The document discusses livestock husbandry in India, including:
1) India has the largest population of livestock in the world, including cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and poultry. Livestock provide milk, meat, fiber, and more to rural communities.
2) Livestock biodiversity in India is high, with large variations in breed characteristics like milk yield, fiber diameter, and growth rates. Local breeds are important for their disease tolerance and adaptability to local environments.
3) Challenges for the livestock sector include small landholdings and herd sizes for many farmers, as well as the need to greatly increase milk production to meet future demand. Molecular genetics and the use of major genes
Assessment of economic impact of priority animal disease (PPR, HS and Brucell...ILRI
Presented by Gurrappa Naidu Govindaraj, ICAR-NIVEDI, Karnataka, India; Dwaipayan Bardhan, ICAR-IVRI, Bareilly, India; Sirak Bahta and Karl Rich, ILRI, Bareilly, India, 8-10 January 2020
Application of nuclear and genomic technologies for improving livestock produ...ILRI
Presented by Raphael Mrode at the IAEA International Symposium on Sustainable Animal Production and Health—Current Status and Way Forward, Vienna, 28 June-2 July 2021
BREEDING PRACTICES OF BANGLADESHI COASTAL SHEEPMohsin Sarder
BREEDING PRACTICES OF BANGLADESHI COASTAL SHEEP-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
ISSN: 2309-7892, Volume: 4, Issue: 4, Page: 324-327, July-September 2016
Marker-Assisted Introgression of opaque2 and crtRB1 for Enhancement of Amino Acids and Provitamin-A in Sweet Corn.Marker-Assisted Introgression of opaque2 and crtRB1 for Enhancement of Amino Acids and Provitamin-A in Sweet Corn
Assessment of economic impact of priority animal disease (PPR, HS and Brucell...ILRI
Presented by Gurrappa Naidu Govindaraj, ICAR-NIVEDI, Karnataka, India; Dwaipayan Bardhan, ICAR-IVRI, Bareilly, India; Sirak Bahta and Karl Rich, ILRI, Bareilly, India, 8-10 January 2020
Application of nuclear and genomic technologies for improving livestock produ...ILRI
Presented by Raphael Mrode at the IAEA International Symposium on Sustainable Animal Production and Health—Current Status and Way Forward, Vienna, 28 June-2 July 2021
BREEDING PRACTICES OF BANGLADESHI COASTAL SHEEPMohsin Sarder
BREEDING PRACTICES OF BANGLADESHI COASTAL SHEEP-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
ISSN: 2309-7892, Volume: 4, Issue: 4, Page: 324-327, July-September 2016
Marker-Assisted Introgression of opaque2 and crtRB1 for Enhancement of Amino Acids and Provitamin-A in Sweet Corn.Marker-Assisted Introgression of opaque2 and crtRB1 for Enhancement of Amino Acids and Provitamin-A in Sweet Corn
Recent Milestones Achieved in Rice Genomes: Hurdles and Future Strategies by ...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
Rice is an important crop among the other cereals and considered as the model crop for function genomic studies. The rice genome size is very small 389m. The simplicity protocol of genetic transformation, physical and molecular map also developed. The recent advancement in genome sequencing and genome editing technologies has enabled us to demonstrate the potential and function of various genes for rice improvement. This spotlight presents the comprehensive overview the modern tools and resources for advance in rice genome to develop elite rice genotype which have potential tolerance against multi stresses. However, we argue the next step of rice functional genome improvement, draft genome refinement and resequencing of rice broad diversity panel genome with highly efficient technology and multidisciplinary integrated approaches to inferring gene function and future rice improvement program.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/fulltext/MCDA.000564.php
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on journal of agronomy and crop science please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
Importance of livestock and the technological and policy challenges facing th...ILRI
Presented by Michael Blϋmmel, Phil Toye, Okeyo Mwai, Ian Wright, Tom Randolph and Steve Staal at the Global feed and food congress, Sun City, South Africa, 10-12 April 2013
Riceplus Magazine s in rice and allied sectors,
Promote the Concept of Knowledge Economy
Dear Sir/Madam,
YOUR IDEA has a great worth---JUST share it through
RICE PLUS
5000+ stakeholders of rice industry read and apply various ideas and analysis written by the authors. Be the part of Rice plus authors
You can participate as:
1. Producing good piece of write up
2. Giving your product ad in Rice plus
3. Referring your friends to Rice plus
4. Promoting to new readers and writers
5. Making Rice plus you media manager
6. Subscribe Rice plus for your organization
Regards
Livestock marketing and supply chain management of livestock products ILRI
Presented by Steven J. Staal as a keynote address at the 74th Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, Maharashtra, India, 18-20 December 2014
Presentation by Dr Rajendra Paroda, Executive Secretary, Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI), at the 2012 Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) in Rio de Janiero, Learning Event No. 13, Session 4: "Addressing the needs of women through agricultural research for development around the world".
