1. Aquatic ecosystems provide important ecological and economic services but are poorly understood. Further scientific study could lead to benefits.
2. Human activities like pollution, development, and overfishing are severely degrading aquatic habitats and reducing biodiversity.
3. We can sustain aquatic life by creating protected areas, managing development, reducing pollution, and preventing overfishing.
Hello. I am Kripa Thapa Magar, Public Health Professional. This slide was prepared when I was in BPH 4th semester, National Open College as an assignment of environmental health subject by compiling information from different sources.
loss of biodiversity is the most important in biodiversity and conservation.it is useful to reduce the activities which are responsible for extinction and endangering of living organisms.
Causes of biodiversity loss with particular reference to GhanaAbdul-Baqi Alhassan
The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit in Rio De Janeiro defined biodiversity as “the variability among living organisms from all sources among other things, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems. It is also explained as the variety of life; the different plants, animals and micro-organisms, their genes and the ecosystem of which they are a part.
Biodiversity in Ghana has within the three main bio-geographic zones. So far about 2,974 indigenous plant species, 204 fishes, 728 birds, 225 mammals, 221 species of amphibians and reptiles have been recorded. The species of frogs, 1 lizard and 23 species of butterflies have been reported to be endemic. Animals found in Ghana been grouped as follows: mammals and primate, reptiles and amphibians, aquatic and marine, wetland birds, forest zone birds, savanna zone birds, insects and spiders.
Hello. I am Kripa Thapa Magar, Public Health Professional. This slide was prepared when I was in BPH 4th semester, National Open College as an assignment of environmental health subject by compiling information from different sources.
loss of biodiversity is the most important in biodiversity and conservation.it is useful to reduce the activities which are responsible for extinction and endangering of living organisms.
Causes of biodiversity loss with particular reference to GhanaAbdul-Baqi Alhassan
The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit in Rio De Janeiro defined biodiversity as “the variability among living organisms from all sources among other things, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems. It is also explained as the variety of life; the different plants, animals and micro-organisms, their genes and the ecosystem of which they are a part.
Biodiversity in Ghana has within the three main bio-geographic zones. So far about 2,974 indigenous plant species, 204 fishes, 728 birds, 225 mammals, 221 species of amphibians and reptiles have been recorded. The species of frogs, 1 lizard and 23 species of butterflies have been reported to be endemic. Animals found in Ghana been grouped as follows: mammals and primate, reptiles and amphibians, aquatic and marine, wetland birds, forest zone birds, savanna zone birds, insects and spiders.
This is a presentation prepared by my graduate students of Natural Resources Management, Biodiversity Conservation subject, at Nepal Engineering College of Pokhara University. All "students" are highly experienced foresters with 10-20 years of experience, so the material is firmly grounded in Nepali practice!
This is a presentation prepared by my graduate students of Natural Resources Management, Biodiversity Conservation subject, at Nepal Engineering College of Pokhara University. All "students" are highly experienced foresters with 10-20 years of experience, so the material is firmly grounded in Nepali practice!
Coral reef Threats, conservation and Restoration.pptxVIRENDRA KUMAR
Coral reefs are some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. About 25% of the ocean's fish depend on healthy coral reefs. Unfortunately, coral reef ecosystems are severely threatened. Some threats are natural, such as diseases, predators, and storms. Other threats are caused by people, including pollution, sedimentation, unsustainable fishing practices, and climate change, which is raising ocean temperatures and causing ocean acidification. Saving and restoring the world's coral reefs requires a multi-pronged approach that ranges from the local to the global level.
Marine Zoning Works For Me Zoning PresentationMZWM
This presentation is focused on the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and its Regulatory Review Process. Visit our website to get involved: www.marinezoningworksforme.org
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
2. Case Study: Protecting Whales: A
Success Story… So Far (1)
• Cetaceans: Toothed whales and baleen whales
• 8 of 11 major species hunted to commercial
extinction by 1975
• 1946: International Whaling Commission (IWC)
• Quotas based on insufficient data
• Quotas often ignored
3. Case Study: Protecting Whales: A
Success Story… So Far (2)
• 1970: U.S.
