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TOOLS FOR THE
DEVELOPMENT OF LPRAP
Poverty Situation Analysis or Poverty Situationer
 Guide to Prioritization of Programs, Projects and
Activities
 Problem Tree Analysis
 Template








Annex B-1 List of Priority Project Template (Regular)
Annex B-2 List of Priority Project Template (Enhanced)
Annex C Project Brief Template
Annex D Menu of Program/Services
Annex E Sample Resolution
 Poverty

situation of the LGU represented
by data and indicators

 Driver

or causes of poverty

 Identification

of PINOs
Poverty Incidence among Families 
Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold 
(%)
(in Pesos)
Estimates (%)

Magnitude of Poor Families

Estimate
Region/
2009
2012 1991a/ 2006
2009
2012 1991a/
2006
2009
2012
Province 1991a/ 2006
PHILIPPI
NES
5,949 13,357 16,871  18,935
29.7
21
20.5
19.7 3,554,878 3,809,283 4,036,915 4,214,921
Region 
XII

6,272

13,319

16,405  18,737

North
Cotabato

12,077

14,862

Sarangga
ni

13,059

South
Cotabato

47.4

31.2

30.8

37.1 196,284 250,168 274,043 366,169

18,340

25.6

23.4

44.8

60,532

61,568

131,744

16,053

18,640

41.7

47.5

46

40,876

50,504

52,982

13,889

17,141

19,847

26.1

25.7

25.8

72,114

78,140

85,814

Sultan
Kudarat

13,766

16,965

17,597

44.3

41.6

40.4

64,441

68,076

74,075

Cotabato
Cityb/,c/

14,629

18,103

20,568

27.5

29.9

34.5

12,206

15,754

21,555
SOURCES OF DATA:
 Community-Based

(CBMS)

Monitoring System

• 14 Core Local Indicators that measures different
dimension of poverty
• Generate household level data useful in poverty
diagnosis & planning
• Provides profile of the poor families & communities
 Who they are
 What their needs are
 Where they are
SOURCES OF DATA:


Local Governance Performance Management
System (LGPMS)
• is a self-assessment tool, help LGU manage its
performance
• web-based database system
• provides both qualitative and quantitative
information for two core indicator clusters:
 Governance Indicators Cluster (collected and
reported annually)
 Development Indicators Cluster (collected and
reported every three years)
SOURCES OF DATA:


Governance Indicators Cluster (5 performance
areas):
•
•
•
•
•



Administrative Governance,
Social Governance,
Economic Governance,
Environmental Governance, and
Valuing Fundamentals of Good Governance

Development Indicators Cluster (3 sectors)
• Social Development
• Economic Development
• Environmental Development
SOURCES OF DATA:


National Household Targeting Systems for
Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR)

• Data management system that identifies who & where
the poor are?
• Adopted by DSWD using the Proxy Means Test (PMT)
in the identification of 4Ps beneficiaries
• 34 variables i.e. Household composition, education of
household members, employment, housing structures,
ownership of assets, etc..
SOURCES OF DATA:


Field Health Services Information System
(FHSIS):

• Is a major component network of information
developed by DOH, to better manage delivery of
nationwide health service delivery activities
• Health Status Statistics (estimated population,
mortality, natality)
• Health Services Coverage Statistics (control of diarrheal
diseases and pneumonia, dental health, environmental health,
expanded program on immunization, family planning, nutrition,
pre-natal and post-partum care)

• Health Systems Statistics (demographic profile, health
workers)

• Notifiable Diseases
SOURCES OF DATA:


Other DSWD data sources:

• Participatory Situation Analysis (PSA) Results for
Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan- Comprehensive &
Integrated Delivery of Social Services (KALAHICIDSS)
• Project Information Management System (PIMS)
 database to keep track of the progress of all antipoverty
projects in the country
 the system can also be used for map production, geo-tagging
and spatial analysis
There are competing needs for resources to be
allocated to address these various demands
(pare-parehong nangangailangan)
 Level of needs and demands vary across sectors,
across areas (Antas ng pangangailangan ay hindi
pare-pareho sa ibat-ibang lugar at ibat-ibang
sector)
 Resources are never enough!



