This is a presentation I did for Pediatric Grand Rounds at Akron Children's Hospital in the summer of 2010 on the diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder in kids. The content is still very current in 2012...the term "Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder" has been substituted for "Temper Dysregulation Disorder" in the debate on the DSM-V. Here's a link to the video:
https://www.akronchildrens.org/cms//b42450956e85aa39/index.html
Millions of Americans are affected by bipolar disorder. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (1997) give further details that up to one-third of 3.4 million American children and adolescents with depression may actually be experiencing the early onset of bipolar disorder. In the last 15 years, pediatric bipolar disorder (PBPD) is gradually becoming more recognized as a distinctive disorder for persons under the age of 18 years.
A psychosocial consequence of PBPD is that children and adolescents may struggle with academics and interpersonal relationships (Hamrin & Pachler, 2007) during critical stages of emotional development. Additionally, children and adolescents are at a higher risk for legal problems, substance abuse, increased suicidal behavior, and hospitalizations (Hamrin & Pachler, 2007).
Recent advancements in psychotherapy have shown that the recovery rate in treating patients with PBPD is remarkably high, which is a promising prognosis for relapse prevention. For treating PBPD, several empirically-based articles point to four methods of psychotherapy, which include: cognitive-behavioral therapy, family-focused therapy, psychoeducation, and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. When considering the best treatment interventions, many pieces of literature also point to both pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic interventions that are needed to adequately treat PBPD (Fristad et al., 2007).
Nevertheless, the best support that a clinician can provide is to separate the child from the symptoms – the symptoms of PBPD do not define the personality of individuals seeking treatment. This awareness is paramount in helping to remind parents that their child is not “bad,” and that there is hope in successfully managing pathological symptoms to achieve an enhanced quality of life.
References:
1. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (2007). Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 46(1): 107-125.
2. Fristad, M.A., Davidson, K.H., and Leffler, J.M. (2007). Thinking-feeling-doing: A therapeutic technique for children with bipolar disorder and their parents. Journal of Family Psychotherapy; 18(4): 81-103.
3. Hamrin, V., and Pachler, M. (2007). Pediatric bipolar disorder: Evidence-based psychopharmacological treatments. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing; 20(1): 40-58.
This is a presentation I did for Pediatric Grand Rounds at Akron Children's Hospital in the summer of 2010 on the diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder in kids. The content is still very current in 2012...the term "Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder" has been substituted for "Temper Dysregulation Disorder" in the debate on the DSM-V. Here's a link to the video:
https://www.akronchildrens.org/cms//b42450956e85aa39/index.html
Millions of Americans are affected by bipolar disorder. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (1997) give further details that up to one-third of 3.4 million American children and adolescents with depression may actually be experiencing the early onset of bipolar disorder. In the last 15 years, pediatric bipolar disorder (PBPD) is gradually becoming more recognized as a distinctive disorder for persons under the age of 18 years.
A psychosocial consequence of PBPD is that children and adolescents may struggle with academics and interpersonal relationships (Hamrin & Pachler, 2007) during critical stages of emotional development. Additionally, children and adolescents are at a higher risk for legal problems, substance abuse, increased suicidal behavior, and hospitalizations (Hamrin & Pachler, 2007).
Recent advancements in psychotherapy have shown that the recovery rate in treating patients with PBPD is remarkably high, which is a promising prognosis for relapse prevention. For treating PBPD, several empirically-based articles point to four methods of psychotherapy, which include: cognitive-behavioral therapy, family-focused therapy, psychoeducation, and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. When considering the best treatment interventions, many pieces of literature also point to both pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic interventions that are needed to adequately treat PBPD (Fristad et al., 2007).
Nevertheless, the best support that a clinician can provide is to separate the child from the symptoms – the symptoms of PBPD do not define the personality of individuals seeking treatment. This awareness is paramount in helping to remind parents that their child is not “bad,” and that there is hope in successfully managing pathological symptoms to achieve an enhanced quality of life.
References:
1. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (2007). Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 46(1): 107-125.
2. Fristad, M.A., Davidson, K.H., and Leffler, J.M. (2007). Thinking-feeling-doing: A therapeutic technique for children with bipolar disorder and their parents. Journal of Family Psychotherapy; 18(4): 81-103.
3. Hamrin, V., and Pachler, M. (2007). Pediatric bipolar disorder: Evidence-based psychopharmacological treatments. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing; 20(1): 40-58.
