context-specific solutions to changes in rainfall and temperature.
- ICRISAT has developed climate-smart practices like drought-tolerant crop varieties, crop-livestock-tree systems, watershed development for irrigation, conservation agriculture, and using seasonal climate forecasts.
- These practices have helped increase yields, resilience, and incomes of smallholder farmers in India and other countries facing water stress and climate risks. Adoption of short-duration chickpea varieties developed by ICRISAT increased production 5-7 times in Southern India
This document discusses sustainable agriculture. It defines sustainable agriculture as a form of agriculture that fulfills current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. The document outlines the goals of sustainable agriculture as environmental health, economic efficiency, and social/economic equity. It also discusses problems with modern agriculture practices and differences between modern and sustainable agriculture. Finally, it provides dimensions for adapting to and mitigating climate change in agriculture, such as improved seeds/livestock, water use efficiency, pest management, and more.
The document discusses the development and characteristics of modern agriculture in the 20th century and questions whether it should be continued or expanded. It argues that while modern agriculture greatly increased food production, it has stressed natural resources and the environment. The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is presented as an agroecological alternative that uses different management practices to improve yields while reducing inputs, costs, and environmental impacts compared to modern practices. SRI demonstrates that alternatives exist that are more sustainable and productive than continuing along the current technological path of modern agriculture.
Social Entrepreneuship World Bank Brazil.pptDeabak
The document summarizes the work of M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) in promoting sustainable agriculture and rural development in India.
1) MSSRF works on integrating traditional knowledge with modern science to develop sustainable agriculture practices. This includes developing biovillages that promote natural resource conservation, sustainable livelihoods, and job-led economic growth.
2) MSSRF helped transition India's "Green Revolution" to an "Evergreen Revolution" by promoting low-input farming techniques, diversification, organic practices, and value addition to improve incomes and food security.
3) MSSRF develops and promotes various agricultural technologies, eco-enterprises and marketing linkages to reduce
Cultivation of Two Species of Mushroom Found in Anambra State, South Eastern,...ijtsrd
Two species of Mushroom namely Amanita phalaoides and Amanita verosa were studied and they were collected from farmlands in Uke town around Onitsha metropolis in Anambra State, Nigeria. The mushroom samples were cultivated on normal agricultural and refuse dump soils. The young growing mushrooms were watered twice daily and harvested within fourteen 14 days. The harvested mushroom samples were sun dried and kept in pre cleaned bottles for chemical analysis. The dried samples were cut into pieces and pulverized using binatone blender with stainless blade and they were subjected to chemical analysis using standard analytical methods AOAC . The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS versions 16.0. Duncans Range was applied in separating means where differences were observed. The results ranged as follows moisture content MC 81.79 to 97.84 , the highest value was from Amanita Phalaoides. Dry matter DM ranged from 2.63 to 18.36 shows an indication of high roughages contained by mushrooms. Crude protein CP ranged from 8.16 to 24.67 which compared favourably with values of seeds and legumes. Ash contents ranged from 3.26 to 14.33 and they are indications of high mineral elements present in mushroom species. Low values of Lipid fat oil ranged from 1.00 to 6.68 are indications that mushrooms are excellent dietary food for diabetic and coronary heart disease patients. Crude fibre CF ranged from 2.62 to 15.37 . Values of Ethanol soluble sugar ESS , carbohydrate CHO and vitamin C were close showing no significant difference at p 0.05. Values of phytic acid, tannins and hydrocyanic acid ranged from 0.01 to 0.27 mg 100g, these were quite low to give adverse effect. The mean concentrations of nutrients metals mg kg of Na, K, Ca, Mg and Fe ranged from 276.48±0.27 to 826.83±0.04 while trace metals Cu, Co, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cr concentrations mg kg ranged from 0.001±0.01 to 43.18±0.20. Cobalt was most bio accumulated in agric soil while Zn was most bio accumulated in refuse dump soil. Dr. (Mrs) B. C. Ilechukwu | Prof. C. O. B. Okoye ""Cultivation of Two Species of Mushroom Found in Anambra State, South-Eastern, Nigeria and Their Potentials for Bioremediation of Trace Metals Polluted Soil"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22846.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/cell-biology/22846/cultivation-of-two-species-of-mushroom-found-in-anambra-state-south-eastern-nigeria-and-their-potentials-for-bioremediation-of-trace-metals-polluted-soil/dr-mrs-b-c-ilechukwu
This document discusses sustainable agriculture in India. It notes that while India's food grain production has increased fivefold since the Green Revolution, hunger and inefficiencies remain. It then discusses India's status as a major global producer of many foods, as well as ongoing challenges like low yields, water scarcity, and post-harvest losses. The document advocates for policies and practices that conserve natural resources, use new technologies, and link farmers to information to promote more sustainable agricultural development in India.
