Biogeochemical Cycles and Human ActivitiesAmos Watentena
A biogeochemical cycle is one of several natural cycles, in which conserved matter moves through the biotic and abiotic parts of an ecosystem. In geography and Earth science, a biogeochemical cycle or substance turnover or cycling of substances is a pathway by which a chemical substance moves through biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments of Earth. The following presentation discusses the role of humans in the biogeochemical cycles.
Biogeochemical Cycles and Human ActivitiesAmos Watentena
A biogeochemical cycle is one of several natural cycles, in which conserved matter moves through the biotic and abiotic parts of an ecosystem. In geography and Earth science, a biogeochemical cycle or substance turnover or cycling of substances is a pathway by which a chemical substance moves through biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments of Earth. The following presentation discusses the role of humans in the biogeochemical cycles.
Bio 107 General Ecology
Objectives:
Identify and describe
the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical
cycle.
Explain the impact
that humans have on
the biogeochemical
cycles.
this presentation is all about the biogeochemical cycle. but sadly, i only include the Water Cycle and Carbon cycle because I were assign to present this in front of my classmates.
I hope I can help you all regarding this topic. that's all thank you . Like. Comment and Share tHanks. ! Godbless y'll. :)
This is the lesson - 2 of the course; 'Foundation of Environmental Management' taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
In Earth science, a biogeochemical cycle or substance turnover or cycling of substances is a pathway by which a chemical substance moves through both the biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) components of Earth.
This PowerPoint was one very small part of my Ecology Interactions Unit from the website http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html .This unit includes a 3 part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint loaded with activities, project ideas, critical class notes (red slides), review opportunities, challenge questions with answers, 3 PowerPoint review games (125 slides each) and much more. A bundled homework package and detailed unit notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow.
Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit: Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere, Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance, Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of Invasive Exotic Species. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thank you again and best wishes.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Bio 107 General Ecology
Objectives:
Identify and describe
the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical
cycle.
Explain the impact
that humans have on
the biogeochemical
cycles.
this presentation is all about the biogeochemical cycle. but sadly, i only include the Water Cycle and Carbon cycle because I were assign to present this in front of my classmates.
I hope I can help you all regarding this topic. that's all thank you . Like. Comment and Share tHanks. ! Godbless y'll. :)
This is the lesson - 2 of the course; 'Foundation of Environmental Management' taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
In Earth science, a biogeochemical cycle or substance turnover or cycling of substances is a pathway by which a chemical substance moves through both the biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) components of Earth.
This PowerPoint was one very small part of my Ecology Interactions Unit from the website http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html .This unit includes a 3 part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint loaded with activities, project ideas, critical class notes (red slides), review opportunities, challenge questions with answers, 3 PowerPoint review games (125 slides each) and much more. A bundled homework package and detailed unit notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow.
Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit: Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere, Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance, Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of Invasive Exotic Species. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thank you again and best wishes.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Introduction,Definition, Cycling elements, Types of biogeochemical cycle- Gaseous cycle and sedimentary cycle Nitrogen cycle, steps of Nitrogen cycle- Nitrogen fixation, Nitrification, Assimilation Ammonification, and Denitrification and ecological function of nitrogen, use of nitrogen cycle phosphorus cycle, steps of phosphorus cycle, biological functions of phosphorus cycle and other functions of phosphorus and conclusion
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A presentation on biogeochemistry and its history. It also includes the basic biogeochemical cycle of the ocean and its diagram. The importance of the cycle.
A brief concept of a system is presented, fundamentals on the formation of the Earth's atmosphere chemical composition is explained under the perspective of a systemic approach.
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2. Objectives:Objectives:
Identify and describe the flow of nutrients inIdentify and describe the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical cycle.each biogeochemical cycle.
Explain the impact that humans have on theExplain the impact that humans have on the
biogeochemical cycles.biogeochemical cycles.
3. Chapter Overview QuestionsChapter Overview Questions
What happens to energy in an ecosystem?What happens to energy in an ecosystem?
What happens to matter in an ecosystem?What happens to matter in an ecosystem?
4. What Sustains Life on Earth?What Sustains Life on Earth?
Solar energy,Solar energy,
the cycling ofthe cycling of
matter, andmatter, and
gravity sustaingravity sustain
the earth’s life.the earth’s life.
Figure 3-7Figure 3-7
5. Two Secrets of Survival: Energy FlowTwo Secrets of Survival: Energy Flow
and Matter Recycleand Matter Recycle
An ecosystemAn ecosystem
survives by asurvives by a
combination ofcombination of
energy flow andenergy flow and
matter recycling.matter recycling.
