This Presentation Contains:
Defintion of Biodiversity
Importance
Factors Militating Against Biodiversity
Why we should conserve Biodiversity
and
How to improve Biodiversity Conservation
Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth.
Biodiversity provides -food, shelter, medicine and industrial raw materials.
Biodiversity maintains the health of the earth and its people.
Biodiversity is an ecological asset to human beings.
Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth.
Biodiversity provides -food, shelter, medicine and industrial raw materials.
Biodiversity maintains the health of the earth and its people.
Biodiversity is an ecological asset to human beings.
Lecture note on Biodiversity conservationTalemos Seta
Describes about the concept, scope, definition of Biodiversity, threats of biodiversity, centre of Origin/diversity, Biodiversity hotspots, strartegies of BD conservation
threats to biodiversity, conservation of aquatic biodiversity, conservation of terrestrial biodiversity, what is biodiversity, biodiversity of India, conservation of biodiversity
Hello. I am Kripa Thapa Magar, Public Health Professional. This slide was prepared when I was in BPH 4th semester, National Open College as an assignment of environmental health subject by compiling information from different sources.
Wildlife management techniques and methods of wildlife conservationAnish Gawande
Wildlife Conservation is the practice of protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitat. Wildlife plays an important role in balancing the environment and provides stability to different natural processes of nature. The goal of wildlife conservation is to ensure that nature will be around for future generations to enjoy and also to recognize the importance of wildlife and wilderness for humans and other species alike. Many nations have government agencies and NGO's dedicated to wildlife conservation, which help to implement policies designed to protect wildlife. Numerous independent non-profit organizations also promote various wildlife conservation causes.
Wildlife conservation has become an increasingly important practice due to the negative effects of human activity on wildlife. An endangered species is defined as a population of a living species that is in the danger of becoming extinct because the species has a very low or falling population, or because they are threatened by the varying environmental or prepositional parameters.
IUCN is a globally important organisation for the conservation of nature and its resources. It is well known for Red data book. the species of organisms around the globe is grouped into several categories according to their need for conservation.
Lecture note on Biodiversity conservationTalemos Seta
Describes about the concept, scope, definition of Biodiversity, threats of biodiversity, centre of Origin/diversity, Biodiversity hotspots, strartegies of BD conservation
threats to biodiversity, conservation of aquatic biodiversity, conservation of terrestrial biodiversity, what is biodiversity, biodiversity of India, conservation of biodiversity
Hello. I am Kripa Thapa Magar, Public Health Professional. This slide was prepared when I was in BPH 4th semester, National Open College as an assignment of environmental health subject by compiling information from different sources.
Wildlife management techniques and methods of wildlife conservationAnish Gawande
Wildlife Conservation is the practice of protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitat. Wildlife plays an important role in balancing the environment and provides stability to different natural processes of nature. The goal of wildlife conservation is to ensure that nature will be around for future generations to enjoy and also to recognize the importance of wildlife and wilderness for humans and other species alike. Many nations have government agencies and NGO's dedicated to wildlife conservation, which help to implement policies designed to protect wildlife. Numerous independent non-profit organizations also promote various wildlife conservation causes.
Wildlife conservation has become an increasingly important practice due to the negative effects of human activity on wildlife. An endangered species is defined as a population of a living species that is in the danger of becoming extinct because the species has a very low or falling population, or because they are threatened by the varying environmental or prepositional parameters.
IUCN is a globally important organisation for the conservation of nature and its resources. It is well known for Red data book. the species of organisms around the globe is grouped into several categories according to their need for conservation.
Application of Remote Sensing in AgricultureUTTAM KUMAR
Remote sensing has been found to be a valuable tool in evaluation, monitoring and management of land, water and crop resources. The launching of the Indian remote sensing satellite (IRS) has enhanced the capabilities for better utilization of this technology and significant progress has been made in soil and land cover mapping, land degradation studies, monitoring of waste land, assessment of crop conditions crop acreage and production estimates
Coastal marsh. Wetlands in the Atchafalaya National Wil.docxmonicafrancis71118
Coastal marsh.
'Wetlands in the
Atchafalaya National
Wildlife Refuge in
Louisiana provide valuable
ecosystem services.
2 Communities and Ecosystems
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Fourth Edition, by Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, and Jane B. Reece. Published by Benjamin Cummings.
Copyright CD, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.
CHAPTER CONTENTS
The Loss of Biodiversity 426
Community Ecology 428
Ecosystem Ecology 437
Conservation and Restoration Biology 444
CHAPTER THREAD
Biodiversity in Decline
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY
Why Biodiversity Matters 425
THE PROCESS OF SCIENCE
How Does Tropical Forest Fragmentation
Affect Biodiversity? 446
EVOLUTION CONNECTION
Can Biophilia Save Biodiversity? 448
Biodiversity in Decline BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY
Why Biodiversity Matters
As the human population has expanded, hundreds of species have become extinct and thou-
sands more are threatened with extinction. These changes represent a loss in biological di-
versity, or biodiversity. Biodiversity loss goes hand in hand with the disappearance of natural
ecosystems. Only about a quarter of Earth's land surfaces remain untouched by human altera-
tions. We see the evidence of our impact on natural ecosystems every day. We live and work
in altered landscapes. And though we may be less aware of it, our impact on the oceans is also
extensive.