This document discusses agrobiodiversity and sustainable agriculture. It defines agrobiodiversity as the variety of biological resources used in food and agriculture, including diversity at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. The document outlines how agrobiodiversity supports key functions in agroecosystems and rural livelihoods. It also discusses the threats to agrobiodiversity from increasing population pressure and lists actions that can be taken to promote the conservation and sustainable use of agrobiodiversity.
Dr. A.C. Sandil presented on strategies to enhance crop production and productivity in Himachal Pradesh. There are 4 agro-climatic zones in the state. The strategies included increasing coverage of high yielding varieties, ensuring quality inputs, focusing on rainfed areas, and public-private partnerships. The state aimed for over 4% overall crop growth and 8-10% growth in fruits and vegetables. Inputs were available and the NPK ratio was ideal. Investment in agriculture was 12% of the state plan, and irrigation coverage would increase by 90,000 hectares in 3 years. Crop diversification plans included 50,000 additional hectares of vegetables and 200,000 hectares of fruits. The market reforms act
Natural resource management approaches can help achieve sustainable development goals. These include watershed development projects that implement soil and water conservation techniques, improve water availability, and increase agricultural productivity. Watershed projects in India increased crop yields by 20-66%, benefited over 4.75 million farmers, and generated $353 million in net benefits. Other approaches include crop diversification, vegetable cultivation, fruit tree planting, and biofortification to address malnutrition. Integrating natural resource management, new technologies, and partnerships can significantly contribute to achieving development targets like ending poverty and hunger.
Solutions for Impact in Emerging Markets: The role of biotechnologyICRISAT
To develop and deploy state-of-the-art infrastructure for conduct of transgenic research and to act as a clearinghouse for technology inputs, transgenic research leads/ prototypes with proof of concept derived from Indian research institutes, universities, and other likely sources.Also to evolve the technology to a point where a practical application can be demonstrated, and transfer this “evolved” technology for product development and distribution to appropriate agencies.
The document provides a project brief and achievements update for SKUAST-Kashmir under the IDP-NAHEP program. Key achievements include increasing student placement rates by 10%, faculty research effectiveness by 60%, establishing 11 facilitative units, signing 45 MoUs, adding/upgrading 89 courses, and generating over Rs. 63 crores in annual research grants. The program has also led to greater internationalization, with 56 students completing overseas training, 45 international MoUs signed, and 7 international students enrolled. Reforms have improved systems like HRM, and adoption of NEP-2020. Impact on alumni engagement and equity have also been significant.
This document discusses strategies for making agriculture in Jammu and Kashmir "future ready" through the adoption of new technologies. It notes that agriculture needs to change to keep up with population growth, climate change, and new technologies. The strategies proposed include developing skilled human capital trained in new technologies, establishing centers of excellence for areas like AI and precision agriculture, promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, and implementing proactive policies to support digital agriculture, organized markets, exports, and infrastructure development. The overall goal is to shift Jammu and Kashmir from being importers of agricultural goods to being competitive players in the global agricultural economy.
NISP SKUAST K tailored as SISP - a New policySKUASTKashmir
The document discusses the need for an Innovation and Startup Policy for SKUAST-K. It begins by providing background on national policies that aim to transform universities' roles from job seekers to job creators and from consumer-based to knowledge-based economies. It then outlines SKUAST-K's draft policy, highlighting key features such as creating an innovation pipeline, incentives for students and faculty, IP ownership rights, and performance assessment. The policy aims to develop an ecosystem that nurtures ideas into enterprises and supports the university's vision of becoming an innovation-led institution.
