BIOMECHANICAL MODEL in FASCIAL MANIPULATION©

6/25/2013
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BIOMECHANICAL MODEL in
FASCIAL MANIPULATION©
MYOFASCIAL UNIT
CENTRES OF COORDINATION
CENTRES OF PERCEPTION
CENTRES OF FUSION
MYOFASCIAL DIAGONALS AND SPIRALS
www.fascialmanipulation.com
THE MYOFASCIAL (MF) UNIT
a MF unit is composed of :
1. A group of motor units, in one or
more muscles (monoarticular
and biarticular), that move a
body segment in a specific
direction
2. the joint that is moved
3. nerve (efferents, receptors,
afferents) and vascular
components
4. the fascia that connects these
elements together
Fascial Manipulation © - Luigi Stecco
Mono fibres : vastus med, lateralis,
intermedius. Bi fibres: Rectus femoralis
THE MYOFASCIAL UNIT
Elbow flexion:
brachialis - monoarticular
fibres
biceps brachii - biarticular
fibres
- anterior brachial fascia
- elbow joint
- nerve and vascular
components
This pattern repeats itself in all mf units

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From the inside of fascia come off some
septa that form the lodges
4
Lodges and formation
of CCs
Fascia lodges form the myofascial
units that permit the mouvement of
the distal articulation in the three
planes of the space
From the muscle spindle to
endomysium, perimysium until
epimysium where is present the CC
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How CCs have a specific
location?
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CC an-ge

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Formation of the CP
Centre of perception
Point of convergence of the
tension of the ipsodirectional
motor units;
Vectorial centre of the traction
of capsules, tendons, ligaments;
Region of proprioception of the
joint movement in one
direction.
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CP an-ge
CENTRE OF PERCEPTION
Each mf unit has a Centre of Perception
(CP) where movement occurring at the
joint is perceived
– A vectorial centre,
– Resultant of traction of the capsule, tendons,
and ligaments
A CP can become painful
• If the unidirectional forces of the mf unit are
not synchronized
• Mechanoreceptors in the capsule, ligaments
and tendons are subjected to non-physiological
or excess traction.
Painful afferents result
Anterior knee joint
INTERACTION of AGONIST – ANTAGONIST
• Any alteration in the fascia
of agonist mf unit can effect
the antagonist mf unit
• Some muscle fibres of the
agonist mf unit connect to
the fascia of the antagonist
mf unit via the
intermuscular septa.
lateral
head Triceps
Brachialis
Fascial connections with capsules of mechanoreceptors, muscle
spindles and GTO are also important for spatial, afferent information
to Central Nervous System.

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Myofascial unit
angonist-antagonist
Every segments is stabilize in the
space thanks three couples of
forces (m. angonist antagonist)
Hypertonicity of the agonist
myofascial unit creates a
hypertonicity of the antagonist
MFu
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MYOFASCIAL SEQUENCES of MF UNITS
• 3D movement and
stabilisation of each segment
is guaranteed by synergy and
synchrony between proximal
and distal, antagonist and
agonist mf units
• MF units that coordinate
movement in the same
direction are linked by
myofascial insertions and
biarticular muscle fibres to
form myofascial sequences
antemotion
retromotion
re
an
mediomotion
lateromotion
la
me
extrarotation
intrarotation
er
ir
MYOFASCIAL SEQUENCES

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anan
anan
MF SEQUENCES TERMINATE IN THE EXTREMITIES
sequences
The mf sequence perceive
better the movement in
comparison the capsules
because are farer from the
center
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Sequences and
movements
The result of both the
latero motion is zero
If the vector of
antemotion is the same of
retro motion we have
balance.
The result of intramotion
with the same side extra
motion is zero. ER
IR
RE
LA
AN
15
ER

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Fascial lodges
and motions
The retro motion
stretches the two
lodges of the erector
spinae
The latero motion
stetches the myofascial
sequence of one side
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Sequences of limbs
and trunk
The sequence of the limbs
are costitute by only one
fascial lodge
The trunk sequence are
costitute by two parallel
fascila lodges
bilateral: ante, retro
unilateral: latero
opposite: intra, extra
an
re
laer
17
RE
AN
ME
AN
RE
ME
LA LA
ERER
IR IR
Fascial lodges and
motor directions
The ante motion sequence of the
superior limb links all the
anterior mf units with:
The fascial lodge
The muscle insertion into the fascia
The capsules of the muscle spindle.
The same happen for the others
sequences
LA
RE
LA
ME
ER
IR
AN
18

