This presentation will describe the basic levels of biosafety in lab. the biosafety includes the safety from bio hazard material being used in lab for research. the proper handling and transportation of the bio material or live material. the Basic levels of science laboratory with safety equipment. proper disposal and safety in case of emergency. its a very informative presentation.

1. BIOSAFETY
REGULATIONS
BY: AYESHA

2. We are going to discuss:
 Biosafety regulation
 Agents and Risk
 Biosafety regulations in Transportation
of biological specimens
 Biosafety levels in a laboratory
 General disinfection principles

3. What is Biosafety
Regulation?
Principles and practices employed to
protect laboratory personnel and the
environment from exposure or infection
while working with living organisms,
biological materials, or agents.
Example:
Include any material that may be
potentially infectious

4. Why we need biosafety ????
Lab has hazards of processing infectious
agents
Accidental threat to workers and
environment
To have adherence with safety regulations
while dealing with highly infectious agents
Accidental exposure to pathogens while
their transportation

5. Biosafety principles:
To protect
 Our self
 the environment
 the community

6. Agents and Risk groups:
The “agent” is the what creates risk, it might
be a virus, Bacteria or any pathogen
Risks to the worker or environment are often
unknown

7. Risk Group 1 Agents
E.coli
Fungi
Mold
Yeast
Unlikely to cause animal or human
disease
Non pathogenic agent

8. Risk Group 2 Agents
Human or Primate Cells
Herpes Simplex Virus
Patient specimens
Pathogenic for humans
Unlikely a serious hazard
Treatment and preventive measures available
Limited risk of spread of infection

9. Risk Group 3 Agents
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Pathogenic, cause serious disease
Effective treatment and preventive
measures usually available
Little person-to-person spread

10. Risk Group 4 Agents
Lassa Fever Virus
Ebola Hemmorrhagic Fever Virus
Marburg Virus
Herpes B Virus
Lethal, pathogenic agent
Readily transmittable
direct, indirect transfer
Effective treatment and preventive measures not
usually available

11. Biosafety levels in a laboratory
Level 1& 2: basic laboratories
Level 3: containment laboratories
Level 4 : high containment laboratories
Each level associated with appropriate
equipment, practices, work procedures

12. Level 1
 Well characterized, non-pathogenic organisms or
agents
 Open bench- no containment
 Use good laboratory practices, waste disposal, and
aseptic techniques
 Example: E. coli K-12 strains

13. Level 2
Agents of moderate hazard to personnel or
environment
Basic lab, but restricted access, containment
during certain processes (i.e. aerosols).
Autoclave and Biological Safety Cabinet are used
Use good laboratory practices, waste disposal,
and aseptic techniques
Example: most non-respiratory, non lethal,
agents

14. Level 3
• Agents of high hazard to personnel or environment
• Respiratory exotic or indigenous agents which are
easily transmissible causing serious or lethal
disease
• All work is done under, engineering controls and
controlled environments
• Example: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

15. Level 4
• Total containment, airtight labs,
“submarine” doors, air pumps, water
treatment, etc.
• Positive pressure “moonsuits”
• Hemorrhagic fever, deadly viruses, etc.

16. Biosafety regulations in
Transportation:
For the Transport of infectious substances or the specimen
under study or any virus or bacteria needs
 proper packaging materials
 proper use of packaging materials
 proper labelling, notification

17. Triple packaging
primary receptacle
secondary packaging
outer packaging
protects the environment, the carrier
protects the sample
arrival in good condition for analysis

18. primary receptacle
 Leak-proof specimen container
 Packaged with sufficient absorbent material to
absorb the entire content of the primary
receptacle in case of breakage

19. secondary packaging
Leak-proof secondary container
Encloses and protects the primary
receptacle(s)
several cushioned primary receptacles
may be placed in one secondary packaging
sufficient additional absorbent material to
absorb all fluid in case of breakage

20. Outer packaging
 Secondary packaging(s) are
placed in outer shipping packaging
with suitable cushioning material
 Outer packaging protects contents
from outside influences, physical
damage, while in transit

22. General disinfection
principles
 Disinfection requirements depend on the
experimental work and nature of the agents being
handled
 Contact time and concentration for disinfectants are
specific for each material and manufacturer
 Efficacy is a function of surface, contact time,
product, dilution

23. General disinfectants
10% bleach solution
 good for general disinfection
 High organics use 20%
 Needs to be made weekly
Ethanol
 Use 70% solution (most effective)
 Longer contact time