There are existing mandates and priorities of
government that need to be considered
(mayroong nakatakdang mandato at prioridad ang
pamahalaan na dapat isaalang-alang)
Provision of Basic Social Services and Attainment
of the Millennium Development Goals, including
poverty reduction; (MDG, poverty reduction)
 Hunger Mitigation and Elimination; (Lubusang
lunasan ang kawalan ng makain at gutom)
 Job Generation and Inclusive Local Economic
Development (pagkakaroon ng trabaho at pangekonomiyang kagalingan)



Climate Change Adaptation/Mitigation and
Disaster Preparedness (kahandaan sa sakuna at
pagbabago sa klima)


Relevance: Do the issues and concerns relate to
addressing the poverty situation in the locality?
Will the proposed programs/ projects directly
contribute to increasing income of the poor and to
other poverty indicators? Will the solution focus
on the target clients/ constituents that needed the
service most?
Urgency: Are the problems the most urgent/ firstthings-first, that when not responded to
immediately will bring detrimental implications to
the environment and the people or the community
at large?
 Magnitude: Do the problems involve majority of
the people and their concerns?

Importance: Are the issues and concerns the most
critical that would make a lot of difference when
given solution?
 Doability: Are the issues and problems realistically
solvable by the people.

IMMEDIATE EFFECT/S

CORE PROBLEM

IMMEDIATE CAUSE/S

SECONDARY CAUSE/S
Sample tree Analysis for Farming Sector
Poor nutrition

Income of small farming households fall below
poverty threshold (average of PhP25003000/month vs. poverty threshold of
PhP6195/family requirement for basic needs)

Child labor
Increased pressure to clear
forests
Increased pressure to further
intensify farming further harming
agri ecology

Low farm yield

High cost of production as fertilizer
requirement and prices of inputs increase

Soil is depleted

Farmers do not have access to
water for irrigation

Small farmers are very dependent on a capital-intensive, inefficient (high cost- low yield/income) and
environmentally harmful sugar-based monoculture

Limited capacity of farmers to adapt
sustainable agricultural techniques

Inadequate farming
facilities for
diversification

Weak support system
forfarmers

Weak LGU system for agricultural
services delivery

Farmers are unable to put up alternative/ nonland sources of income

Inadequate
production capital

Limited capacity of
farmers’ organizations

Limited knowledge on
sustainable
technologies

Inadequate capital and skill for
alternative livelihood

Inadequate agricultural extension
services
Reversing the problem tree, by replacing negative statements with positive ones,
creates a solution tree. A solution tree identifies means-end relationships as
opposed to cause-effects.
SOLUTION/OBJECTIVE TREE
INTERMEDIATE OR
LONG TERM OUTCOMES
PROJECT GOAL OR
IMMEDIATE OUTCOMES

OBJECTIVES &
ACTIVITIES

STRATEGIES, PROGRAMS,
PROJECT

GOAL
Sample Solution Tree Analysis for Farming Sector

Adequate nutrition

Income of small farming households to
increase

No Child labor
No forests clearing
Decreased harmful farming
practices so as not to damage
agri ecology

High farm yield

Low cost of production as fertilizer
requirement and prices of inputs increase

Farmers have access to water for
irrigation

Soil is enriched

Small farmers are not dependent on a capital-intensive, inefficient (high cost- low yield/income) and
environmentally harmful sugar-based monoculture

Enhanced capacity of farmers to adapt
sustainable agricultural techniques

Substantial farming
facilities for
diversification

Strong support system
forfarmers

StrongLGU system for agricultural
services delivery

Farmers are able to put up alternative/ nonland sources of income
Adequate production
capital