• Stopped all commercial whaling
• Banned all imports of whale products
• 1986: IWC moratorium on commercial whaling
• 42,480 whales killed in 1970
• 1500 killed in 2009
• Norway, Japan, and Iceland ignore moratorium
4. We Have Much to Learn about
Aquatic Biodiversity
• Greatest marine biodiversity
• Coral reefs
• Estuaries
• Deep-ocean floor
• Biodiversity is higher
• Near the coast than in the open sea
• In the bottom region of the ocean than the surface
region
7. Human Activities Are Destroying and
Degrading Aquatic Habitats
• Marine
• Coral reefs
• Mangrove forests
• Seagrass beds
• Sea-level rise from global warming will harm coral
reefs and low-lying islands with mangrove forests
• Ocean floor: effect of trawlers
• Freshwater
• Dams
• Excessive water withdrawal
9. Invasive Species Are Degrading
Aquatic Biodiversity
• Invasive species
• Threaten native species
• Disrupt and degrade whole ecosystems
• Two examples
• Asian swamp eel: waterways of south Florida
• Lionfish in the Atlantic
11. Science Focus: How Carp Have
Muddied Some Waters
• Lake Wingra, Wisconsin (U.S.): eutrophic
• Contains invasive species
• Purple loosestrife and the common carp
• Dr. Richard Lathrop
• Removed carp from an area of the lake
• This area appeared to recover
13. Case Study: Invaders Have Ravaged
Lake Victoria
• Loss of biodiversity and cichlids
• Nile perch: deliberately introduced
• Frequent algal blooms
• Nutrient runoff
• Spills of untreated sewage
• Less algae-eating cichlids
• Water hyacinths
16. Population Growth and Pollution Can
Reduce Aquatic Biodiversity
• More noise and crowding from humans
• Nitrates and phosphates, mainly from fertilizers,
enter water
• Leads to eutrophication
• Toxic pollutants from industrial and urban areas
• Plastics
18. Climate Change Is a Growing Threat
• Global warming: sea levels will rise and aquatic
biodiversity is threatened
• Coral reefs
• Swamp some low-lying islands
• Drown many highly productive coastal wetlands
• New Orleans, Louisiana, and New York City
19. Overfishing and Extinction: Gone
Fishing, Fish Gone
• Marine and freshwater fish
• Threatened with extinction by human activities more than any
other group of species
• Commercial extinction: no longer economically feasible to harvest a
species
• Collapse of the Atlantic cod fishery and its domino effect
• Fewer larger fish
• More problems with invasive species
20. Natural Capital Degradation: Collapse of the
500 year old Cod Fishery Off the Canadian Coast
Started using
bottom
trawlers in
late 1950s.
Fig. 11-7, p. 257
21. Case Study: Industrial Fish Harvesting
Methods
• Trawler fishing
• Purse-seine fishing
• Longlining
• Drift-net fishing
• Bycatch problem
22. Legal Protection of Some Endangered and
Threatened Marine Species
• Why is it hard to protect marine biodiversity?
