This document discusses a Bluetooth-based smart sensor network, detailing its components, functionalities, and applications across military, environmental, and healthcare sectors. It highlights the advantages of Bluetooth in wireless sensor networks, such as low cost and existing protocols, while also addressing interoperability challenges. Key focuses include the implementation of gateways for communication, discovery of smart sensor nodes, and ongoing research issues related to hardware and software development.

1. Bluetooth Based Smart
Sensor Network
Presented by,
Maulik Patel
131060753011(WiMC)

2. What Is Wireless Sensor Network ?

Networks of small devices equipped with sensors, microprocessor and wireless
Communication interfaces and power sources.

It can be deployed in an ad-hoc manner.

Automatically collected and presented in structured way using xml.

No limits in sensor type and number of sensor.

Various simple RF, Bluetooth, UWB or infrared might be used for
communication between sensors.

3. Operation Performed by WSN

QUERING – Queries are used when user requires only the current value of the
observation.

TASKING – More Complex operation Used when a phenomenon has to be
observed over a large period of time.

4. Application

Military applications

Monitoring friendly forces, equipment and ammunition

Nuclear, biological and chemical attack detection

Environmental applications

Forest fire detection

Flood detection and Precision agriculture

Health applications

Tracking and monitoring patients and doctors inside a hospital

Drug administration in hospitals
And much more…

5. Why to use Bluetooth in WSN?

Bluetooth is already well developed and experienced

Large range of Bluetooth devices available today.

Relatively low cost.

Many protocols are already developed.

Automatic node discovery synchronization and connection set up.

6. Bluetooth Specification

Standard: IEEE 802.15

ISM Band Frequency: 2.4 GHz

Range: 10 – 100 meters

Channel Bandwidth: 1 Mbps

Maximum Asymmetric Data Transfer Rate: 721 Kbps

Power saving mode(sniff , park and stand by)

piconet & scatternet

7. Smart Sensor Networks

Challenge : It is to ensure interoperability among various Bluetooth
manufactures’ devices and to provide numerous applications.

Important features of WSN: Collaboration of network nodes during
execution and Data Centric nature.

Many smart sensor nodes scattered in the field collect data and send it to
users via ‘gateway’ using multi-hop routes.

8. Smart Sensor Network (cont.)
Function of gateway :
 Communication with sensor networks: Shortage Wireless
Communication ; Discovery of smart sensor nodes
 Gateway Logic: Controlling Gateway interface and data
flow; Providing uniform access to sensors
 Communication
with
users:
Internet, WAN, Satellite, etc.
Communication
over

9. Sensor Network Implementation

Main goal is to develop hardware and software for test based for researcher.

automatically collected and presented in a structured way using XML.

new protocols can be added easily without affecting current functionality.

10. Smart sensor node implementation
For implementation of Sensor as Bluetooth Node, following components are
important:

Bluetooth Device

Sensors

Microcontroller
Its provide the

Sensing

Dataprocessing

Communication

11. Sensor network gateway implementation

Gateway is implemented in Pentium laptop with linux OS.

Complete software functionality developed in java so it is possioble to
change in operation system.

It can be implemented by the use of either bluetooth ,PCMCIA CARD.

Java community undertook the first effort towards bluetooth stack API
application

Ex-JSR-82 JABWT

12. Bluetooth Hardware Architecture

13. Bluetooth hardware architecture (contd.)
Bluetooth Hardware consists of 3 main functional modules:
 2.4 GHz Bluetooth RF Transceiver Unit
 Link Management Unit
 Host Controller Interface
HOST CONTROLLER– Consists of a Digital Signal Processing part,having Link
Controller(LC) & CPU Core. It interfaces to the Host environment.
LINK CONTROLLER - Consists of Hardware & Software parts to perform Base-Band
Processing, and PhysicalLayer Protocols.Also performs low-level digital signal
processing to form connections.

14. Discovery Of Smart Sensor Nodes

After installation, the primary step during execution is
to discover the smart sensor nodes in the area.

The is to prepare a list of sensor’s characteristics and
network topology.

Next in execution process, provision is to have addition
of new or removal of existing sensors.

15. Communication with smart sensor nodes

Initialization of gateway and Bluetooth Inquiry Procedure.

Discovery of Bluetooth device and Checking of major and
minor devices.

Setting of parameters and assigning type of devices and
sensors.

Description by Service-Class Field.

Discarding of non-smart nodes.

Exchange the service profile of each other.

Lastly, Bluetooth link is established and data exchange with
smart node starts.

16. Abstraction layers

Gateway’s abstraction layer uses sensor profiles to
create list of objects that represent each sensor in the
network.

Each object provides methods that enable sending and
receiving data to and from sensor. Specifics of actual
data transmission are hidden from users.

17. Research Issues

There are mainly two research issues for bluetooth based
smart sensor network:-
1.
Hardware development issues,
2.
Software development issues.
Some other functionality to developed
1.
Compression
2.
Aggregation
3.
Power mode related issues

18. Conclusion

Interesting research area with many possible solution

They are based on many collaborative effort of small devices

Many open issue related to physical layer , MAC layer , routing layer and
application layer

19. References

Bluetooth Based Wireless Sensor Networks –Implementation Issues and
Solutions -Srdjan Krco - Applied Research Lab, Ericsson Ireland

I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E.Cayirci, “Wireless sensor
networks: a survey”,Computer Networks 38, Elsevier, 2002

C. Shen, C. Srisathapornphat, C. Jaikeeo, “Sensorinformation networking
architecture and applications”,IEEE Personal Communications, August 2001

K. Sohrabi, J. Gao, V. Ailawadhi, G.J. Pottie, “Protocols for self-organization
of a wireless sensor network”,IEEE Personal Communications, October 2000