Recent Milestones Achieved in Rice Genomes: Hurdles and Future Strategies by ...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
Rice is an important crop among the other cereals and considered as the model crop for function genomic studies. The rice genome size is very small 389m. The simplicity protocol of genetic transformation, physical and molecular map also developed. The recent advancement in genome sequencing and genome editing technologies has enabled us to demonstrate the potential and function of various genes for rice improvement. This spotlight presents the comprehensive overview the modern tools and resources for advance in rice genome to develop elite rice genotype which have potential tolerance against multi stresses. However, we argue the next step of rice functional genome improvement, draft genome refinement and resequencing of rice broad diversity panel genome with highly efficient technology and multidisciplinary integrated approaches to inferring gene function and future rice improvement program.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/fulltext/MCDA.000564.php
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on journal of agronomy and crop science please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
Importance of livestock and the technological and policy challenges facing th...ILRI
Presented by Michael Blϋmmel, Phil Toye, Okeyo Mwai, Ian Wright, Tom Randolph and Steve Staal at the Global feed and food congress, Sun City, South Africa, 10-12 April 2013
Riceplus Magazine s in rice and allied sectors,
Promote the Concept of Knowledge Economy
Dear Sir/Madam,
YOUR IDEA has a great worth---JUST share it through
RICE PLUS
5000+ stakeholders of rice industry read and apply various ideas and analysis written by the authors. Be the part of Rice plus authors
You can participate as:
1. Producing good piece of write up
2. Giving your product ad in Rice plus
3. Referring your friends to Rice plus
4. Promoting to new readers and writers
5. Making Rice plus you media manager
6. Subscribe Rice plus for your organization
Regards
Livestock marketing and supply chain management of livestock products ILRI
Presented by Steven J. Staal as a keynote address at the 74th Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, Maharashtra, India, 18-20 December 2014
Presentation by Dr Rajendra Paroda, Executive Secretary, Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI), at the 2012 Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) in Rio de Janiero, Learning Event No. 13, Session 4: "Addressing the needs of women through agricultural research for development around the world".
This year’s theme for International Women’s Day is: Equality for women is progress for all.Here’s a look back at some highlights of gender focused research across the CGIAR Consortium.
Collecting sex disaggregated agricultural data through surveys IFPRI-PIM
Presentation for the webinar on Collecting sex-disaggregated agricultural data through surveys that took place on April 21, 2016. Learn more about the webinar here: http://bit.ly/1SkWcSx
PIM Gender team members Cheryl Doss and Caitlin Kieran invited participants to discuss how the "Standards for collecting sex-disaggregated data for gender analysis" drafted by PIM in 2014 have been used to date, with a specific focus on lessons learned by CGIAR centers and external partners.
The webinar was co-organized by the CGIAR Gender and Agriculture Research Network and the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM).
Presentation by Jemimah Njuki at the FAO-ILRI Workshop on Integrating Gender in Livestock Projects and Programs, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 22-25 November 2011.
Role of women in livestock management, their constraints and training need-Pu...Dr Shifa Ul Haq
Role of Women in Livestock Management, their Constraints and Training Need.
This is a brief description of role of women in livestock management, their constraints and training need in Pakistan
This presentation gives a quick account of the activities of the Fisheries department in inland fisheries and aquaculture in Tamil Nadu. It also talks about the development of fish culture in community ponds& tanks and the need for reforms in community tank management.
DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING LEARNING MATERIALSvalarpink
Edgar dale’s cone of experience - projected aids: OHP, slides, LCD projector, Audio Conference, Video Conference, Epidiascope and Slide Projector - Non Projected Aids: Charts, Flash Cards, Printed Materials, Bulletin Board, Magnetic Board and Flannel Board. Need and important of Audio Visual aids – Types of Audio Visual Aids – Graphic Aids, Activity Aids.
It describes everything about Sericulture (Silk Farming).
Types of Sericulture.
It's Historical Perspectives.
Global production of Silk.
How it can be done.What are the ways to do it.
Genomics selection in livestock: ILRI–ICARDA perspectivesILRI
Presented by Raphael Mrode (ILRI), Joram Mwacharo (ICARDA) and Olivier Hanotte (ILRI) at the Workshop on Implementing Genomic Selection in CGIAR Breeding Programs, Montpellier, 10-12 December 2015
Potential application of lessons from dairy genetics into beef: Lessons from ...ILRI
Presented by Okeyo Mwai, Raphael Mrode, Julie Ojango, Chinyere Ekine-Dzivenu and Gebregziabher Gebreyohannes at the CTLGH-ACIAR Convening workshop, Nairobi, 30 September 2022
Mithun (Bos frontalis) is a unique large bovine species that is genetically different from cattle and buffalo with diploid chromosome number 58. It is endemic to four northeastern states viz., Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoranm and Nagaland. Mithun is reared mainly for meat purposes. Though it gives 1 - 1.5 liters of high-quality milk. Due to continuous efforts of ICAR-NRC on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, this unique species is getting popularized. More and more framers are adopting a semi-intensive rearing model developed by ICAR-NRC on Mithun. If reared scientifically on a commercial scale, Mithun husbandry can fetch good income for the farmers and help in doubling farmers' income.
Transforming livestock farming: Key elements for medium scale enterprisesILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith, at the 9th International conference on appropriate technology Workshop: appropriate technology for medium-scale farmers, Virtual, 23 November 2020
Biodiversity, resource base, animal breed level characterization, and utility...ILRI
Presented by Tadelle Dessie (ILRI) at the ILRI-ICARDA Training Course on Methods and approaches of Phenotypic characterization of Animal Genetic Resources (Goats), Addis Ababa, 20-21 December 2012
Innovative use of conventional and new technologies to unravel breed options ...ILRI
Presented by J.M.K. Ojango, R. Mrode and A.M. Okeyo at the 1st World Congress on Innovations for Livestock Development: Fostering Innovations for the Livestock Industry, Nakuru, Kenya, 26–30 June 2016
Genetics and genomic approaches for sustainable dairy cattle improvementILRI
Presented by Raphael Mrode at the Third Research Coordination Meeting, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, 7-11 June 2021
Mixed crop-livestock systems: Indispensable means to achieving global food an...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the ADSA (American Dairy Science Association)-ASAS (American Society of Animal Science)-CSAS (Canadian Society of Animal Science) Joint Annual Meeting on Linking Animal Science and Animal Agriculture: Meeting the global demands of 2050, Kansas City, Missouri, 20–24 July 2014
Developing innovative digital technology and genomic approaches to livestock ...ILRI
Presented by Raphael Mrode, Julie Ojango, John Gibson and Okeyo Mwai at the 12th World Conference on Animal Production (WCAP), Vancouver, Canada, 5-8 July 2018
Innovative digital technology and genomic approaches to dairy cattle genetic...ILRI
Presented by R. Mrode, J. Ojango, Ekine Chinyere, John Gibson and Okeyo Mwai at the Strategic Interest Research Group Meeting on Genetic Improvement of Livestock II, IITA, Ibadan, 2-3 September 2019
Oprah Winfrey: A Leader in Media, Philanthropy, and Empowerment | CIO Women M...CIOWomenMagazine
This person is none other than Oprah Winfrey, a highly influential figure whose impact extends beyond television. This article will delve into the remarkable life and lasting legacy of Oprah. Her story serves as a reminder of the importance of perseverance, compassion, and firm determination.
The Team Member and Guest Experience - Lead and Take Care of your restaurant team. They are the people closest to and delivering Hospitality to your paying Guests!
Make the call, and we can assist you.