IFAD SKUASTK perspective . The project is now appovedSKUASTKashmir
The document discusses various interventions to improve competitiveness in agriculture and allied sectors in Jammu and Kashmir. It proposes developing fringe communities through clustering, skills training, and formation of farmer producer organizations. It also suggests creating a startup ecosystem through incubation centers, an agri-tech startup park, and vocational training institutes. Further interventions proposed include developing export hubs with quality certification infrastructure, and promoting agri-tourism. The overall goal is to transition J&K from subsistence to sustainable and profitable farming.
International education Fair _21-2-2023.pdfSKUASTKashmir
The document summarizes the opportunities for international students to study at SKUAST-Kashmir and SKUAST-Jammu. It highlights the universities' long history and tradition of education in Jammu and Kashmir dating back thousands of years. It promotes the universities' modern world-class education and research programs in agriculture and related fields. It describes the universities' facilities, collaboration opportunities, and welcoming climate and environment for international students.
Agriculture Roadmap Conference 18-19 July SKICC.pdfSKUASTKashmir
Rethinking Agriculture in J&K aims to transform Jammu and Kashmir's agriculture sector towards a knowledge-based, technology-driven and sustainable agri-economy. It discusses several reforms needed like developing human capital, conserving agricultural land, promoting secondary agriculture and building infrastructure. It emphasizes using smart technologies like precision farming and establishing centers of excellence for research and training. The document also highlights opportunities in high-value crops, medicinal plants, food processing, organic farming and livestock development to make J&K a model bio-economy state and contribute significantly to India's national economy and goals of self-reliance.
The document summarizes a workshop held at SKUAST-K on developing an innovation and startup policy for students and faculty in accordance with the National Innovation and Startup Policy for Higher Education Institutions (NISP-2019). The proposed SKUAST-K policy (SISP-2021) aims to create an ecosystem that supports ideas from conception to commercialization. Key elements of the draft policy include establishing an Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Startup Council, offering academic breaks and credits for student startups, incentivizing faculty innovation through APIs, and providing IP ownership, equity sharing and funding support for innovations developed within the university. The policy aims to promote SKUAST-K as an innovation-led
1) Artificial intelligence can help address challenges in Indian agriculture like food insecurity, environmental degradation, and small land holdings through monitoring crops and livestock, predictive analytics, decision making, and automation.
2) Initiatives in India are promoting the use of AI and digital technologies in agriculture through programs, research centers, and improved access to data and computing resources to boost yields, reduce losses, and improve farmer incomes and sustainability.
3) Examples from SKUAST-Kashmir demonstrate how AI and IoT applications are providing real-time decision support and automation to increase precision, efficiency and production for farmers in India.
Digital Agriculture in J & K 13_08_22.pdfSKUASTKashmir
The document discusses the opportunities and challenges of digital agriculture in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). It outlines key agricultural strengths in J&K including biodiversity, niche crops, and favorable conditions for horticulture. It then discusses agricultural challenges such as climate risks, poor land use, and lack of market linkages. The document proposes a digital agriculture ecosystem for J&K including technologies like IoT, AI, and blockchain to address issues and enable precision agriculture, remote monitoring, and data-driven decision making. Specific initiatives discussed include developing crop advisories, implementing smart irrigation and monitoring systems, and creating centralized digital marketplaces.
International Education Fair Delhi 19-2-2023.pdfSKUASTKashmir
SKUAST-Kashmir welcomes international students to help shape them into global leaders. It has a long history of education and research excellence in agriculture. The university focuses on outcome-based education, translational research, farmer outreach, and innovation/entrepreneurship. It has world-class facilities, 64 postgraduate programs, national and international collaborations, and generates high quality research output. The university addresses region-specific challenges in agriculture through climate-smart, conservation, organic, and commercial approaches. It is developing an innovation and startup ecosystem through various centers and collaborations. SKUAST-Kashmir aims to provide students an enriching educational experience and help celebrate science.
