WASH 2011 conference: Francois Brikke Senior Wash Consultant, Former Chief WASH UNICEF Indonesia, WSP Regional Team Leader for Latin America, IRC Program Officer

1. “Big Bang” Decentralization?The experience of decentralization and impact on the WASH sector in Indonesia Water Conference 2011 Brisbane 16 – 17 May 2011 Francois Brikke Senior Wash Consultant Former Chief WASH UNICEF Indonesia, WSP Regional Team Leader for Latin America, IRC Program Officer

2. Contents of the presentation Decentralization (Context) 2. What’s in it for the Local Governments? 3. What support to the communities ? 4. UNICEF’s support to decentralization

4. POLICE

5. MONETARY

6. JUSTICE

7. FOREIGN AFFAIRS

8. RELIGIOUS AFFAIRSOptional Function (Core Competence) Compulsory Function (Basic Services) Examples: agriculture, trade, industry, tourism, Forestry etc Examples: Health, Public Work, Education, Environ- ment, Water and Sanitation etc MINIMUM SERVICE STANDARD

9. 5 Big Bang … a Nation Wide Participatory Planning Process January - April May - August September - December Evaluation of Ministry and Governor Input from Community Ministry of home affairs Circulars / guidelines Local govt. draft regulations of APBD MoU and priorities and budget ceiling Discussion of draft regulation of APBD Discussion of APBD draft Parlia-ment/DPRD APBD local regula-tions Bupati/mayor regulation draft APBD Draft Temporary Priorities Budget Ceiling Local govt agencies priorities & ceiling Local govt. medium-term development plan Bupati/Mayor Bupati/major regulation Final Preliminary design of regional framework circular ceiling priorities and indications discussion with local government budget team Local govt budgeting team Local govt. work plan Discussion on local government budget team Finance managt of local govt agencies APBD draft (from local government agencies and work plan) Finalizing data and projections endorsement Local governt agencies Budget work plan of local govt agencies Local govt. agencies strategic plan Local govt. agencies work plan Implementation of change in budgets Implementation document Source: Ministry of Home affairs

11. Problems of capacity of staff and high rotation of staff

12. Planning still very much linked to local political agenda, more on infrastructure than on soft issues (Pro poor ?, Community)

14. 2. What’s in it for the Local Governments ? Local Water and Sanitation Working Groups (AMPL Pokja) Innovation

15. 2. What’s in it for the Local Governments ?AMPLPokja contributions Contributes to the planning process, developmengt of WASH Strategic Plan ( RENSTRA), strong support from WASPOLA Program managed by WSP Ensures Coordination between the various local Government agencies and other actors (External Programs and NGOs) Monitors implementation of water supply and sanitation programs Monitors issues and problems of water supply and sanitation (PHBS, Environmental degradations, Weak of Coordination AMPL, etc.). strong coordination among actors Advocacyand pressure group to policy reform of AMPL sector

16. Funds for Local Governments (2010) (Exchange rate 1 US$ = 9,000 RPS) Source : APBNP2010 Transfer to Local Budgets Through budget ministry/ Line ministry National Programs Commodity Subsidies (APBD) •PNPM 0.84% • Oil and gas 7.89% •DBH/ revenue-sharing 7.96% • Deconcentration fund 2.96% •BOS 1.76% • Electric 4.89% 18.08% • Co fund 0.67% • General Allocation Fund •health insurance 0.45% • Food 1.24% •special allocation fund 1.88% • Vertical fund 10.11% • Fertilizer 1.63% •Special otonomy 0.81% • Adaptation 1.88%) Total 3.% Total 15% Total 30% Total 14%) Total spend= 125 billion US$ For local governments = 63% 10

19. SANIMAS, PAMSIMAS

21. Total Sanitation Strategy (community led)

23. Support on advocacy for the sector,

26. Decentralized activities, local private sector taking action (Sanitation marketing in Indonesia) Demand Communities take responsibility (CLTS) Supply Local artisans provide skills & materials Enabling support

27. Big Bang has started, evolution just goes on … THANK YOU