408-784-7371
Foodservice Consulting + Design
Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to radically reinvent the way we do business. This study explores how CEOs and top decision makers around the world are responding to the transformative potential of AI.
Modern Database Management 12th Global Edition by Hoffer solution manual.docxssuserf63bd7
https://qidiantiku.com/solution-manual-for-modern-database-management-12th-global-edition-by-hoffer.shtml
name:Solution manual for Modern Database Management 12th Global Edition by Hoffer
Edition:12th Global Edition
author:by Hoffer
ISBN:ISBN 10: 0133544613 / ISBN 13: 9780133544619
type:solution manual
format:word/zip
All chapter include
Focusing on what leading database practitioners say are the most important aspects to database development, Modern Database Management presents sound pedagogy, and topics that are critical for the practical success of database professionals. The 12th Edition further facilitates learning with illustrations that clarify important concepts and new media resources that make some of the more challenging material more engaging. Also included are general updates and expanded material in the areas undergoing rapid change due to improved managerial practices, database design tools and methodologies, and database technology.
4. Old civilization : 5,000 year
Languages spoken 325
dialects 1,652
official 18
States + union territories 29 + 5
Area 3,287,590 sq. km (97 times Holland, 33, 883 sq km
(7th Largest 2.2 percent of the total land area of the planet)
Coastline 7,516 km
Land Boundaries 14103 km
People 1,000,000,000 in 2000
INDIA: An Overview
6. Diversity
• People
– ethnic Aryan 72, Dravidian 25, Mongoloid and other 3
– Religious Hindu 81.3, Muslim 12, Christian 2.3, Sikh 2.0
– Languages 18 official, 325 spoken
• Land forms Mighty Himalayas, Gangetic Plains, Deccan Plateau
• Agro-climatic 15 macro Zones
• Biodiversity
– plant species - 49,219 (12.5% of worlds flora)
– animal species - 81,251 (6.6% of fauna)
7. Diversity
Temperature + 51O C to - 40OC
Altitude 0 ft to 24000 ft above MSL
Rainfall 110 mm Ladakh to 11,430 mm Cheranpunji (one year)
8. We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count,
without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have
been made.
-Albert Einstein
India is,the cradle of the human race,the birthplace of
human speech, the mother of history,the grandmother of
legend, and the great grand mother of tradition.Our most
valuable and most instructive materials in the history of
man are treasured up in India only.
-Mark Twain
9. Agricultural Research System in India
• Indian Council of
Agricultural Research
(ICAR)
– National policies on Agriculture
– Clearing House for all
International partnerships
• 96 Institutes and 86
AICRP
• 6000 scientists
• 40 State Agriculture
universities
• 10 Veterinary Universities
• 30,000 scientific/teaching
staff
10. Important Animal Science Organizations
• ICAR - Indian Council of Agricultural Research
• VCI - Veterinary Council of India
• NDRI - National Dairy Research Institute
• NDDB - National dairy Development Board
• NBAGR - National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources
• IVRI - Indian Veterinary Research Institute
• Others supporting animal science research
11. LIVESTOCK POPULATION
• India has largest population of livestock
in the world.
Cattle 206 million Ist 18 breeds
Buffaloes 91 million Ist 7 breeds
Sheep 62 million 3rd 40
Goats 123 million 2nd 20
Pigs 17 million -
Poultry 354 million 7th 7
Camel 900,000 4
Yak,
Mithun
-
12. Production figures
• Milk 96 million tonnes I
• Wool 58,000 tonnes
• Silk 15,000 tonnes II
• Egg 1.60 million tonnes V
• Meat 6032,000 tonnes
• Animals slaughtered 106 million
• (cows/buffaloes) 24 million
13.
14.