Figure 3-14Figure 3-14
6. MATTER CYCLING INMATTER CYCLING IN
ECOSYSTEMSECOSYSTEMS
Nutrient Cycles: Global RecyclingNutrient Cycles: Global Recycling
Global Cycles recycle nutrients through theGlobal Cycles recycle nutrients through the
earth’s air, land, water, and living organisms.earth’s air, land, water, and living organisms.
Nutrients are the elements and compounds thatNutrients are the elements and compounds that
organisms need to live, grow, and reproduce.organisms need to live, grow, and reproduce.
Biogeochemical cycles move these substancesBiogeochemical cycles move these substances
through air, water, soil, rock and living organisms.through air, water, soil, rock and living organisms.
7. Objectives:Objectives:
Identify and describe the flow of nutrients inIdentify and describe the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical cycle.each biogeochemical cycle.
Explain the impact that humans have on theExplain the impact that humans have on the
biogeochemical cycles.biogeochemical cycles.
8. Water’ Unique PropertiesWater’ Unique Properties
There are strong forces of attraction betweenThere are strong forces of attraction between
molecules of water.molecules of water.
Water exists as a liquid over a wideWater exists as a liquid over a wide
temperature range.temperature range.
Liquid water changes temperature slowly.Liquid water changes temperature slowly.
It takes a large amount of energy for water toIt takes a large amount of energy for water to
evaporate.evaporate.
Liquid water can dissolve a variety ofLiquid water can dissolve a variety of
compounds.compounds.
Water expands when it freezes.Water expands when it freezes.
9. Fig. 3-26, p. 72
PrecipitationPrecipitation
Transpiration
Condensation
Evaporation
Ocean storage
Transpiration
from plants
Precipitation
to land
Groundwater movement (slow)
Evaporation
from land Evaporation
from ocean Precipitation
to ocean
Infiltration and
Percolation
Rain clouds
Runoff
Surface runoff
(rapid)
Surface
runoff
(rapid)
10. Effects of Human ActivitiesEffects of Human Activities
on Water Cycleon Water Cycle
We alter the water cycle by:We alter the water cycle by:
Withdrawing large amounts of freshwater.Withdrawing large amounts of freshwater.
Clearing vegetation and eroding soils.Clearing vegetation and eroding soils.
Polluting surface and underground water.Polluting surface and underground water.
Contributing to climate change.Contributing to climate change.
11. Objectives:Objectives:
Identify and describe the flow of nutrients inIdentify and describe the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical cycle.each biogeochemical cycle.
Explain the impact that humans have on theExplain the impact that humans have on the
biogeochemical cycles.biogeochemical cycles.
12. What Sustains Life on Earth?What Sustains Life on Earth?
Solar energy,Solar energy,
the cycling ofthe cycling of
matter, andmatter, and
gravity sustaingravity sustain
the earth’s life.the earth’s life.
Figure 3-7Figure 3-7
15. Effects of Human ActivitiesEffects of Human Activities
on Carbon Cycleon Carbon Cycle
We alter theWe alter the
carbon cycle bycarbon cycle by
adding excess COadding excess CO22
to the atmosphereto the atmosphere
through:through:
Burning fossil fuels.Burning fossil fuels.
Clearing vegetationClearing vegetation
faster than it isfaster than it is
replaced.replaced.
Figure 3-28Figure 3-28
16. Objectives:Objectives:
Identify and describe the flow of nutrients inIdentify and describe the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical cycle.each biogeochemical cycle.
Explain the impact that humans have on theExplain the impact that humans have on the
biogeochemical cycles.biogeochemical cycles.
17. What Sustains Life on Earth?
• Solar energy,
the cycling of
matter, and
gravity sustain
the earth’s life.
Figure 3-7Figure 3-7
18.
19.
20. Effects of Human ActivitiesEffects of Human Activities
on the Nitrogen Cycleon the Nitrogen Cycle
We alter the nitrogen cycle by:We alter the nitrogen cycle by:
Adding gases that contribute to acid rain.Adding gases that contribute to acid rain.
Adding nitrous oxide to the atmosphere throughAdding nitrous oxide to the atmosphere through
farming practices which can warm thefarming practices which can warm the
atmosphere and deplete ozone.atmosphere and deplete ozone.
Contaminating ground water from nitrate ions inContaminating ground water from nitrate ions in
inorganic fertilizers.inorganic fertilizers.
