Biodiesel is a renewable fuel made through a chemical process called transesterification that uses vegetable oils, animal fats or algae as feedstock. It is biodegradable, renewable and produces lower greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuels. Biodiesel can be used in pure form or blended with petroleum diesel in most engines. While it provides benefits like rural employment and energy security, biodiesel also faces constraints including higher fuel consumption and feedstock competition with food.
Biofuels technology can be defined as application of feedstocks in a sequence of processes leading to the production of different biofuel types. Biofuels processes are either natural or chemical stages of an industrial or pilot project development leading to the final production of biofuels.
Various Types of Biofuel
Wood. This is the most basic form of fuel that is derived from organic matter. ...
Biogas. This is the gaseous form of biofuels. ...
Biodiesel. This biofuel is liquid in nature.
Ethanol
Methanol.
Butanol.
Uses of Biofuels
Heating. Primary biofuels – or materials that are still in their raw state, without processing or treatment – are a common form of heating homes in developing countries where no alternative fuel source is available. ...
Transport. ...
Aviation. ...
Lubrication. ...
Oil clean-up operations.
hird generation biofuels are also known as “algae fuel” or “oilage” since they are produced from the algae. Algae leads to the production of all types of bio-fuels such as biodiseal, gasoline, butanol, propanol and ethanol with high yield, approximately 10 times higher than the second generation biofuel
Biofuels technology can be defined as application of feedstocks in a sequence of processes leading to the production of different biofuel types. Biofuels processes are either natural or chemical stages of an industrial or pilot project development leading to the final production of biofuels.
Various Types of Biofuel
Wood. This is the most basic form of fuel that is derived from organic matter. ...
Biogas. This is the gaseous form of biofuels. ...
Biodiesel. This biofuel is liquid in nature.
Ethanol
Methanol.
Butanol.
Uses of Biofuels
Heating. Primary biofuels – or materials that are still in their raw state, without processing or treatment – are a common form of heating homes in developing countries where no alternative fuel source is available. ...
Transport. ...
Aviation. ...
Lubrication. ...
Oil clean-up operations.
hird generation biofuels are also known as “algae fuel” or “oilage” since they are produced from the algae. Algae leads to the production of all types of bio-fuels such as biodiseal, gasoline, butanol, propanol and ethanol with high yield, approximately 10 times higher than the second generation biofuel
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A powerpoint presentation on biofuels . Application , manufacture , advantages and disadvantages of biofuels also included . Presentation based on sustainable devolopment . A useful powerpoint presentation for engineering students . GO GREEN . Thank you .
Starch-based feedstocks encompass grains like corn and wheat and tubers such as (sweet) potatoes and cassava. These feedstocks are rich in intricate chains of sugar molecules, making them readily convertible into fermentable sugars. These sugars can then undergo conversion into ethanol or drop-in fuels. Also, the fibrous components of these plants, such as wheat straw or corn stover, hold the potential for transformation into advanced Biofuel Industry, as seen in the case of cellulosic ethanol production.
What It Is and How It Is Made
Learn the basics of biodiesel including biodiesel markets and benefits, production technologies, quality control, distribution and storage issues. A replay of the actual lecture can be found at: www.pccbusiness.com/green
Zero waste water treatment and biofuel productioniqraakbar8
A number of studies have reported successful cultivation of several species of microalgae such as Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Phormidium, Botryococcus, Chlamydomonas, and Arthrospira for wastewater treatment and the efficacy of this method is promising
it covers various types of bioenergy and also contains various energy yielding technologies. it shows the bioenergy scenerio in India.it also shows various activities and programmes related with bioenergy
A powerpoint presentation on biofuels . Application , manufacture , advantages and disadvantages of biofuels also included . Presentation based on sustainable devolopment . A useful powerpoint presentation for engineering students . GO GREEN . Thank you .
Starch-based feedstocks encompass grains like corn and wheat and tubers such as (sweet) potatoes and cassava. These feedstocks are rich in intricate chains of sugar molecules, making them readily convertible into fermentable sugars. These sugars can then undergo conversion into ethanol or drop-in fuels. Also, the fibrous components of these plants, such as wheat straw or corn stover, hold the potential for transformation into advanced Biofuel Industry, as seen in the case of cellulosic ethanol production.
