1. The document discusses the concept of Kala Sharir or layers/membranes in the body according to Ayurveda. 2. It describes the 7 types of Kala - Mamsadhara, Raktadhara, Medodhara, Shleshmadhara, Purishdhara, Pittadhara, and Shukradhara. 3. Each Kala has a specific location and function, such as separating tissues from organs, holding blood vessels and nerves, or secreting mucus in joints.

1. CONCEPT OF KALA SHARIR
BY DR. JASOBANTA DANSANA (DR. JEET)
DEPT. OF RACHANA SHARIR
2ND YEAR PG
EMAIL.- JEETDANSANA0919@GMAIL.COM

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Definition of Kala
• Kala Swaroopa
• Kala types

3. INTRODUCTION
• Kala Sharir is briefly explain by Acharya Sushruta in ,Sharir Sthan 4th chapter
i.e. Garbhavyakran Sharir.
• Kala are seven in Numbers.
• It separates the Dhatu from the Ashaya.

4. DEFINITION OF KALA
कल ाः खलु अपि सप्त भवन्तत ध तु आशय अततर मय ाद ाः।(सु.श .४/५)
• Kala is defined as a separator between dhatu (tissues) and its Ashaya (organ or viscera).
By definition it is clear that the Kalas are the layers or membranes present at the junction
of the Dhatus and their Ashayas.
• They form a screen or partition between the tissue and the organ which is made by that
tissue.
• According to Ayurveda, the Ashaya’s or visceral organs are made up of dhatus.

5. ध तु आशय अततरस्थाः तु याः क्लेदाः तु अधधततष्ठतत।
देह ऊष्मण पविक्वो याः स कल इत्यभभधीयते॥(श .प्र.5/1)
• According to Acharya Sharangadhara’s ‘The Kleda or Moisture or Liquid portion
present in between dhatu and ashaya is processed by the heat of the body and converts
it into Kala’.

6. याः तु ध तु आशय अततरेषु क्लेदो अवततष्ठते स यथ स्व ऊष्मभभाः पविक्वाः स्न यु
श्लेष्म जर युच्छतन क ष्ठ इव स रो ध तु स राः रस शेषो अल्ित्व त्कल
संज्ञाः।(अ.सं 5/32)
• ‘The Kleda or moisture present in between the dhatu and its aashaya, reacting to its
own heat gets converted into Kala. It is called Kala because it is made up of small
quantity of the essence of dhatu or dhatu rasa which oozes from the dhatu just like the
liquid oozes when a fresh wood is cut.
• It is enveloped by snaayu (muscle fibers, ligaments and tendons) and Jarayu
(membrane).’

7. Kala Swaroopa (structure and appearance of Kala)
• When we cut a fresh wood, some liquid flows out of it. This can be considered as the
essence of the tree or wood.
• Similarly, when we cut a muscle, we can see the tissues oozing through it in the form of
Rasa (plasma) and Rakta (blood).
• The portions of the body which are covered by Snayus (ligaments and tendons),
enveloped by Jarayu (membrane) and smeared with Kapha (mucous) are called Kalas.

8. TYPES
They are principally of 7 types.
1.Mamsadhara Kala
2.Raktadhara Kala
3.Medodhara Kala
4.Sleshmadhara Kala
5.Purishdhara Kala
6.Pittadhara Kala
7.Shukradhara Kala

9. 1.MAMSADHARA KALA
त स ं प्रथम म ंसधर न म, यस्य ं म ंस गत न ं (म ंसे व ) भसर स्न यु धमनीस्रोतस ं
प्रत न भवन्तत॥(सु.श .४/८)
यथ बिस मृण ल तन पववर्दाधतते समततताः।
भूमौ िङ्क उदक स्थ तन तथ म ंसे भसर आदयाः॥(सु.श .४/९)
• The first Kala is called Mamsadhara kala (membranes or layers of muscles holding and
supporting the blood vessels).
• This Mamsadhara kala holds in it the networks and branches of Siras (veins), snaayus
(ligaments and or nerves), dhamanis (arteries) and srotas (channels of transportation).