What is the value of biodiversity? Most people appreciate the direct benefits provided by
certain ecosystems. For example, you probably know that we use resources—such as water,
wood, and fish—that come from natural or near-natural ecosystems. These resources have
economic value, as the massive 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico dramatically demonstrated.
Billions of dollars were lost by fishing, recreation, and other industries as a result of the di-
saster. But human well-being also depends on less obvious services that healthy ecosystems
provide. The coastal wetlands affected by the Gulf oil spill normally act as a buffer against hur-
ricanes, reduce the impact of flooding, and filter pollutants. The wetlands also furnish nesting
sites for birds and marine turtles and breeding areas and nurseries for a wide variety of fish
and shellfish. Natural ecosystems provide other services as well—such as recycling nutrients,
preventing erosion and mudslides, controlling agricultural pests, and pollinating crops. Some
scientists have attempted to assign an economic value to these benefits. They arrived at an
average annual value of ecosystem services of $33 trillion, almost twice the global gross
national product for the year they published their results. Although rough, these estimates
make the important point that we cannot afford to take biodiversity for granted.
In this chapter, we'll examine the interactions among organisms and how those relation-
ships determine the features of communities. On a larger scale, we'll explore the dynamics
of ecosystems. Finally, we'll consi.
Biodiversity- National and Global status, Hotspots of biodiversity Endangered and endemic species, Extinction, Significance, Causes, Levels of biodiversity, IUCN categories of threat, Red Data Book - advantages and disadvantages, local plants diversity of haryana, Biodiversity concepts, principles of conservation and strategies, major approaches to management, Protected areas network- wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves.
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Biodiversity ”” the variety of all life, from genes and species to ecosystems ”” is intimately linked to Earth’s climate and, inevitably, to climate change. Biodiversity and poverty are also inextricably connected. For instance, changes to natural ecosystems influence both climate change and people’s ability to cope with some of its damaging impacts. And in their turn climate change, as well as people’s responses to it, affect biodiversity. Unpicking all these strands clearly shows that conserving and managing biodiversity can help natural systems and vulnerable people cope with a shifting global climate. Yet compared to activities such as forest conservation and afforestation ”” widely noted as a way of sequestering carbon and cutting greenhouse gas emissions ”” biodiversity conservation is a neglected area. That must change urgent support is needed for local solutions to biodiversity loss that provide benefits on all counts. Dr. Anju Pathak "Affect of Climate Change on Biodiversity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56209.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/56209/affect-of-climate-change-on-biodiversity/dr-anju-pathak
Mismanagement of Natural Resources: States, businesses and communitiesEric Kumeh Mensah
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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2. Presentation Outline
Definition and origin of biodiversity
Components of biodiversity
Gene diversity
Species diversity
Ecosystem diversity
Benefits of biodiversity
Economic benefits
Ecological and environmental benefits
Aesthetic and scientific benefits
Factors militating against biodiversity
Population growth
Climate change and global warming
Deforestation
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3. Presentation Outline(Cont.)
Factors militating against biodiversity
Species Introduction
Global Warming and Climate Change
Pollution
Definition of Conservation and Biodiversity
Conservation
Why Biodiversity Conservation
The Way Forward
Policy and Legislation
Education
Restoring Ecosystems
The Role of Natural Resource of Management
Did You Know?
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5. Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth and
the essential interdependence of all living
things (species).
The term was coined by
Edward O. Wilson amongst
others, as an ecological
concept to include all the
living organisms of a given
system, from the monera
to the trees, annelids to
mammals.
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6. Components of Biodiversity
Genetic Variety
Differences in inheritable characteristics that
are present in a population
Chihuahua
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Beagle
Rottweilers
7. Species Variety
Species is a particular type
of organism or population
of organisms which share
some characteristics and
can interbred to produce a
fertile offspring
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8. Ecosystem Variety
An ecosystem is made up of interacting
populations and the abiotic factors that
support them.
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10. Medicine
Every species that
goes extinct
represents one lost
opportunity to find a
cure for
cancer, hepatitis &
HIV/AIDS.
Rosy periwinkle
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12. Environmental & Ecological Benefits
Protection from floods
and droughts
Stable ecosystems with
adequate trees help
regulate the water cycle
by acting as temporal
sinks.
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13. Soil Fertility Sustenance
Micro-organism
and macroorganism
activities aerate
soils.
Nutrient cycling
by deep rooted
trees
Earthworm in soils
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14. Aesthetic Benefits
Biophilia; human love for and attachment to
other living things; ―the connections that human
beings subconsciously seek out with the rest of
life‖:
Keeping of pets
Valuing real estate
with landscape views
Interest in escaping
cities to go hiking,
birding, fishing,
hunting,
backpacking, etc.
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16. Factors Militating Against Biodiversity
Population Growth
7 billion people who
need to be fed.
