The document explains the basic definition of a computer as an electronic device that processes binary data according to programmed instructions. It details key components of a computer, including the motherboard, CPU, RAM, GPU, and input/output units, along with their functions in data processing. The CPU is identified as the brain of the computer, overseeing the execution of commands and processing data via the arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and memory registers.

1. Computer and Its
Components
Presented By : Anuj Bhardwaj

2. What is a Computer?
• A computer is an electronic
device that processes data
according to a set of instructions
called programs.
• It operates on binary data,
which consists of 0s and 1s, to
perform various tasks and
computations.

3. Basic Components of a Computer
1.Motherboard
2.Input Unit
3.Output Unit
4.CPU
5.GPU
6.RAM
7.Storage Unit

4. • Input Unit
 The input unit consists of input
devices that are attached to the
computer.
 These devices take input and
convert it into binary language
that the computer understands.
Some of the common input
devices are keyboard, mouse,
joystick, scanner etc.
 The input unit is used to provide
data to the processor for further
processing.

5. • Central Processing Unit
 The CPU is called the brain of the computer because it is the
control center of the computer.
 It first fetches instructions from memory and then interprets
them so as to know what is to be done.
 Thereafter CPU executes or performs the required
computation, and then either stores the output or displays it
on the output device.
 The CPU has three main components, which are responsible
for different functions: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control
Unit (CU) and Memory registers

6. • Central Processing Unit

7.  Arithmetic Logic Unit:
 It is the fundamental building block of the CPU.
 Arithmetic and Logical Unit is a digital circuit that is used to perform
arithmetic and logical operations.
 Control Unit:
 The Control Unit is a component of the central processing unit of a
computer that directs the operation of the processor.
 It is also called the central nervous system or brain of the computer.
 In order to execute the instructions, the components of a computer
receive signals from the control unit.
 Memory Registers:
 Memory Unit is the primary storage of the computer.
 It stores both data and instructions.
 Data and instructions are stored permanently in this unit so that they
are available whenever required.

8. • Output Unit
 The output unit displays or prints
the processed data in a user-
friendly format.
 The output unit is formed by
attaching the output devices of a
computer.
 The output unit accepts the
information from the CPU and
displays it in a user-readable
form.

9. • Motherboard
 A motherboard is a circuit board
through which all the different
components of a computer
communicate and it keeps
everything together.
 The input and output devices are
plugged into the motherboard for
function.

10. • Graphic Processing Unit(GPU)
 The Graphics Processing Unit or
the video card helps generate
high-end visuals like the ones in
video games.
 Good graphics like these are
also helpful for people who have
to execute their work through
images like 3D modelers and
others who use resource-
intensive software.

11. • Random Access Memory(RAM)
 The RAM is also known as the
volatile memory since it gets
erased every time the computer
restarts.
 It stores the data regarding the
programs which are frequently
accessed programs and
processed.

12. THANK YOU