This document discusses biosensors. It begins by defining a biosensor as an analytical device that combines a biological component with a physiological detector to detect an analyte. It then describes four main types of biosensors: optical, calorimetric/thermal, piezoelectric, and electrochemical. Electrochemical biosensors are further divided into amperometric, conductometric, and potentiometric biosensors. The document provides examples of each type and discusses their working principles and applications, including uses in food analysis, medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and more.

1. Jeypore college of pharmacy
Name: NAKSHETRA BH. NAYAK
B.PHARM 7TH SEMESTER
REGD. NO: 1403268025

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•It is a converter that measures
a physical quantity and converts
it into a signal which can be
read by an observer/instrument
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4. BIOSENSORS
 ANALYTICAL DEVICES
 Used for detection of an ANALYTE,that combines a
biological component with physiological detector.
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4WORKING

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Optical Biosensors
Calorimetric / Thermal Biosensors
Piezoelectric Biosensors
Electrochemical Biosensors
Conductimetric Sensors
Amperemetric Sensors
Potentiometric Sensors

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9Optical Biosensors :
Colorimetric for colour –
Measures change in light
absorption.
Determines the change in light
absorption between reactants and
product of reaction.
Detects –Light output.
Eg- Luciferase enzyme

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Calorimetric Biosensors :
oThermal detection- uses absorption or
production of heat.
oEnzyme will be used for catalysing the
reaction,in which heat is generated.
oTemperature is measured by Enzyme
Thermistors.
Uses –Detection of :
1.Pesticides
2.Pathogenic Bacteria
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Piezoelectric Biosensors
Acoustic Biosensors
Uses Gold – To detect specific angle at which
•electron waves are emitted when the
substance is exposed to laser light/crystals like
Quartz,which vibrates under the influence of an
electric field.
• Change in frequency is directly proportional to
Mass of Absorbed material.
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Electrochemical Biosensors
Principle : Many chemicals reactions produce or
consume ions or electrons which in-turn cause
some change in the electrical properties of the
solution which can be sensed out and used as
measuring parameter.
CLASSIFICATIONS :
Amperometric Biosensors
Conductometric Biosensers
Potentiometric Biosensors
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•Amperometric Biosensors
oHigh sensitivity biosensors
oDetects electro-active species present in the
biological test samples.
oMeasuring parameter – Current /electric
Based on oxidase enzyme that generate H O and consume O .
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Formation of H O can be detected by the help of Pt-
electrode.
Eg : “Glucometer”
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APPLICATIONS of biosensors :
Food analysis
Drug development
Crime detection
Medical diagnosis ( clinical &
laboratory use )
Environmental field monitoring
Industrial process control
Quality control
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19REFERENCE :
https://www.slideshare.net/951384/biosensors-
33317356
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosensor
https://youtube.com/watch?v=4KIPYJdB5Y4

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