Agriculture Roadmap Conference 18-19 July SKICC.pdfSKUASTKashmir
This document discusses strategies for transforming Jammu and Kashmir's agriculture sector into a knowledge-based, technology-driven, and sustainable agri-economy. It outlines opportunities to make J&K a model bio-economy state and contributor to India's national economy. Key strategies proposed include commercializing and diversifying crops, increasing value addition, building human capital through education and training, conserving agricultural land, promoting secondary agriculture and food processing, developing infrastructure like warehouses and cold storage, adopting smart technologies, developing the vegetable and seed industry, herbal medicines sector, focusing on processing and packaging, and interventions in the livestock and dairy sectors.
The document discusses various interventions to improve competitiveness in agriculture and allied sectors in Jammu and Kashmir. It proposes three main areas of intervention:
1. Developing landless, marginal and fringe communities through community-specific enterprise development and strengthening support services.
2. Creating a startup ecosystem through incubation centers, agri-tech startup parks, and a vocational training institute.
3. Globalizing Jammu and Kashmir's brand by establishing export hubs, strengthening certification processes, and promoting agri-tourism.
This document outlines proposals for supporting agricultural biotechnology in the Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUASTK) through funding from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT). It describes meetings held to formulate projects in areas like societal development, field crops, horticulture, and animal disease diagnosis. If funded, the proposals aim to address challenges to agriculture in Jammu and Kashmir like climate change, reduce chemical use, and improve livelihoods. Specific projects focus on developing biotech solutions for crops like saffron and rice, establishing a School of Biotechnology and disease diagnosis center, and strengthening rural livelihoods through livestock, poultry and flor
This document provides information about Nazir A Ganai's SABRE training at the Department of Genetics and Genomics at Edinburgh University in Scotland from November 17th to December 31st, 2008. It discusses using molecular data like genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) in animal selection and breeding. Specifically, it covers techniques for QTL mapping like single marker analysis in backcross and F2 populations, interval mapping to estimate QTL position and effects, and using molecular data for marker-assisted selection within and across breeds.
The document discusses the current and projected demand for livestock products in Kashmir and strategies for developing backyard poultry. It notes that milk, meat, and egg production would need to increase 2-12 times by 2030 to meet demand. Developing dual purpose backyard poultry could help address this gap. There is significant genetic diversity among local Kashmiri chickens that could be used to select breeds with higher productivity but tolerance to local conditions. Strategies include vaccination, supplemental feeding, and awareness campaigns to promote scientific housing and make backyard poultry economically viable for farmers.
The document discusses livestock husbandry in India, including:
1) India has the largest population of livestock in the world, including cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and poultry. Livestock provide milk, meat, fiber, and more to rural communities.
2) Livestock biodiversity in India is high, with large variations in breed characteristics like milk yield, fiber diameter, and growth rates. Local breeds are important for their disease tolerance and adaptability to local environments.
3) Challenges for the livestock sector include small landholdings and herd sizes for many farmers, as well as the need to greatly increase milk production to meet future demand. Molecular genetics and the use of major genes
The document reports on a whole genome scan that identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with milk fat composition in summer milk. Four significant QTL were detected on chromosomes 14, 15, 26 and 27 that influence levels of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The QTL on chromosome 14 had the largest effect, influencing most fatty acid traits. Comparison to a previous study of winter milk composition found some consistent QTL on chromosomes 14 and 26, but many differences in QTL between the two seasons, likely due to environmental and design effects. The results provide opportunities for marker-assisted selection to genetically modify milk fat composition.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
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Brain storming skuas tk
1. Brain Storming Session
Prioritization of Research for
Development of N-W Himalyan States
12-13 July 2013, GBPUAST Pantnagar
Dr Nazir A Ganai
Head, Division of Biotechnology
SKUAST-Kashmir
3. Contents:
A SWOT analysis of agriculture in J & K
Status of agriculture in J & K
Challenges and Opportunities facing agriculture
Bioeconomy- the way forward?
What is it?
Why Bioeconomy ?
