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Biodiesel production from algae
This document discusses biodiesel production from algae. It begins by listing the group members and their student IDs working on the project. It then provides classifications of different energy sources and types of biofuels such as biodiesel and ethanol. The document discusses the benefits of algae biodiesel including higher oil yields from algae per acre than traditional crops, adaptability to grow in different environments without competing for food sources, and ability to capture carbon dioxide. It provides details on how to produce biodiesel from algae through cultivating algae, extracting the oil, and processing it through transesterification. Finally, it estimates the cost of a pilot biodiesel from algae project to be approximately 20,
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Biodiesel production from algae
- 2. Biodiesel production from algae Groupmembers Shafiq uz zaman 2011-ch-379 Hamid Mukhtar 2011-ch-373 Zain ul shahidin 2011-ch-337 Kalim ahmed 2011-ch-376
- 3. Classification of energy ENERGYSOURCE Non Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Solar Wind Traditional Alternative Hydro Oil Nuclear Ocean Gas Tar Sands Geothermal Coal Oil Shale Biomass Gas Hydrates
- 4. Biofuels Biodiesel • Substitute for petrodiesel Ethanol •Subsitute for gasoline Less common types: • Biobutanol • Synfuel
- 5. Why the InterestIn Biodiesel? Renewable Resource with the largest potential to get us off the foreign oil supply National Energy Security is an achievable goal with Algae Oil Environmental Enhancement through Zero Sulfur and the sequestration of CO2 Economics & Job Creation through keeping the production of fuels inside the Pakistan
- 6. Introduction to algaefuels Microalgae • Contains oil • Processed for biodiesel production Macroalgae • Composed of starch and cellulose • Processed for ethanol production
- 7. Algae Oil yieldCompared to other Feedstocks Comparative Yields Soy Bean 50-65 Gallons Per Acre Per Year Camelina 150-400 Gallons Per Acre Per Year Palm 400-700 Gallons Per Acre Per Year Algae 2,000 to 20,000+ ?? Gallons Per Acre Per Year
- 8. Uniqueness of algaefuels Higher oil yield Lesser land requirement food vs. fuel Algae fuels Adaptability Range of products WWT & CO2 capture
- 9. Lesser land requirement Algae is capable of producing 30 times more oil per acre than the current crops now utilized for the production of biofuels. Algae could produce up to 94,000 liters of oil per acre, shrinking land requirements
- 10. Adaptability to arange of environment Grown under conditions which are unsuitable for conventional crop production (marine water, wastewater, open ponds)
- 11. Solve the foodversus fuel problem Does not compete directly with crops grown for food Algae can make use of marine and waster water Some algae can be grown in desert regions Some algae can be grown in ocean environment Does not require expensive nutrients for growing
- 12. A wide rangeof fuel products Biodiesel Ethanol Algae Methane Hydrogen
- 13. Integrated with CO2capture
- 14. Additional Algae OilBenefits: Can be Grown anywhere Non-polluting Zero Sulfur Releases Oxygen (can be captured and sold) Eats CO2 (a potentially valuable GHG offset) After the Oil is extracted the remaining presscake (BioMass) is a highly valuable product
- 15. How Does AlgaeProduce Oil? Algae is a single cell organism Algae feeds on the Hydrogen from the H2O and the Carbon from the CO2 and through the process of photosynthesis produces Hydrocarbon Chains and releases Oxygen Most strains of the Green and Green-Blue Algae can double their mass every 24hour growing cycle Different strains of Algae produce Algae Oil with slightly different hydrocarbon chains
- 16. How to obtainfuel from algae? Picking up the best algae Growing the algae Harvesting Generating the fuel product
- 17. Choosing an Algae Important characteristics of Algae High % of total biomass is oil Maintains a high % of oil even under stress Compatible with our regional climate
- 18. Where To GrowIt Extensions onto our water treatment plants Clean up our waste and generate fuel Agriculture runoff Exploit the county’s many farms and vineyards Water ponds Algae could well grow on salty water as well as soft water
- 19. How Is AlgaeGrown? There are 3 methodologies that are currently being used to grow Algae – with a wide number of variations! :
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- 26. 2nd vertical systems(Vertigrow’s, Hanging Bags)
- 27. 3rd Closed systems(photo bioreactor) TubularPBR Also referred as Photo bioreactors(PBR) Flat plate PBR
- 28. Bio reactor Bioreactorsprovide fast growth of algae with the high contents of oil. Considerably reduces expenditures of labor & eliminates complexities in service. The system can work during long periods without destruction of culture. Light in a reactor is taken as much as it considerably increases its productivity. Self-cleaning Reactors represent closed, controlled, automated systems.
- 29. The technological circuitof installation of a bioreactor
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- 31. There are threewell-known methods to extract the oil from oilseeds, and these methods should apply equally well for algae too: 1. Expeller/Press 2. Hexane solvent oil extraction 3. Supercritical Fluid extraction
- 32. 1.Pressing oil fromthe algae Dry the algae and press the oil from it. Can retrieve up to 70% of the oil. While drying must prevent the algae from becoming contaminated. Cheapest and simplest method
- 33. 2.Chemical Oil Extraction Use hexane solvents to remove the oil. Benzene could also be used. Must be careful when using. Removes oil out of almost all things. About 95% of total oil present in algae could be extracted.
- 34. 3.Super Critical OilExtraction Most efficient method. Equipment need special containment and pressure. Can extract almost 100% oil by itself. Uses carbon dioxide at critical pressure and temperature (CO2 is almost a liquid). Rapid diffusion of the oil. Zain qazi
- 35. Product generation viadifferent methods Biodiesel Ethanol Hydrogen Methane Electricity – where algae biomass is directly used for combustion Other hydrocarbon fuel, such as JP-8 fuel, gasoline, biobutanol etc.
- 36. Biodiesel from algae Cultivationof Microalgae species Harvesting of Microalgae Extraction of Oil from Microalgae Transesterification Biodiesel
- 37. Ethanol from algae AlgaeBiomass Fermentation Ethanol
- 38. Hydrogen(H2) from algae Biomass Gasification BiogasFermentation Steam Reformation H2 Dark Fermentation
- 39. Methane from algae AlgaeBiomass Anaerobic digestion Methane
- 40. Conclusion Even withfew challenges taken into consideration, algae biofuel ’s natural advantages look to make it one of the foremost players in the clean energy market Algae biofuel production holds future promise for developing countries. • More jobs • Energy independence
- 41. Cost of thepilot project Aprox 20,000 to 25,000 in pakistani rupees. Which include Algae cultivation requirements Algae drying method Algae oil extraction
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