This document discusses internet connections and protocols. It explains that an internet connection requires a computer, telephone line, modem, and internet service provider (ISP). The ISP maintains the user's account using a unique username and password. Common web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Internet Explorer are used to access websites by entering URLs. Protocols like TCP/IP, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, Telnet, and SMTP allow devices to communicate over the internet and transfer files and emails. TCP/IP breaks data into packets and ensures intact delivery. HTTP is used for communication between web servers and clients, while HTTPS provides security. FTP transfers files, Telnet enables remote login, and SMTP transfers emails between systems.

1. INTERNET CONNECTIONS AND ITS
PROTOTOCOLS
R.D.SIVAKUMAR, M.Sc.,M.Phil.,M.Tech.,
Assistant Professor of Computer Science &
Bell Institute
Sivakasi – 626 124.
Mobile: 099440-42243
e-mail : rdsivakumarstaff@gmail.com

2. To use an Internet in the simplest way.
Getting Connected to Internet
ISP is used for maintain user account.
 A Computer
 A Telephone line
 A Modem
 Internet Service Provider or ISP
User name - An unique name that identifies the user.
Password - A secret code that prevents users account.
E-mail address- Unique address that you can send or receive E-mails.
Access telephone number - Internet users can use this number to
connect to the service provider.
Dialog box for connecting
To the Internet
Entering the URL (URL means path)

3. WEB BROWSER
 To access the Internet
Example of Web Browser
Google Chrome
IE
Mozilla Firefox
Opera etc.,

4. Navigation Button
 Back button – To go back to the previous link
 Forward button – To move the next page.
 Stop button- Sometimes the link is not necessarily work, then click the stop button
and move back without wasting time.
Refresh button- To refresh the web page
Home button- The home button reverts to the home page of the website.
Back Button
Forward button
Stop
button
Refresh Button
Home Button

5. INTERNET PROTOCOLS
A protocol can be one rule or a set of rules and standards that allow
different devices to hold conversations.

6. Internet is a packet switching network.
The various packets are sent through a communication by different routes.
Once the packets are arrive at the destination, the receiving computer re-assembles
the packets in proper sequence.
The packet switching is suitable for data transmission. The software that is
responsible for making the Internet function efficiently is TCP/IP.
TCP/IP is made up of two components.
TCP stands for transmission control protocol and IP stands for Internet Protocol.
TCP breaks up the data to be sent into little packets.
 It guarantees that any data sent to the destination computer reaches intact.
 It makes the process appear as if one computer is directly connected to the other
providing what appears to be a dedicated connection.
IP is a set of conventions used to pass packets from one host to another.
It is responsible for routing the packets to a desired destination IP address.
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

7. HTTP
HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
To communicate between web client and web server.
Example
http://www.google.com
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

8. HTTPS
HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Security.
To secure communicate between web client and web server.
It is used for web security
Example
https://www.google.com
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

9. FTP
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol.
It is used for uploading and downloading the information
Software
Filzila
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

10. TELNET
Telnet means remote login.
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

11. SMTP
SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
It is used to transferring the mail from one system to another system.
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS

12. R.D.SIVAKUMAR, M.Sc.,M.Phil.,M.Tech.,
Assistant Professor of Computer Science
Bell Institute
Sivakasi – 626 141.
Mobile: 099440-42243
e-mail : rdsivakumarstaff@gmail.com