Global trends
Our Initiatives in Biotech applications
Recommendations
5. Land Resource in J & K ( Ha)
G-2,65,000
E-74,000 D- 1,05,000
C-2,11,300
B- 2,91,000
A - 6,58,000
F- 7,52,000
A Forest
B Non-Agricultural Land
C Barren & Uncultivable Land
D Permanent Pastures & Other Grazing Land
E Fallow Land Including Current Fallows
F Net Area Sown (31% of the land use area) or 7 % of total Geographic area
G Area under Fruit Crops
9. Agribase economy in J & K
the economy - bio-mass based.
Subsistence requirements of the people for:
food grains,
firewood,
fodder,
timber for housing,
milk, meat, fibre and
medicines are derived from the plant and animal
resources available in the state.
10. Inputs for industrial and commercial sectors -
obtained from the bio-mass produce of the state.
Export of fresh and dry fruits,
the famous saffron and honey,
timber, resin, medicinal items,
the basmati of Jammu region
Famous handicrafts:
Pashmina shawls, carpets etc
artefacts carved from walnut
Tourism industry: tourists are attracted largely by the
scenic natural beauty of the state with its lofty lush green
mountain ranges, towering snow-clad peaks, placid
sparking lakes, bubbling streams and springs.
Agribase economy in J & K
11. Our strengths and opportunities
Vast area: 2.22 lac sq kms (67% of N-W Himalya)
Diverse and varied agro-climatic zones
Cold arid ladakh region
Temperate Kashmir region
Sub-tropical jammu region
Rich Biodiversity
Ethnic diversity
Flora : 3,054 species.
Domestic & Wild life: 16% of india
Rich Medicinal & Aromatic plants
12. Strengths ……..
Unique Cash crops
Kashmir:
Saffron – monopoly in india
Apple: 77% production in country
Walnuts: monopoly
Spices: Kashmiri mirchi, kala zeera,
Floriculture
Jammu:
Basmiti- Quality
Rajmash
Black caraway (Zeera)
Ladakh
Pashmina fibre
Apricot
Herbs related amchi system of medicine
14. Effect of herbal extracts on the cell
proliferation in Prostate cancer
cell line, C4-2 cells
Preserving and enhancing the indigenous plant knowledge is actually rescuing a global heritage
and is a recognized tool in search for new drugs and pharmaceutical sources, (Lambert et al.,
1997)
Nearly 50 per cent of the plant species described in British
pharmacopoeia are reported to grow in Kashmir valley
• Till date more than 5000 aromatic/medical plants have been discovered in
Jammu and Kashmir.
• Scientific observations reveal that the state could become the superpower in
future for the herbal medicines and perfumes if the huge resources are
exploited properly and effectively
16. Challenges facing agriculture
Widening demand and supply gaps:
40% import of food grains - 8 lac tones ( ~ Rs 9 billion)
20% vegetables - 1 lac tonnes (~ Rs 1 billion)
60% meat (sheep and goat) (~ Rs 3 billion)
Increasing population pressure from highest growth
rates in the country (2.7 % vs 1.6%). ,
Shrinking land resources due to population expansion,
urbanisation and soil degradation, indiscriminate &
unplanned growth of housing sector
Fragile Climate: Extreme winters, long dry spells,
Rain fed agriculture due to peculiar topography
Receding glaciers due to global warming further
aggravate the problems inherent to the rain fed agriculture
J & K,
17. ----challanges
deforestation, loss of biodiversity and qualitative
deterioration of the pastures
indiscriminate use of chemical fertilisers and
pesticides contaminating food, soil and water beyond
minimum permissible levels.
over exploitation of natural resource base and
environmental quality decline,
global warming and climate change leading to
emergence of new biotic and abiotic stresses
stagnation in productivity of agricultural crops
Subsistence agriculture ( less renumerative)
18. Vanishing “Venice of Asia” , Dal Lake disappearing
(National Geographic News, June 9, 2010)
Deweeding of Dal Lake costs millions of rupees to Kashmir b
In 20th Century “Dal Lake” represented a goldmine of Tourism in Kashmir
19. Biotechnology has a solution for ‘dying Dal Lake’
Grass Carp, a
voracious grass eater
fish, when genetically
modified in china ,
resulted in 42%
increase in growth
rate and 16%
increase in grass
consumption
Transgenic carp
Chinese Science Bulletin 2003 Vol.
