Brain fingerprinting is a technique developed in 1995 by Dr. Lawrence Farwell to determine if specific information is stored in a person's brain. It works by measuring electrical brainwave responses using electroencephalography as a person views words or images. The brain fingerprinting system includes a computer, data acquisition board, monitors, EEG amplifier and electrodes. It presents stimuli and records brainwaves, looking for a P300 response which indicates recognition. Brain fingerprinting has advantages of high accuracy and providing immediate results, but has limitations such as not being suitable for general screening and not indicating a person's intent. It has applications in criminal justice, medicine, counterterrorism and identifying terrorist activities.

1. Presented by
T. Vaishnavi

2.  Contents:
 Introduction
 Invention
 Equipment and technology
 Technique
 Comparison with other technologies
 Role in criminal proceedings
 Applications
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Conclusion

3.  INTRODUCTION
 Brain fingerprinting is a scientific technique to determine
whether or not specific information is stored in an individual's
brain.
 Measure the response to the Visual and the Audio stimulus.
 It does this by measuring electrical brainwave response to
words ,phrases or pictures that are presented on computer
screen.

4.  INVENTION:
 Brain fingerprinting was invented by Dr. Lawrence A
in the year 1995. Farwell The chief scientist and
president of Human Brain Research Laboratory, USA.
Is based on the theory that throughout any event, the
brain plans,records and executes all the actions.

5.  Equipment and technology:
The brain fingerprinting system comprises:-
1. A personal computer.
2. A data acquisition board.
3. Two monitors.
4. A EEG amplifier.
5. Software for data acquisition Some electrodes.

6.  Technique:
 When someone commits a crime, his brain records it has
a memory .
 Brain Fingerprinting seeks to reveal that memory, by
showing the suspect evidence taken from the crime
scene.
 A head band with sensors is placed on the subject.
 A series of pictures or words is flashed on the screen.
 The computer records the brain waves produced in
response to what the subject sees.

7. P300
 The brain responses called a P300/ MERMER are
recorded as a wave form of human neurons which
response to stimulus.
 P300 wave is an event related potential (ERP) which can
be recorded via Electroencephalgraphy (EEG).

8.  Electroencephalography:
 Electroencephalography
(EEG) is the measurement of
electrical activity produced by
the brain as recorded from
electrodes placed on the scalp.
 EEG signals (in the range of
mille-volts) are amplified and
digitalized for later processing.

9.  Comparison with other technologies:
Brain fingerprinting is fundamentally different from the
polygraph (lie-detector), which measures emotion-based
physiological signals such as heart rate, sweating, and
blood pressure
Also, unlike polygraph testing, it does not attempt to
determine whether or not the subject is lying or telling
the truth.

10.  Role In Criminal Proceedings:

11. APPLICATIONS
Medical Counter Terrorism
Criminal Justice Terrorist Activities
Brain
Fingerprinting

12.  Advantages:
The various advantages are as follows:-
1. The rate of error is extremely low virtually
nonexistent and clear standards governing.
2. Record of 100% accuracy.
3. Identifies the criminal quickly and scientifically.
4. Provides immediate scientific result.
5. Reduced costs and complexities.
6. Support the right to a speedy and fair trail.

13.  Disadvantages:
The various disadvantages are as follows:-
1. Not applicable for general screening.
2. It does not indicate intent of the crime.
3. Takes a fair amount of time to set up and conduct
properly .
4. Difficult to distinguish the criminal and a witness
who saw all the criminal activity happen.

14. Conclusions:
 Brain Fingerprinting is a revolutionary new scientific
technology for solving The technology fulfills an urgent need
crimes, identifying perpetrators, and for governments, law
enforcement exonerating innocent suspects, with a agencies,
corporations, investigators, record of 100% accuracy in
research crime victims, and falsely accused, with US
government agencies, actual innocent suspects. criminal cases,
and other applications.