Releasing nitrogen into the troposphere throughReleasing nitrogen into the troposphere through
deforestation.deforestation.
21. Effects of Human ActivitiesEffects of Human Activities
on the Nitrogen Cycleon the Nitrogen Cycle
Human activitiesHuman activities
such assuch as
production ofproduction of
fertilizers now fixfertilizers now fix
more nitrogenmore nitrogen
than all naturalthan all natural
sourcessources
combined.combined.
Figure 3-30Figure 3-30
22. Objectives:Objectives:
Identify and describe the flow of nutrients inIdentify and describe the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical cycle.each biogeochemical cycle.
Explain the impact that humans have on theExplain the impact that humans have on the
biogeochemical cycles.biogeochemical cycles.
23. What Sustains Life on Earth?
• Solar energy,
the cycling of
matter, and
gravity sustain
the earth’s life.
Figure 3-7Figure 3-7
24. Fig. 3-31, p. 77
Dissolved
in Ocean
Water
Marine Sediments Rocks
uplifting over
geologic time
settling out weatheringsedimentation
Land
Food
Webs
Dissolved
in Soil Water,
Lakes, Rivers
death,
decomposition
uptake by
autotrophs
agriculture
leaching, runoff
uptake by
autotrophs
excretion
death,
decomposition
mining Fertilizer
weathering
Guano
Marine
Food
Webs
25. Effects of Human ActivitiesEffects of Human Activities
on the Phosphorous Cycleon the Phosphorous Cycle
We remove large amounts of phosphate fromWe remove large amounts of phosphate from
the earth to make fertilizer.the earth to make fertilizer.
We reduce phosphorous in tropical soils byWe reduce phosphorous in tropical soils by
clearing forests.clearing forests.
We add excess phosphates to aquaticWe add excess phosphates to aquatic
systems from runoff of animal wastes andsystems from runoff of animal wastes and
fertilizers.fertilizers.
26. Objectives:Objectives:
Identify and describe the flow of nutrients inIdentify and describe the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical cycle.each biogeochemical cycle.
Explain the impact that humans have on theExplain the impact that humans have on the
biogeochemical cycles.biogeochemical cycles.
27. What Sustains Life on Earth?What Sustains Life on Earth?
Solar energy,Solar energy,
the cycling ofthe cycling of
matter, andmatter, and
gravity sustaingravity sustain
the earth’s life.the earth’s life.
Figure 3-7Figure 3-7
29. Effects of Human ActivitiesEffects of Human Activities
on the Sulfur Cycleon the Sulfur Cycle
We add sulfur dioxide to the atmosphere by:We add sulfur dioxide to the atmosphere by:
Burning coal and oilBurning coal and oil
Refining sulfur containing petroleum.Refining sulfur containing petroleum.
Convert sulfur-containing metallic ores into freeConvert sulfur-containing metallic ores into free
metals such as copper, lead, and zinc releasingmetals such as copper, lead, and zinc releasing
sulfur dioxide into the environment.sulfur dioxide into the environment.
30. The Gaia Hypothesis:The Gaia Hypothesis:
Is the Earth Alive?Is the Earth Alive?
Some have proposed that the earth’s variousSome have proposed that the earth’s various
forms of life control or at least influence itsforms of life control or at least influence its
chemical cycles and other earth-sustainingchemical cycles and other earth-sustaining
processes.processes.
The strong Gaia hypothesis: lifeThe strong Gaia hypothesis: life controlscontrols thethe
earth’s life-sustaining processes.earth’s life-sustaining processes.
The weak Gaia hypothesis: lifeThe weak Gaia hypothesis: life influencesinfluences thethe
earth’s life-sustaining processes.earth’s life-sustaining processes.
31. What do you think?What do you think?
Does life on earth control earth’s life-Does life on earth control earth’s life-
sustaining processes or does life merelysustaining processes or does life merely
influence these life-sustaining process?influence these life-sustaining process?
FRQ Format.FRQ Format.
32. Objectives:Objectives:
Identify and describe the flow of nutrients inIdentify and describe the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical cycle.each biogeochemical cycle.
Explain the impact that humans have on theExplain the impact that humans have on the
biogeochemical cycles.biogeochemical cycles.
Editor's Notes
Figure 3.26 Natural capital: simplified model of the hydrologic cycle.
Figure 3.32 Natural capital: simplified model of the sulfur cycle. The movement of sulfur compounds in living organisms is shown in green, blue in aquatic systems, and orange in the atmosphere. QUESTION: What are three ways in which your lifestyle directly or indirectly affects the sulfur cycle?