48 No.16 1764 1770
21. PM Dr. Manmohan Singh at G. B. Pant University of
Agriculture and Technology on June 19, 2010,
said…
“ policymakers and scientists need to put their
heads together for developing sustainable
technologies that can produce more from less in
the background of the new challenges of global
warming and climate change…”
22. The bioeconomy : the way forward
the sustainable production of renewable biomass
which includes any biological material to be used as
raw material and
conversion of biomass into a range of food, health,
fibre and industrial products and energy
can play an important role in both creating economic
growth, and in formulating effective responses to
pressing challenges- food /nutritional security, clean
environment and human health
23. Way forward - KBBE
Convergence of Biotechnology , nanotchnology
and bioinformatics
provides the knowledge-base for the sustainable management,
production and use of biological resources…
provides new, safe, affordable and eco-efficient products …
Through
Shift in practice from a sectoral approach to our problems
towards a more integrated approach of the KBBE.
Knowledge and innovation in bilogical sciences
24. Biomass
feedstock
Animal and plant
therapeutics
and diagnostics Nutraceuticals
and
pharmaceutical
production
Fine chemical
production
Research on
genomes, cell
processes, and
bioinformatics
Health:
new therapies
and diagnostics
Industry:
enzymes, biofuels,
and bioplastics
Primary production:
food, feed, fibre,
and cellulosic crops
Integration across Biotechnology Applications
25.
26. Our Initiatives and Successes in
Biotech Applications
-- fragmented nd isolated attempts
27. Biotechnological Interventions for
Improving Reproductive Performance
• Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) in Goats & Sheep
• Simplified/Modified zona-free Cloning Technique
“First Cloned Pashmina Goat “NOORI” born at Division of
Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, through this Technique”.
“Noorie” with her foster dam
•
“Noorie” at 1 year of Age
•
28. Enucleated Eggs
Reconstructed embryos
cultured in lab for 7 days
Blastocyst
Clones
Goat ovaries
Donor cell culture
Somatic cell donor
Oocyte –somatic cell fusion
Foster mother
PRODUCTION OF CLONED PASHMINA GOAT AT SKUAST KASHMIR
Incubation (38.5 C)
Cloning. Laboratory, Centre of Animal Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Srinagar
29. Awards & Achievements
PI of the Project receiving cerificate of
appreciation from DG, ICAR and
Minister for Agriculture, J&K
J&K Tableau on Republic Day 2013 depicting
Centre of Biotechnology, SKUAST Kashmir and its
research achievements
PI being awarded by the Chief
Minister Omer Abdullah
30. Bioprospecting of genes for cold
tolerance
Pashmina Goat Bactrian Camel
Abiotic Stress Factor : Cold Stress
31. Heatmap analysis of differentially
expressed genes in pashmina
goat under Cold vs Hot
conditions in Blood and Skin
Important candidate genes identified
1. ADRB: Adrenoegic receptor binding
2. CIRBP: cold induced RNA binding
3. RBM3: RNA binding motif
4. UCP1 : Uncoupling protein
5. HIF-1 Hypoxia inducible Factor
6. GAS7 : Growth arrest specific
7. IGF1: Insulin like growth factor
8. LSP lympocyte specific protein
9. PAM: Neurotransmitter
10.HSP105
11.HSP47
12.HSP70-1
32. Figure 2: Ven diagram representing the number of transcripts in skin samples of pashmina goats
whose changes in expression during different seasons.
33.
34. Camel Genome Information Resource
A second database on complete
transcriptome of ~ 21000 transcripts is
under development.
35. Other Important Achievements
• Vaccine against foot rot in sheep
and goat
Increased Fecundity in Sheep
M A Introgression of FecB gene
Lambing percentage increase from
80% to 150
36. Apple industry-
India : 7th largest producer of apple
Kashmir: 70% to apple production
At a cost of : 7000 Tons of fungicides annually
Concerns: Impacts Human Health & Environment,
future marketing oppurtunities
Challenge:
Breed for disease resistance
Develop Bio control agents for disease management
State Area
(000 HA)
Production
(ooo MT)
Productivity
(MT/HA)
J & K 133 1330 10
HP 97 510 5
Uttranchal 32 132 4
37. Biopesticides developed in SKUAST-K:
Biowilt- X (Trichoderma harzianum) Biocomp-X (Pseudomonas fluorescens)
USA Patent No: (No. US 7, 815, 903 B2; Date of Grant 19-10-2010) and
India Patent No: (239609; Date of Grant 26-03-2010).
