The document provides a block diagram of the components of a computer system. It discusses the input unit, output unit, storage unit, and central processing unit. The input unit receives data through devices like a keyboard and mouse. The output unit displays or prints the results through monitors, printers, and speakers. The storage unit holds data and instructions in memory and storage devices. The central processing unit contains the control unit and arithmetic logic unit, which perform processing and control the flow of data and instructions in the computer.

1. S.N.B.P COLLEGE OFARTS,COMMERCE,SCIENCE
AND
MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Fundamental of computer
on
THE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER
PRESENTED BY :
V
ARSHA.A. CHOUDHARY
Roll NO: BB231092
FY BBASNBPCollege OfACS and Management Studies

2. INTRODUCTION
 A Computer consists of primarily three different types they are
central processing unit commonly called as processor [CPU],
Input Devices and Output Devices.
 Further Central Processing Unit contains ALU [Arithmetic Logic
Unit] and Control Unit. The set of instruction or information or
data submitted to computer is in a raw form which is entered with
the help of input devices like keyboard and mouse
 The block diagram of a computer provides a visual representation
of its internal components and their interconnections.
 Memory stores data and instructions temporarily for the CPU to
access quickly. Input/output devices allow users to interact with
the computer, while storage devices retain data for long-term use.

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM

4. Input unit
 Computer receives data and instruction through the input unit .
 The input unit consists of one or more input devices .
 Input devices includes :-
o Keyboard
o Mouse
o Scanner
o Joystick

5. Output unit
 Computer provides information and results of computation to the
outside world through the output unit .
 The output unit consists of one or more output devices.
 Output devices includes:-
o Monitors
o Printers
o Speakers

6. Storage unit
 The storage unit of the computer holds data and instructions that
are entered through the input unit , before they are processed .
 Storage devices are divided into two categories :
o Primary memory
o Secondary memory
 Primary memory :- Primary memory, also known as RAM (Random Access
Memory), is the main memory in a computer that stores data and instructions
currently being used by the CPU.
 Secondary memory :-Secondary memory, such as hard drives and SSDs,
provides non-volatile storage for data and programs, retaining information
even when the power is turned off.

7. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 It is the brain of the computer .
 The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the control unit (CU) of a
computer system are jointly known as the central processing unit
(CPU).
 CPU performs actual processing of data , according to
instructions from programs.
 CPU includes :-
o Control unit
o Arithmetic Logic Unit

8. Control unit
 It controls all other units in the computer .
 It is the central nervous system of the computer that
controls and synchronizes its working
 It is also responsible for controlling
input/output ,memory ,and other devices connected th the
CPU.
Arithmetic Logic Unit
 All calculations are performed in the arithmetic logic unit
(ALU) of the computer
 The data inputted through input devices is stored in the primary
storage unit . The arithmetic logic unit performs arithmetic and
logical operations .