1. Human ecological footprint and fishprint are expanding
2. Much of the damage in the ocean is not visible
3. The oceans are incorrectly viewed as an inexhaustible
resource
4. Most of the ocean lies outside the legal jurisdiction of any
country
23. Case Study: Holding Out Hope for
Marine Turtles
• Threats to the leatherback turtle
• Trawlers and drowning in fishing nets
• Hunting
• Eggs used as food
• Pollution
• Climate change
• Fishing boats using turtle excluder devices
• Communities protecting the turtles
26. Establishing a Global Network of Marine
Reserves: An Ecosystem Approach (1)
• Marine reserves
• Closed to
• Commercial fishing
• Dredging
• Mining and waste disposal
• Core zone
• No human activity allowed
• Less harmful activities allowed
• E.g., recreational boating and shipping
27. Establishing a Global Network of Marine
Reserves: An Ecosystem Approach (2)
• Fully protected marine reserves work fast
• Fish populations double
• Fish size grows
• Reproduction triples
• Species diversity increase by almost one-fourth
• Cover less than 1% of world’s oceans
• Marine scientists want 30-50%
28. Individuals Matter: Creating an
Artificial Coral Reef in Israel
• Reuven Yosef, Red Sea Star
Restaurant
• Coral reef restoration
• Reconciliation ecology-humans
should increase biodiversity in
human-dominated landscapes
• Treatment of broken coral with
antibiotics
29. Protecting Marine Biodiversity: Individuals
and Communities Together
• Oceans 30% more acidic from increased carbon
dioxide in atmosphere and increased temperature
• Integrated Coastal Management
• Community-based group to prevent further
degradation of the ocean
30. Estimating and Monitoring Fishery
Populations Is the First Step
• Maximum sustained yield (MSY): traditional
approach
• Optimum sustained yield (OSY)
• Multispecies management
• Large marine systems: using large complex computer
models
• Precautionary principle
31. Some Communities Cooperate to
Regulate Fish Harvests
• Community management of the fisheries
• Co-management of the fisheries with the
government
• Government sets quotas for species and divides the
quotas among communities
• Limits fishing seasons
• Regulates fishing gear
32. Government Subsidies Can Encourage
Overfishing
• Governments spend 30-34 billion dollars per year
subsidizing fishing
• Often leads to overfishing
• Discourages long-term sustainability of fish
populations
33. Consumer Choices Can Help to Sustain Fisheries
and Aquatic Biodiversity
• Need labels to inform consumers how and where fish
was caught
• 1999: Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)
• Certifies sustainably produced seafood
• Proper use of sustainable aquaculture
• Plant eating fish best -- Tilapia
35. We Can Preserve and Restore
Wetlands
• Laws for protection
• Zoning laws steer development away from wetlands
• In U.S., need federal permit to fill wetlands greater
than 3 acres
• Mitigation banking
• Can destroy wetland if create one of equal area
• Ecologists argue this as a last resort
37. Case Study: Can We Restore the
Florida Everglades? (1)
• “River of Grass”: south Florida, U.S.
• Damage in the 20th century
• Drained
• Diverted
• Paved over
• Nutrient pollution from agriculture
• Invasive plant species
• 1947: Everglades National Park unsuccessful
protection project
38. Case Study: Can We Restore the
Florida Everglades? (2)
• 1990: Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan
(CERP)
1. Restore curving flow of ½ of Kissimmee River
2. Remove canals and levees in strategic locations
3. Flood farmland to create artificial marshes
4. Create 18 reservoirs to create water supply for
lower Everglades and humans
5. Recapture Everglades water flowing to sea and
return it to Everglades
• Already weakened by Florida legislature
40. Case Study: Can the Great Lakes Survive
Repeated Invasions by Alien Species?
• Collectively, world’s largest body of freshwater
• Invaded by at least 162 nonnative species
• Sea lamprey
• Zebra mussel
• Quagga mussel
• Asian carp
43. Using an Ecosystem Approach to
Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity
• Edward O. Wilson
• Complete the mapping of the world’s aquatic
biodiversity
• Identify and preserve aquatic diversity hotspots
• Create large and fully protected marine reserves
• Protect and restore the world’s lakes and rivers
• Ecological restoration projects worldwide
• Make conservation financially rewarding
44. Three Big Ideas
1. The world’s aquatic systems provide important ecological
and economic services, and scientific investigation of
these poorly understood ecosystems could lead to
immense ecological and economic benefits.
2. Aquatic ecosystems and fisheries are being severely
degraded by human activities that lead to aquatic habitat
disruption and loss of biodiversity.
3. We can sustain aquatic biodiversity by establishing
protected sanctuaries, managing coastal development,
reducing water pollution, and preventing overfishing.
Editor's Notes
Figure 8.5: Marine systems provide a number of important ecological and economic services ( Concept 8-2 ). Questions: Which two ecological services and which two economic services do you think are the most important? Why?
Figure 8.15: Freshwater systems provide many important ecological and economic services ( Concept 8-4 ). Questions: Which two ecological services and which two economic services do you think are the most important? Why?
