Brain fingerprinting technology uses brainwave measurements to determine whether specific information is stored in a person's brain. It works by precisely measuring brainwaves in response to stimuli related to a crime to detect if the information is known or familiar to the subject. The technology was invented in 1991 by Lawrence Farwell and detects subtle differences in brainwave patterns that indicate recognition of known details, allowing it to identify whether a person has information relevant to a crime stored in their memory. It has applications in national security, law enforcement, and other fields and claims over 99% accuracy in determining guilt or innocence.