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Posture and mf
sequence
The mf unit of ante and
retro control the balance
in the sagital plane.
RE-CL AN-CL
AN-CA
RE-CA
RE-GE AN-GE
PIANO SAGITTALE
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Posture and mf
sequence
The intra and extra mf
unit control the balance
in the horizontal plane.
These units are important
for the dynamic actions and
are correlate with the
spirals
ER-GE
IR-GE
ER-CA
IR-CA
ER-CL
IR-CL
PIANO
ORIZZONTALE
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Two
Agonists
Posture and mf
sequences
The mf unites of
latero and medio
control the stability in
the frontal plane.
An alteration of the
poise of the food create
a new balance in the
superior mf units
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Hypothesis: MYOTENDINOUS EXPANSIONS that unite MF UNITS in MF
SEQUENCES could contribute to maintenance of basal tension?
Force transmission
and proprioceptive
information for motor
control between
segments.
Hypothesis: This
would require a
basal tension of the
fascia.
Sequence and
posture
The mf sequences helps the
SNC to adapt the posture
an
re
piano
frontale
piano
sagittale
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Compensation along the same sequence
If the la-cx mf unit become
densified (alteration of the
viscosity of the loose
connective tissue) it create a
hypertone along the
prossimal and distal part of
the same mf sequence.
Could this hypothesis
explains the lateral sciatic
pain?
24

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Compensation in one plane (with
symptoms and signs)
Omolateral compensations
Example:A coxalgia could be
associated with a omolateral LBP
or periarthritis (lateral seq.).
Controlateral compensation
Example: a lateral neck pain could
be corralate with a controlateral
LBP (extrarotation seq. )
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CENTRES OF FUSION (CF)
• Small areas of fascia
where vectors of several
mf units converge
• Cf are located in the
retinacula, near joints,
and, in the trunk, along
lines of union of some
fascial sheaths.
• Multidirectional vectors
of proximal and distal
segments can converge
in cf.
Anterior Shoulder
AN HU
LA HU
AN LA HU
an-la-sc
an-la-hu
an-la-cu
an-la-ca
an-la-di
an-la-cp
an-la-cl
an-la-th
an-la-lu
an-la-pv
an-la-cx
an-la-ge
an-la-ta
an-la-pe
an-me-sc
an-me-hu
an-me-cu
an-me-ca
an-me-po
an-me-cl
an-me-th
an-me-lu
an-me-pv
an-me-cx
an-me-ge
an-me-ta
an-me-pe
4 diagonals connect centres of fusion
MYOFASCIAL DIAGONALS

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an-la-cp
re-me-cl
re-me-sc
re-me-hu
an-la-cu
re-me-ca
an-la-di
re-me-th
re-me-lu
re-me-pv
re -me-cx
an-la-ge
re-me-ta
an-la-pe
an-me-cp
re-la-cl
re-la-sc
re-la-hu
an-me-cu
re-la-ca
an-me-di
re-la-th
re-la-lu
re-la-pv
re -la-cx
an-me-ge
re-la-ta
an-me-pe
re-la-cp
an-me-cl
an-me-sc
an-me-hu
re-la-cu
an-me-ca
re-la-di
an-me-th
an-me-lu
an-me-pv
an-me-cx
re-la-ge
an-me-ta
re-la-pe
re-me-cp
an-la-cl
an-la-sc
an-la-hu
re-me-cu
an-la-ca
re-me-di
an-la-th
an-la-lu
an-la-pv
an-la-cx
re-me-ge
an-la-ta
re-me-pe
Ante-medio
Ante-latero Retro-medio
Retro-latero
MYOFASCIAL SPIRALS
Centre of Coordination
= point on deep fascia
where unidirectional
muscular forces
converge
Mf unit =
monoarticular and
biarticular
unidirectional muscle
fibres, their deep
fascia and the joint
they move in one
direction on one
plane.
FASCIAL MANIPULATION - BIOMECHANICAL MODEL
Simplification of a complexity
an-ge
CP
Me-ge
An-me-ge
CP = Centre of perception , where pain is felt
Centre of fusion =
points where vectors
from 2 adjacent mf units
converge.
Cf can combine along
myofascial diagonals or
spirals.
14 body segments.
Each segment served
by six myofascial units
(mf units).
Ir-ge
We will speak about the muscle region only for semplicity

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Thank youThank you
Palazzo della Ragione, Padova

BIOMECHANICAL MODEL in FASCIAL MANIPULATION©

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