38. Biofertilizers for organic agriculture
1. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria
Makes available 30 kg of phosphorus
to the crops per hectare per year.
Improves crop growth by secretion of
growth regulators.
Seed treatment : Mix 250 ml with
the seed needed for one acre and dry
for 20 minutes under shade before
2. Shalimar Microbes:
• Consortium of different microbes
like phosphate solubilizing bacteria,
actinomycete, Lactobacillus.
• Use: solid waste decomposition and
also acts as a biofertilizer.
39. SHALIMAR BIOFERTILIZER
(Azotobacter)
Fixes 20-40 kg nitrogen from atmosphere per
hectare per year.
Increases yield by 10 – 25%.
Improves crop growth by secretion of growth
regulators and vitamins.
Protects crops against some soil borne
pathogens.
Seed treatment: : 250ml/acre
Seedling root dipping : 1000ml/acre
Field application :
400ml/acre (Mix the biofertilizer with the soil
before sowing
Suitable for crops : Wheat,
oat, barley, Mustard, seasum, Linseeds,
Sunflower, castor, Pearl millets, Finger millets,
and floriculture plants etc.
40. SHALIMAR BIOFERTILIZER
(Rhizobium phaseoli)
Features:
Fixes 100 to 300 kg nitrogen per hectare
in one crop season.
Increases yield by 10-35%.
Improves crop growth by secretion of
growth regulators.
Protects crops against some soil borne
pathogens.
Seed treatment : 250ml/acre
Field application : 400ml/acre (Mix
the biofertilizer with the soil before
sowing).
Suitable for crops Rajmash
41. E-learning portal
www.starelearning.org
MIS developed for:
1. FARMMAN 1.00 Management
of Cattle and buffalo breeding
research data
2. SheepMan 1.00: Online tool
for management of sheep
research data across farms
3. SoftMate: Tool for planning
breeding programs to avoid the
inbreeding depression
42. New Initiative:
Dairy Development – Challenge of 21st Century
Demand- High
Nutritional security to 1.6 billion people by 2030
Rising purchase power
Improving health conciousnes
Support to Dairy Industry
Challenge for 2030
4 fold growth: 127 million tones to 550 million tones by
(300 ml to 1000 ml person / day
5 fold growth: 14 lac tons to 74 lac tones
Constraint
Acute dearth of proven germplasm
Feed and Fodder availability
Health cover
44. Approach…..
e-registration of farmers cows for :
delivery of services and collection of feed back data
Widening of the genetic base from few hundred farm-bred cattle
to 7 lac breedable cows of farmers through e-linking for planning
long-term research programs for sustainable dairying
Data Warehousing to support data analysis and decision-
making tasks through use of ICT.
Production of tested high performance breeding bulls
through:
Open Nucleus Breeding Scheme t
E T T for fast multiplication of elite cows
GWAS for Evaluation of breeding value
45. Recommendations
Strengthening of the capacity (infrastructure and human
resource) in J & K to get ready for the technology driven bio-
revolution
Special program for Networking of the institutes in the
three states on N-E pattern for:
Knowledge and Resource sharing
Faculty exchange & Student exchange
Documentation and characterization of our bioresources
Common e-resource of our biodiversity – validated and
authentic
Bioprospecting of our resources for
commercially valuable genetic and biochemical resources.
Genes for biotic and abiotic stress tolerence
46. Recommendation………
Collaborative inter-institutional research
programs
MAS for accelerated improvement in field / horticulture
crops / animals / fish
MA S approach for breeding resistance in plants and
animals
Mitigating Climate change and ensuring healthy foods:
Development of biocontrol agents for management of
diseases and pests
Development of the biofertilisers for organic agriculture