Global Medical Cures™ | Bipolar Disorder in Children & Adolescents
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Global Medical Cures™ | BIPOLAR DISORDER
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
In this presentation, Dr. Steve Grcevich will...
Explore the rationale for regular consideration of deprescribing in children, teens and adults with mental health conditions.
Examine the indications for deprescribing in individual patients.
Consider a process for simplifying complex medication regimens in patients with suboptimal therapeutic benefits and/or unacceptable adverse effects.
Evaluation and Treatment of Bipolar and Related Disorders in Children and Ado...Stephen Grcevich, MD
In these lectures presented by Dr. Stephen Grcevich to child and adolescent psychiatry trainees at Akron Children's Hospital in January 2021, the following objectives were addressed:
Identify critical questions challenging our assumptions regarding treatment of bipolar disorder in kids.
Explore diagnostic challenges associated with comorbidity with other common mental health conditions.
Review key literature evaluating effective pharmacotherapy of pediatric bipolar disorder.
Examine available data on non-pharmacologic treatments in kids with bipolar disorder.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder- What It Is And How To Treat ItCarlo Carandang
Comprehensive review of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), by Dr. Carlo Carandang, MD, anxiety expert and psychiatrist. Brought to you by AnxietyBoss.com.
This is characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression in the same patient.
Bipolar mood disorder is further classified into two according to DSM IV.
Bipolar I disorder
Bipolar II disorder
Global Medical Cures™ | Bipolar Disorder in Children & Adolescents
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Global Medical Cures™ | BIPOLAR DISORDER
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
In this presentation, Dr. Steve Grcevich will...
Explore the rationale for regular consideration of deprescribing in children, teens and adults with mental health conditions.
Examine the indications for deprescribing in individual patients.
Consider a process for simplifying complex medication regimens in patients with suboptimal therapeutic benefits and/or unacceptable adverse effects.
Evaluation and Treatment of Bipolar and Related Disorders in Children and Ado...Stephen Grcevich, MD
In these lectures presented by Dr. Stephen Grcevich to child and adolescent psychiatry trainees at Akron Children's Hospital in January 2021, the following objectives were addressed:
Identify critical questions challenging our assumptions regarding treatment of bipolar disorder in kids.
Explore diagnostic challenges associated with comorbidity with other common mental health conditions.
Review key literature evaluating effective pharmacotherapy of pediatric bipolar disorder.
Examine available data on non-pharmacologic treatments in kids with bipolar disorder.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder- What It Is And How To Treat ItCarlo Carandang
Comprehensive review of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), by Dr. Carlo Carandang, MD, anxiety expert and psychiatrist. Brought to you by AnxietyBoss.com.
This is characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression in the same patient.
Bipolar mood disorder is further classified into two according to DSM IV.
Bipolar I disorder
Bipolar II disorder
this presentioation will help individuals learn about the most popular eating disorders known around the world, and how these disorders are spreading in the arab countries.
Mental health disorders of psychology and psychological disordersluvv4erii
Learn about all the psychological disorders along with different types of personality disorders. Many people have been known and diagnosed with these disorders so learn about how these types of psychological issues affect how a person lives and how they have to suffer.
IDEA states that:
Other health impairment means having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment, that
a. Due to chronic or acute health problems (asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, diabetes, epilepsy, heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, sickle cell anemia, and Tourette syndrome)
b. Adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
It discuss on what is psychological disorder, Historical Perspective,Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective, causes of mental illness, NEURO DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS, Anxiety Disorders - types, symptoms, symptoms, multiple disorders, symptoms, characteristics, reasons, treatment
Behavior therapy is a treatment approach originally derived from learning theory, which seeks to solve problems and relieve symptoms by changing behavior and the environmental contingencies which control behavior.
End-of-life care refers to health care provided in the time leading up to a person's death. End-of-life care can be provided in the hours, days, or months before a person dies and encompasses care and support for a person's mental and emotional needs, physical comfort, spiritual needs, and practical tasks.
hii guys this is my ongoing presentation from my speciality class i hope u guys lije that please so i hope it is been useful for u in ur specialities by getting little help with that
This is an in dept look about disorders from a psychological standpoint. The disorders talked in this are eating and anxiety disorders. They are looked at from a Biological, Cognitive, and Socio-Cultural standpoints which are the 3 key areas of research in psychology.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874