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17. Overexploitation of Resources
Extraction of flora
and fauna
resources beyond
sustainable
thresholds
Deforestation
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18. Global Warming and Climate Change
Emissions of ―greenhouse
gases‖ are causing
temperatures to warm
worldwide, increasing the
frequency of extreme
weather events.
Polar bear on melting ice
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19. Species Introduction
Accidental or intentional
introduction of exotic
species to new areas.
Most do not establish
or expand, but some
do—likely because
they are ―released‖
from limitations
imposed by their
native
predators, parasites,
and competitors.
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Japanese Kudzu
21. Pollution
Air and water pollution;
agricultural runoff, industrial
chemicals.
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22. Pollution (cont.)
Eutrophication
Eutrophication occurs
when fertilizers,
animal wastes, sewage,
or other substances
rich in nitrogen and
phosphorus flow into
waterways, causing
extensive algae
growth.
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23. Pollution (cont.)
Acid Rains
Sulfur and nitrogen compounds react
with water and other substances in the
air to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
Acid precipitation removes
calcium, potassium, and
other nutrients from the
soil, depriving plants of
these nutrients.
It damages plant tissue
and slows their growth.
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24. Pollution (cont.)
Biological magnification
Biological
magnification is the
increasing
concentration of toxic
substances in
organisms as trophic
levels increase in a
food chain or food
web.
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25. Conservation
Conservation is an ethic of use, allocation and
protection of valued resources.
Biodiversity Conservation implies the
use, allocation and protection of the variety of
flora and fauna resources in a manner that
ensures the sustainability of these resources.
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27. Why Biodiversity Conservation?
2. Prevents extinction of species
30 per cent of
amphibians, 23 per
cent of mammals
and 12 per cent of
birds are
threatened (IUCN
2006).
DODO BIRD
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30. The Way Forward
Policy and Legislation
Policy is a proposed or
adopted course of action that
guide decision to obtain
rational outcomes.
Legislation proclamation
of laws by a recognized
institution.
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31. The Way Forward
Conventions, Protocols & Treaties
Trade Record
Analysis of Flora
and Fauna in
Commerce
(TRAFFIC)
Cartagena
Protocol on
Biosafety
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33. The Way Forward
Restoring Ecosystems
Bioremediation
The use of living organisms, such as
prokaryotes, fungi, or plants, to detoxify or
remove pollutants.
Technologies can be generally classified as in
situ or ex situ.
Oleispira antarctica
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34. The Way Forward
Biological Augmentation
Adding natural predators to
a degraded ecosystem is
called biological
augmentation.
Ladybugs can be introduced
into an ecosystem to
control aphid populations.
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39. Did You Know?
Bamboo can grow up to three feet in a 24 hour
period.
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40. Did You Know?
According to UN Food and Agriculture
Organization estimates, 100 crop species
supply 90 percent of the world's food and bees
pollinate more than 70% of these crops!
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41. Did You Know?
As estimated by the IUCN, 50 percent of all
endangered species live in the rainforest. The
planet’s largest rainforest –The Amazon – lost
more than 17 percent of its forest cover in the
last century due to human activity.
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42. Did You Know?
Grasshopper Mouse uses Scorpion Venom as a
―Painkiller‖
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44. References
Admiraal, J.F., Wossink, A., de Groot, W.T., de Snoo,
G.R., 2013. More than total economic value: how to
combine economic valuation of biodiversity with
ecological resilience. Ecol. Econ. 89, 115–122.
Bai, Y., Zhuang, C., Ouyang, Z., Zheng, H., Jiang, B.,
2011. Spatial characteristics between biodiversity and
ecosystem services in a human-dominated watershed.
Ecol. Complexity 8, 177–183.
Dunne, J.A., Williams, R.J., 2009. Cascading extinctions
and community collapse in model food webs. Philos.
Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B-Biol. Sci. 364, 1711–1723.
Egoh, B.N., Reyers, B., Carwardine, J., Bode, M.,
O’Farrell, P.J., Wilson, K.A., Possingham, H.P., Rouget,
M., De Lange, W., Richardson, D.M., Cowling, R.M., 2010.
Safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services in the
little karoo, South Africa. Conserv. Biol. 24, 1021–1030.
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45. References Cont’d
Haines-Young, R., Potschin, M., 2013. Common
International Classification of Ecosystem Services
(CICES): Consultation on Version 4, August-December
2012. EEA Framework, Contract No EEA/IEA/09/003.
Reyers, B., Polasky, S., Tallis, H., Mooney, H.A., Larigau
derie, A., 2012. Finding common ground for
biodiversity and ecosystem services. Bioscience
62, 503–507.
Tscharntke, T., Klein, A.M., Kruess, A., SteffanDewenter, I., Thies, C., 2005. Landscape perspectives
on agricultural intensification and biodiversity –
ecosystem service management. Ecol. Lett. 8, 857–874.
Salles, J.-M., 2011. Valuing biodiversity and ecosystem
services: why put economic values on nature? C.R.
Biol. 334, 469–482.
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