Unlimited capacity of
farmers’ organizations

Unlimited knowledge
on sustainable
technologies

Adequate capital and skill for
alternative livelihood

Adequate agricultural extension
services
Tools in development lprap

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Tools in development lprap

  • 2. Poverty Situation Analysis or Poverty Situationer  Guide to Prioritization of Programs, Projects and Activities  Problem Tree Analysis  Template       Annex B-1 List of Priority Project Template (Regular) Annex B-2 List of Priority Project Template (Enhanced) Annex C Project Brief Template Annex D Menu of Program/Services Annex E Sample Resolution
  • 3.  Poverty situation of the LGU represented by data and indicators  Driver or causes of poverty  Identification of PINOs
  • 4.
  • 5. Poverty Incidence among Families  Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold  (%) (in Pesos) Estimates (%) Magnitude of Poor Families Estimate Region/ 2009 2012 1991a/ 2006 2009 2012 1991a/ 2006 2009 2012 Province 1991a/ 2006 PHILIPPI NES 5,949 13,357 16,871  18,935 29.7 21 20.5 19.7 3,554,878 3,809,283 4,036,915 4,214,921 Region  XII 6,272 13,319 16,405  18,737 North Cotabato 12,077 14,862 Sarangga ni 13,059 South Cotabato 47.4 31.2 30.8 37.1 196,284 250,168 274,043 366,169 18,340 25.6 23.4 44.8 60,532 61,568 131,744 16,053 18,640 41.7 47.5 46 40,876 50,504 52,982 13,889 17,141 19,847 26.1 25.7 25.8 72,114 78,140 85,814 Sultan Kudarat 13,766 16,965 17,597 44.3 41.6 40.4 64,441 68,076 74,075 Cotabato Cityb/,c/ 14,629 18,103 20,568 27.5 29.9 34.5 12,206 15,754 21,555
  • 6. SOURCES OF DATA:  Community-Based (CBMS) Monitoring System • 14 Core Local Indicators that measures different dimension of poverty • Generate household level data useful in poverty diagnosis & planning • Provides profile of the poor families & communities  Who they are  What their needs are  Where they are
  • 7. SOURCES OF DATA:  Local Governance Performance Management System (LGPMS) • is a self-assessment tool, help LGU manage its performance • web-based database system • provides both qualitative and quantitative information for two core indicator clusters:  Governance Indicators Cluster (collected and reported annually)  Development Indicators Cluster (collected and reported every three years)
  • 8. SOURCES OF DATA:  Governance Indicators Cluster (5 performance areas): • • • • •  Administrative Governance, Social Governance, Economic Governance, Environmental Governance, and Valuing Fundamentals of Good Governance Development Indicators Cluster (3 sectors) • Social Development • Economic Development • Environmental Development
  • 9. SOURCES OF DATA:  National Household Targeting Systems for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) • Data management system that identifies who & where the poor are? • Adopted by DSWD using the Proxy Means Test (PMT) in the identification of 4Ps beneficiaries • 34 variables i.e. Household composition, education of household members, employment, housing structures, ownership of assets, etc..
  • 10. SOURCES OF DATA:  Field Health Services Information System (FHSIS): • Is a major component network of information developed by DOH, to better manage delivery of nationwide health service delivery activities • Health Status Statistics (estimated population, mortality, natality) • Health Services Coverage Statistics (control of diarrheal diseases and pneumonia, dental health, environmental health, expanded program on immunization, family planning, nutrition, pre-natal and post-partum care) • Health Systems Statistics (demographic profile, health workers) • Notifiable Diseases
  • 11. SOURCES OF DATA:  Other DSWD data sources: • Participatory Situation Analysis (PSA) Results for Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan- Comprehensive & Integrated Delivery of Social Services (KALAHICIDSS) • Project Information Management System (PIMS)  database to keep track of the progress of all antipoverty projects in the country  the system can also be used for map production, geo-tagging and spatial analysis
  • 12.
  • 13. There are competing needs for resources to be allocated to address these various demands (pare-parehong nangangailangan)  Level of needs and demands vary across sectors, across areas (Antas ng pangangailangan ay hindi pare-pareho sa ibat-ibang lugar at ibat-ibang sector)  Resources are never enough! 