What It Is and How It Is Made
Learn the basics of biodiesel including biodiesel markets and benefits, production technologies, quality control, distribution and storage issues. A replay of the actual lecture can be found at: www.pccbusiness.com/green
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students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
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biodiesel.pdf
1.
2. It is a renewable and natural domestic fuel extracted
from animal fats or vegetable oils, mostly from
• Soya bean
• Rapeseed
• Jatropha
• Palm oil
Biodiesel is a general name given for methyl esters
obtained from organic feedstock.
3. It is biodegradable, renewable and nontoxic in nature.
Extremely low emission of greenhouse gases as compared
to fossil fuels.
Increase in trade balance (Indian perspective) due to lesser
dependence on foreign resources.
Promoting environmental protection & energy security in
the country.
4. Meeting climate change commitments.
Growing variety of crops increases bio diversity.
Promoting renewable energy sources.
Generating rural employment opportunities.
5. Biodiesel is produced from vegetable oils or animal fats
and an alcohol, through a transesterification reaction.
Stages of Transesterification:
Treatment of raw material
Alcohol catalyst mixing
Chemical reaction
Separation of reaction products
Purification of reaction products
6. Transesterification is a chemical reaction where
triglyceride is reacted with alcohol in the presence of
catalyst to produce alkyl esters.
Vegetable Oil Biodiesel
Fatty Acid
Alcohol
Glycerin
9. Plants are able to produce seeds between 1 and 5 years
depending on soil fertility and rainfall, and continue to
produce seeds for more than 20 years.
Seed yield under cultivation can range from 1,500 to
2,000 kg per hectare.
The seeds contain average 34.4% oil by weight that can
be processed to produce a high quality biodiesel fuel.
10. The yield of biodiesel per hectare for Jatropha is more
than four times as much fuel per hectare as soybean,
and up to ten times to that of corn.
11. Blending is the process of
mixing of biodiesel fuel with
petroleum-based diesel fuel ,
designated as BXX.
where XX is the volume
percent of biodiesel.
12. Biodiesel can be used as pure form (B100) or mixed
with diesel in all new diesel engines.
For older engines produced before 1993 some
modification is required as rubber made valves caps
and pipes dissolves in biodiesel.
13. Hydrogen fuel cell
• Microreactor to produce hydrogen stream for HFC.
Cleaning up Oil Spills
• Cytosol used to clean and dissolve crude oil spills.
Generating electricity
• Backup generator using B100.
Home Heating
• B20 reduces emission of SOx emissions from boilers used to
heat home.
14.
15. Slightly higher fuel consumption due to the lower
calorific value of biodiesel.
Slightly higher nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions than
diesel fuel.
Higher freezing point than diesel fuel. This may be
inconvenient in cold climates.
It is less stable than diesel fuel, and therefore long-term
storage (more than six months) of biodiesel is not
recommended.
16. Environmental Constraints
A considerable debate exists over the magnitude of
direct and indirect GHG emissions from biofuels.
The intensive cultivation of energy crops is expected to
produce adverse environmental impacts on soil and
groundwater, and to result in deforestation and loss of
biodiversity.
17. Trade Constraints
First generation biofuels are rarely economically
competitive with petroleum fuels.
Rising demand for vegetable oil, under pressure from
the biofuel mandate, has resulted in a rapid increase in
vegetable oil prices with negative impacts on biofuel
costs and food prices.
18. Food security Constraints
Biofuel feedstock production competes with food, fibre
and timber for land, water and fertilizers.
This competition could affect food security.
Demand for feedstock crops such as maize and
sugarcane has contributed significantly to global food
price volatility, especially in grain markets.
19. As there appears to be a general agreement that the era
of cheap oil’ has ended, it is essential for India to look
for alternative (renewable fuel) options such as biofuels
(Biodiesel and Bioethanol) to provide energy security
and environment protection.