The document summarizes the basic components of a digital computer. It discusses that a computer consists of both physical (hardware) and non-physical (software) components. The three main components are the input unit, central processing unit (CPU), and output unit. The CPU processes data as per program instructions and converts it into useful information. Memory stores both data and programs and retrieves them as needed. The stored program concept, proposed by mathematician Von Neumann, involves storing both data and instructions in main memory for the computer to process sequentially.

1. Basic Components of a Digital Computer.
R.D.SIVAKUMAR, M.Sc.,M.Phil.,M.Tech.,
Assistant Professor of Computer Science &
Assistant Professor and Head, Department of M.Com.(CA),
Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College,
Sivakasi – 626 124.
Mobile: 099440-42243
e-mail : sivamsccsit@gmail.com
website: www.rdsivakumar.blogspot.in

2. INTRODUCTION
 A Computer is the collection of physical entities and non- physical entities.
 Hardware is considered as physical entities like (input devices, processor, storage
devices, output devices.
 Software is considered as non-physical entities like (programs and operations).
Components of a Digital Computer
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is called the brain of the computer. It reads and
executes program instructions, performs calculations and makes decisions.

3. FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
Input Unit CPU Output Unit
Memory Unit
 Input Unit - Accept the data and Program.
 Memory Unit – Store the data and program and retrieve as and when required.
 CPU – Central Processing Unit. Process the data as per instruction given by the
program and convert it into useful information.
 Output unit – Communicate the information.
CPU Memory Unit
Input Unit Output Unit

4. STORAGE PROGRAM CONCEPT
 Stored Program Concept is known as the Von- Newmann Concept due to the
research paper published by the famous mathematician.
 The data and instructions are stored in main memory.
 The computer can process the instruction one by one.
 These are the basic operating principle for every computer.
Von Newmann

5. Thank You..!!