  • 14.  There are existing mandates and priorities of government that need to be considered (mayroong nakatakdang mandato at prioridad ang pamahalaan na dapat isaalang-alang)
  • 15. Provision of Basic Social Services and Attainment of the Millennium Development Goals, including poverty reduction; (MDG, poverty reduction)  Hunger Mitigation and Elimination; (Lubusang lunasan ang kawalan ng makain at gutom)  Job Generation and Inclusive Local Economic Development (pagkakaroon ng trabaho at pangekonomiyang kagalingan) 
  • 16.  Climate Change Adaptation/Mitigation and Disaster Preparedness (kahandaan sa sakuna at pagbabago sa klima)
  • 17.  Relevance: Do the issues and concerns relate to addressing the poverty situation in the locality? Will the proposed programs/ projects directly contribute to increasing income of the poor and to other poverty indicators? Will the solution focus on the target clients/ constituents that needed the service most?
  • 18. Urgency: Are the problems the most urgent/ firstthings-first, that when not responded to immediately will bring detrimental implications to the environment and the people or the community at large?  Magnitude: Do the problems involve majority of the people and their concerns? 
  • 19. Importance: Are the issues and concerns the most critical that would make a lot of difference when given solution?  Doability: Are the issues and problems realistically solvable by the people. 
  • 20.
  • 21. IMMEDIATE EFFECT/S CORE PROBLEM IMMEDIATE CAUSE/S SECONDARY CAUSE/S
  • 22.
  • 23. Sample tree Analysis for Farming Sector Poor nutrition Income of small farming households fall below poverty threshold (average of PhP25003000/month vs. poverty threshold of PhP6195/family requirement for basic needs) Child labor Increased pressure to clear forests Increased pressure to further intensify farming further harming agri ecology Low farm yield High cost of production as fertilizer requirement and prices of inputs increase Soil is depleted Farmers do not have access to water for irrigation Small farmers are very dependent on a capital-intensive, inefficient (high cost- low yield/income) and environmentally harmful sugar-based monoculture Limited capacity of farmers to adapt sustainable agricultural techniques Inadequate farming facilities for diversification Weak support system forfarmers Weak LGU system for agricultural services delivery Farmers are unable to put up alternative/ nonland sources of income Inadequate production capital Limited capacity of farmers’ organizations Limited knowledge on sustainable technologies Inadequate capital and skill for alternative livelihood Inadequate agricultural extension services
  • 24. Reversing the problem tree, by replacing negative statements with positive ones, creates a solution tree. A solution tree identifies means-end relationships as opposed to cause-effects. SOLUTION/OBJECTIVE TREE INTERMEDIATE OR LONG TERM OUTCOMES PROJECT GOAL OR IMMEDIATE OUTCOMES OBJECTIVES & ACTIVITIES STRATEGIES, PROGRAMS, PROJECT GOAL
  • 25. Sample Solution Tree Analysis for Farming Sector Adequate nutrition Income of small farming households to increase No Child labor No forests clearing Decreased harmful farming practices so as not to damage agri ecology High farm yield Low cost of production as fertilizer requirement and prices of inputs increase Farmers have access to water for irrigation Soil is enriched Small farmers are not dependent on a capital-intensive, inefficient (high cost- low yield/income) and environmentally harmful sugar-based monoculture Enhanced capacity of farmers to adapt sustainable agricultural techniques Substantial farming facilities for diversification Strong support system forfarmers StrongLGU system for agricultural services delivery Farmers are able to put up alternative/ nonland sources of income Adequate production capital Unlimited capacity of farmers’ organizations Unlimited knowledge on sustainable technologies Adequate capital and skill for alternative livelihood Adequate agricultural extension services

Editor's Notes

  1. 55% in SWS survey say they are poor Philippine Daily Inquirer 5:07 am | Tuesday, January 14th, 2014