Figure 11.2: N atural capital degradation. These photos show an area of ocean bottom before (left) and after (right) a trawler net scraped it like a gigantic bulldozer. These ocean-floor communities could take decades or centuries to recover. According to marine scientist Elliot Norse, “Bottom trawling is probably the largest human-caused disturbance to the biosphere.” Trawler fishers disagree and claim that ocean bottom life recovers after trawling. Question: What land activities are comparable to this?
Figure 11.3: One scientist has described this common lionfish as “an almost perfectly designed invasive species.” It reaches sexual maturity rapidly, has large numbers of offspring, and is protected by venomous spines. In the eastern coastal waters of North America, it has few if any predators, except perhaps for people. It is hoped that commercial fishers can find ways to capture lionfish economically and that consumers will choose them from seafood menus.
Figure 11.A: Lake Wingra in Madison, Wisconsin (USA) has become clouded with sediment partly because of the introduction of invasive species such as the common carp. Removal of carp in the experimental area shown here resulted in a dramatic improvement in the clarity of the water and subsequent regrowth of native plant species in shallow water.
Figure 11.4: N atural capital degradation. The Nile perch (right) is a fine food fish that can weigh more than 91 kilograms (200 pounds). However, this deliberately introduced fish has played a key role in a major loss of biodiversity in East Africa’s Lake Victoria (left).
Figure 11.5: Invasive water hyacinths, supported by nutrient runoff, blocked a ferry terminal on the Kenyan shores of Lake Victoria in 1997. By blocking sunlight and consuming oxygen, this invasion has reduced biodiversity in the lake. Scientists reduced the problem at strategic locations by removing the hyacinth and by introducing two weevils (a type of beetle) that feed on the invasive plant.
Figure 11.6: This Hawaiian monk seal was slowly starving to death before a discarded piece of plastic was removed from its snout. Each year, plastic items dumped from ships and garbage barges, and left as litter on beaches threaten the lives of millions of marine mammals, turtles, and seabirds that ingest, become entangled in, or are poisoned by such debris.
Figure 11.7: N atural capital degradation. This graph illustrates the collapse of Canada’s 500-year-old Atlantic cod fishery off the coast of Newfoundland in the northwest Atlantic. Beginning in the late 1950s, fishers used bottom trawlers to capture more of the stock, reflected in the sharp rise in this graph. This resulted in extreme overexploitation of the fishery, which began a steady decline throughout the 1970s, followed by a slight recovery in the 1980s, and then total collapse by 1992, when the fishery was shut down. Despite a total ban on fishing, the cod population has not recovered. The fishery was reopened on a limited basis in 1998 but then closed indefinitely in 2003 and today shows no signs of recovery. (Data from Millennium Ecosystem Assessment)
Figure 11.9: Several major species of sea turtles have roamed the sea for 150 million years. The hawksbill, Kemp’s ridley, and leatherback turtles are critically endangered . Flatbacks live along the coasts of northern Australia and Papua, New Guinea, and are not classified as endangered because they nest in very remote places, but the Australian government classifies them as vulnerable . The loggerhead, green, and olive ridley are classified as endangered . See the photo of an endangered green sea turtle on the title page.
Figure 11.10: This endangered leatherback sea turtle was entangled in a fishing net and could have starved to death had it not been rescued.
Figure 11.11: There are a number of ways to manage fisheries more sustainably and protect marine biodiversity. Questions: Which four of these solutions do you think are the most important? Why?
Figure 11.12: This human-created wetland is located near Orlando, Florida (USA).
Figure 11.13: The world’s largest ecological restoration project is an attempt to undo and redo an engineering project that has been destroying Florida’s Everglades (USA, see photo) and threatening water supplies for south Florida’s rapidly growing population.
Figure 11.14: These zebra mussels are attached to a water current meter in Lake Michigan. This invader entered the Great Lakes through ballast water dumped from a European ship. It has become a major nuisance and a threat to commerce as well as to biodiversity in the Great Lakes.
Figure 11.15: According to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, two species of Asian carp were close to invading Lake Michigan in 2010. If they become established in Lake Michigan, they are likely to spread rapidly and disrupt the food web that supports the lakes’ native fish populations. Eventually, they could become the dominant fish species in the interconnected Great Lakes .