The document summarizes a biomass gasifier project undertaken by students. It includes the objectives to maximize gasifier efficiency and reduce tar production. It provides an introduction to gasifiers and discusses literature reviewed. The document outlines the plan to characterize catalysts, study reaction kinetics, and develop a model. It also lists common biomass and coal feedstocks and their properties. Applications of producer gas for heat and power are mentioned.

1. Biomass-Gasifier
V.V.P ENGINEERING COLLEGE, RAJKOT
Department of Chemical Engineering
Prepared By:
Bhargav Dhameliya (160470105012)
Vivek M. Faldu (160470105013)
Kevin Chothani (160470105009)
Vivek Kansagara (170473105003)
Khunt Nikul (170473105005)
Guide : Jilesh M. Pandya
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2. • Objective of work
• Introduction to Gasifier
• Literature survey
• Research gap
• Plan of work
• References
OUTLINE
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3. OBJECTIVE OF WORK
• The main objective which would be in focus is on how
we could bring out the change on an industrial scale by
utilizing our design knowledge to maximize the
efficiency of gasifier when a Bio-mass is used and
simultaneously reduce TAR production.
• Study of thermo-chemical processes during gasification
of biomass.
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4. Introduction to Gasifier…
• Gasifier is a chemical reactor that convert biomass substance
into a combustible gas that can be burned for heating, Cooking
or for running an internal combustion engine.
• Process of producing energy from natural resources are in
operation from several years.
• Earlier coal and peat were used, but now world is facing a great
problems of energy crisis due to our usage of conventional fuel
in automobiles, power generation and various thermal
application.
• Technology of Bio-mass gasification has existed from more then
seven decade.
• The gases generated from biomass are alternate fuel and also
considered to be a cleaner gas.
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5. Environmental impacts of gasification process
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Source: Effect of Biomass Gasification on Environment (Reference 2)

6. Tar yield as an environmental problem
• Gasification process has the disadvantage of generating a high
amount of tar.
• The by-products generated form gasification plants, tar substance
the leading problem to end users.
• Tar is referred to as condensable organics in the producer gas
produced in the gasification process, and it is assumed to be
largely aromatic.
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7. Types of Gasifiers
1) Updraft gasifier
2) Downdraft gasifier
3) Cross draft gasifier
4) Fluidized gasifier
5) Entrained gasifier
Dense
phase
Reactors
Lean
Phase
Reactors
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8. TYPES OF FUELS USE IN CONVENTIONAL
GASIFICATION PROCESS
COAL ASH CON. C.V. (kcal/kg)
Peat >23% 3500
Lignite 23% 4000-4200
Anthracite 4.5% 7600-7800
Bituminous 4% 7000-8000
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9. TYPES OF FUELS USE IN BIO-MASS
GASIFICATION PROCESS
BIOMASS ASH (%) C.V. (kcal/kg)
Wood chips 1.2 4200
Rice straw 21.2 4170
Sunflower stalk 4.3 4100
Sugar cane leaves 5 4100
Saw dust 1.2 4051
Rise husk 20.65 4050
Groundnut shell 3.8 3996
Bagasse 1.8 2910
Corn Cobs 0.2 3862
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10. TYPES OF FUELS USE IN BIO-MASS
GASIFICATION PROCESS
BIOMASS ASH (%) C.V. (kcal/kg)
Babool wood 0.9 4785
Paddy straw 15.5 4707
Masterd shell 3.7 4524
Barks wood 4.4 4428
Wheat straw 8 4400
Soya bean husk 4.1 4380
Jute waste 3 4380
Cashew husk 20 4300
Palm husk 4.9 4300
Bamboo dust 8 4300
Mustard stalk 3.4 4237
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11. Advantages of biomass gasifier
 Clean technology
 Small and modular
 Economically viable
 Socio-economically beneficial
 Flexible operation
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12. Producer gas applications
The producer gas obtained can be used either to produce heat or to generate
electricity.
 Thermal applications:
Heat treatment furnaces
Lime kiln and other industrial kilns
Food Processing
Rubber & Footwear industries
Namkeen and sweat industries
Textile Dyeing
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13.  Power applications
 Captive power generation
 Grid -fed power from energy plant installed on wasteland
 Decentralized power generation
 Pumping and Irrigation
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14. LITRETURE SURVEY
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15. Plan of Work
June July August September October November December
Course work
Literature
Review
Analysis of
process
Choose
process
Analysis of
gasifier
Choose
gasifier
Analysis of
feed stock
Used feed
stock in
gasifier
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16. June July August September October November December
Characterizat
ion of
Catalysts
Choose
Catalyst
Reaction
Activity in
gasifier
Kinetics
Study
Development
of Model
Report
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17. References
1. Rohit Raj, Vivek k, Parvathy Venugopal, Vishnu Vijayan , Bio gasifier, IJIRT
Volume 2 ,May 2016
2. Amit Kumar Mishra, R N Singh, Pratyush Pingita Mishra, Effect of Biomass
Gasification on Environment, Mesopotamia Environmental Journal volume 1,
2015
3. Elango Balu, J.N. Chung, System characteristics and performance evaluation
of a trailer-sacle downdraft gasifier with different feedstock, Bioresources
technology, may 2015
4. Pratik N. Sheth, B.V. Babu, Experimental studies on producer gas generation
from wood waste in a downdraft biomass gasifier, Bioresources technology,
February 2009
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18. 5. Maria Puig-Arnavat, Joan Carles Bruno, Alberto Coronas, Review and analysis
of biomass gasification models, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
May 2010
6. Pengmei L v , Zhenhong Yuan, Longlong Ma, Chuangzhi W u, Young Chen,
Jingxu Zhu, Hydrogen-rich gas production from biomass air and oxygen/steam
gasification in a downdraft gasifier, Renewable Energy 32(2007)
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References

19. 1906-03-2020