10. • The stalk of the lotus flower sinks deep into the mud and it branches to spread all
around in the surrounding area. In the same pattern, the Sira, Dhamanis, Snayus and
srotases by taking the support of the Mamsadhara Kala spread and nourish
(functional support) the Mamsa.
• On the other side, the Mamsadhara kala provides the anatomical support and forms a
protective shield covering to these delicate structures.
• Anatomically, it can be corelate with the superficial fascia, deep fascia and
intermuscular septa that separates the muscle from underlying structure.

11. CONT..

12. 2.RAKTADHARA KALA
र्दपवतीय रक्तधर म ंसस्य आभ्यततरताः, तस्य ं शोणणतं पवशेषताः च भसर सु यकृ त ्
प्लीहनोाः च भवतत (स्रवतत)॥
वृक्षर्द यथ अभभ प्रहत त्क्षीररणाः क्षीरम्आस्रवेत ्।
म ंस त ्एव क्षत त ्क्षक्षप्रं शोणणतं िंप्रभसच्यते॥(सु.श .४/१०,११)
• The 2nd Kala is called Raktadhara Kala (membranes holding or shielding the blood
tissue)
• Though it is embed within the Mamsadhara Kala it is particularly found in Blood
Vessels, Liver and Spleen.

13. CONT..
• As latex coming out from the tree on getting cut similarly if Mamsadhara kala embed
within muscle get cut blood will oozing out from the Raktadhara Kala.

14. • Tunica intima the inner most layer of the arteries that lines the lumen of artery from the
above structure such as tunica media, tunica externa can be compared with the
Raktadhara kala.
• Liver-Liver helps in formation of the blood and also plays an important role in foetal
circulation in embryonic life and also associated with blood clotting factor.
• Spleen – Spleen act on old RBC cells to get recycled and platelet and WBC get stored
in to the spleen.
MODERN CORELATION

15. CONT..

16. 3.MEDODHARA KALA
तृतीया मेदोधराां मेदो हि सर्व भूतानाां उदरस्थम् अणु अहस्थषु च मित्सु च मज्जा भर्हत॥
स्थूल अहस्थषु हर्शेषेण मज्जा तु अभ्यन्तर आहितः।
अथ इतरेषु सर्ेषु सरक्तां मेद उच्यते॥
शुद्ध माांसस्य यः स्नेिः सा र्सा पररकीहतवता॥(सु.शा.४/१२,१३)
• Medodhara kala is 3rd kala in the body which is present within the abdomen and small and
large bones.
• Meda can be considered as a fatty tissue present within the abdomen.
• Though it is present through out the body, but in abdomen where it can accumulate the
most.

17. MODERN CORRELATION
• Anatomically Medodhara kala can be compared within the greater and lesser omentum
that cover the large intestine (transverse colon).
• In the view of presence of Medodhara kala in the bone , Anatomically it can be
correlate with bone marrow.
• Here acharya Sushruta mentioned that in long bones Medodhara kala resides in the
form of Majja and in small bones it is in the form of Sarakta meda.

18. CONT..

19. 4.SHLESHMADHARA KALA
चतुथी श्लेष्मधर , सवा सन्तधषु, प्र णभृत ं भवतत।
स्नेह अभ्यक्ते यथ हह अक्षे चक्रं स धध प्रवर्त्ाते।
सतधयाः स धु वर्त्ातते संन्श्लष्् ाः श्लेष्मण तथ ॥(सु.श .४/१४,१५)
• The 4th kala is called Shleshmadhara kala (the layers or membranes which hold mucus or
secrete mucus).
• It is present in all the bony joints.