15. Livestock Diversity
• Cattle
– Milk yield 200 lts - 4500 lts
– Lact Leng 150 – 400 days
– AFC 27 months – 48 months
• Sheep
– Fibre diameter 11 µ - 30 µ
– Growth 12 kg - 50 kg ( 1 year)
– Fecundity 0.8 - 3.0 lambs / year
• Commercial poultry
– Pure Grandparent lines: 15
– Hatcheries: Layer – 115 producing 1.3 million parents ----95 million hybrid layer chicks
Broiler- 280 producing 280 million parents --------275 million broiler day old chicks
16. Adaptability of Local Livestock Breeds
• Disease tolerant
• Thrive Well in Local Harsh Environment
• Supply Organic Manure
• Draught purposes
• Low Input Management System
21. Livestock Husbandry in India
• Rural Population - 65-70%
• Dependence on Agriculture - 80-85%
• Rural Poverty - 25%
• Dairy farmers - 30 million
– Herd size is small _ one or three milch animals,
– small and marginal landholding farmers -own about 70 % milch animals
– animals' nutritional requirements - are largely met by agricultural waste and
byproducts
• successful Indian dairy development programme
– Operation Flood
– In the early 1950s, India was commercially importing around 55000 tonnes of
24. Use of Molecular Data in Selection
Unknown
genes
Identified or
marked
QTL
Phenotypic
data
EBV
Genotypic
data
Selection
strategy
Molec. genetics ?
Molecular
score (MS)
25. • Most important traits are quantitative controlled
by a number of genes and environmental
factors
• Progeny testing- to effect Genetic improvement
• Limitations:
– Expensive, time consuming, difficult to full fill all the
conditions of a reliable progeny test,
– Not possible to produce enough PT bulls to cove
300 million cattle / buffaloes
26. Target Milk
Production
Breedable Cows Breedable
Buffaloes
Required No. of Breeding Bulls
Cross
bred
Indigenous AI Cover Cow bulls Buffaloes bulls
India
12
million
52 million 51 million
100% 10,600 8500 for AI
75% 8000 for AI +
66000 for NS
6300 for AI +
53000 for NS
Year Human
Population
Per capita
availability
Milk production /
Targets for 2030
% increase
warranted
India 2006 1.15 billion 250 ml 96 million tones
2030 1.5 billion
(growth rate
1.74%)
560 ml ~320 MT ~ 400%
Requirement of
breeding bulls
27. Genes
Advantage of Molecular
Genetic data for selection
Molecular genetics
QTL
• Heritability of genotypes = 1
• Expressed in both sexes
• Expressed at early age
• Requires less phenotypic data
Candidate
genes
28. • Optimism
– Faster progress possible if we could identify
bulls and cows carrying desirable genes
• Challenge / Approach
– What are those ‘big’ genes
– Finding genes for milk production
– Using them in selection
– Future Research
29. Genes for quantitative traits
Finding genes
• QTL mapping
– high probability of success
– hard to use
• Candidates genes
– low probability of success
– easy to use
30. Number of QTL in Cattle by Trait Types
Milk Fat 90
Milk Protein 130
Milk Yield 62
Mastitis 68
Meat Quality 59
Carcase Characteris 20
Disease Resistance 10
Fertility 44
General 145
Growth 190
Life History Traits 16
Lifetime Production 10
http://www.animalgenome.org
Total QTLs 846
Publications 55
Traits 112
33. How big are the gene effects?
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2
Effect (phenotypic standard deviations)
Frequency
Reported gene effects in cows
• To have a panel of
major candidate
genes with an effect
of mean ± 2 SD, we
need to grow by 15 to
20 times more in the
information on such
genes.
34. Outline
• Use of QTL detected in breed crosses
• Marker-assisted introgression
• Marker-assisted selection in crosses
• Marker-assisted selection within breeds
• Gene Assisted Selection (candidate genes)
35. • Direct use of a discovered QTL effect for selection across families is not possible.
• There are statistical estimation errors, causing both false positive and false
negative effects, particularly when the effect of the QTL is small.
• There is a lack of consistency of the effect of the same QTL between studies,
caused by QTL by genetic background (epistasis) of QTL and by environment
interactions.
• Advantage from within-family selection for a QTL over BLUP or phenotypic
selection alone is frequently low and the methodology to exploit this information for
selection is complex and relatively inefficient.
• The net economic effect of the QTL may be lower than the effect on single traits,
because unfavourable effects on other traits.
• Selection using QTL is more complex than phenotypic selection alone. QTLs add
to the list of traits used as selection criteria. Reduced selection intensity and
relative emphasis given to each trait, make optimal selection more difficult.
• Short-term gains due to MAS may be at the expense of medium to long-term
polygenic responses for important traits.
Problems related to use of QTLs in genetic improvement programs