20. CONT..
• As proper lubrication at the frictional area of wheels helps for smooth and quality
movement, Sheleshma present in the joint helps the joint to move freely.
• It also helps the joint to overcome the shock and strain of repeated movement.
• Thus Shelsmadhara kala is most essential for the smooth movement of all joints present
within the body.

21. MODERN CORRELATION
• Anatomically it can be correlate with the Synovial membrane that cover the inner
surface of joints.
• Synovial fluid secreted by the synovial membrane can be correlate with the Shleshma.

22. 5.PURISHDHARA KALA
िञ्चमी िुरीषधर न म, य अतत कोष्ठे मलम्अभभ पवभजते िक्व शयस्थ ॥
यकृ त ्समतत त ्कोष्ठं च तथ अतर णण सम धित ।
उण्डुकस्थं पवभजते मलं मलधर कल ॥(सु.श .४/१६,१७)
• 5th kala is Purishdhara kala.
• It is located in the Pakwashaya that lies inside the Kostha(abdomen).
• It is particularly located at the level of Yakrit in the Kostha.
• Food get separated in the sara and mala bhaga in Purishvaha Srotas with the help of
Purishdhara kala.
• It is also known as Maladhara Kala.

23. MODERN CORRELATION
• As explained by acharya Sushruta Purishdhara kala is place where digested food is
separated in sara and mala bhaga, which in modern can be correlate with the large
intestine.
• Acharay Sushruta said that it is near to the Yakruta, so it can be the hepatic flexure as it
is near to the liver.
• Large intestine within the inner most layer that is mucosal and submucosal layer can be
correlate with Purishdhara kala.

25. 6.PITTADHARA KALA
षष्ठी पिर्त्धर य चतुपवाधं अतन ि नम्आशय त ्प्रच्युतं िक्व शय उिन्स्थतं
ध रयतत॥
अभशतम्क्श हदतं िीतं लीढं कोष्ठ गतं नृण म्।
तत ्जीयातत यथ क लं शोपषतं पिर्त् तेजस ॥(सु.श .४/१८,१९)
• 6th kala is Pittadhara kala.
• It receive and retain the semi digested food.
• It digest all four type of food i.e. Ashita- chewable, Khadita- swallowed, Peeta- drink,
Lehyha- licked.
• It bears the digestive fire or agni in it which helps to digest the food received by
individual. Here agni is the main factor for digestion and absorption of food.

26. MODERN CORRELATION
• Grahani term is generally used for the small intestine mainly or 1st part of small intestine
i. e. duodenum.
• It is the location where semi digested food receives from the stomach, hold it for a time
and then get digested.
• Hence it can be duodenum and its inner layer that secrets the digestive enzymes and
help to digest the food.

28. 7.SHUKRADHARA KALA
सप्तमी शुक्रधर य सवा प्र णणन ं सवा शरीर व्य पिनी॥
यथ ियभस सपिााः तु गुडाः च इक्षु रसे यथ ।
शरीरेषु तथ शुक्रं नृण ं पवध्य त ्भभषक् वराः॥(सु.श .४/२०,२१)
• 7th and last kala is Shukradhara kala.
• It is located throughout the body.
• As the presence of ghee in milk cannot be seen with the naked eye, presence of sugar in
sugarcane cannot be seen with the naked eye similarly the presence of Shukradhara
kala cannot seen with the naked eye.

29. CONT..
• If we take shukra as semen it is not wise to tell that semen is produced all over the body
as it is produce by testis and Ayurveda also tells the same while explaining the
Shukravaha srotas.
• Here one question also arise that if Shukradhara kala compared with semen then what
about female, whether Shukradhara kala is not present within them?
• We have to understand the concept of Shukradhara kala at the zygote level. Whole body
is formed from the sperm and ovum so basically on the base level it is acceptable that
every part of body is formed by these two cells. Thus we can justify the concept of
Shukradhara kala explained by acharya Sushruta.

31. THANKS TO ALL