it will help the general public regarding the basic aspect of the antenatal care. it will also help to nursing and para medical educator to teach their students. it also create awareness about it.

1. BASIC ANTENATAL CAREBASIC ANTENATAL CARE
PREPARED BY:
SANJAY SIR
GCON
SURAT
INDIA

2.  INTRODUCTION :-INTRODUCTION :-
 Antenatal care refers to the care that is given to aAntenatal care refers to the care that is given to a
pregnant woman from the time that conception ispregnant woman from the time that conception is
confirmed until the beginning of labour. In addition toconfirmed until the beginning of labour. In addition to
monitoring the progress of the pregnancy, to providemonitoring the progress of the pregnancy, to provide
appropriate support for the woman and her family,appropriate support for the woman and her family,
whatever the outcome of the pregnancy, andwhatever the outcome of the pregnancy, and
information which will allow them to make sensible andinformation which will allow them to make sensible and
informed choice.informed choice.
 DEFINITION :-DEFINITION :-
 Systematic supervision (examination and advice) of aSystematic supervision (examination and advice) of a
woman during pregnancy is called antenatal care. Itwoman during pregnancy is called antenatal care. It
should be start from the beginning of pregnancy andshould be start from the beginning of pregnancy and
end at delivery.end at delivery.
ANTENATAL CAREANTENATAL CARE

3.  AIMSAIMS
 To screen the ‘High risk’ cases.To screen the ‘High risk’ cases.
 To detect complicationsTo detect complications
 To prevent complicationsTo prevent complications
 To treat at the earliest any complications.To treat at the earliest any complications.
 To ensure continued medical surveillance and prophylaxis.To ensure continued medical surveillance and prophylaxis.
 To educate the mother about of pregnancy and labour.To educate the mother about of pregnancy and labour.
 To remove fearTo remove fear
 To improve psychologyTo improve psychology
 To discuss with the couple about place, time and mode of delivery.To discuss with the couple about place, time and mode of delivery.
 To teach them about care of new born.To teach them about care of new born.
 To motivate the couple about to the need of family planning.To motivate the couple about to the need of family planning.
 To ensure maternal health and normal fetal development.To ensure maternal health and normal fetal development.
 To help and support the mother to promote breast feeding.To help and support the mother to promote breast feeding.
 To remove anxiety associated with pregnancy.To remove anxiety associated with pregnancy.
 To ensure that the woman reaches the end of her pregnancy physicallyTo ensure that the woman reaches the end of her pregnancy physically
and emotionally prepared for the birth of her baby.and emotionally prepared for the birth of her baby.

4. CRITERIACRITERIA
THE CRITERIA OF A NORMAL PREGNANCYTHE CRITERIA OF A NORMAL PREGNANCY
 Delivery of a single baby.Delivery of a single baby.
 Delivery should be at the term (between 38-42 weeks)Delivery should be at the term (between 38-42 weeks)
 Weight of the baby should be 2.5 kg. or more.Weight of the baby should be 2.5 kg. or more.
 No maternal complication.No maternal complication.
 The length is 50-52 cm.The length is 50-52 cm.
 The baby should be in good condition.The baby should be in good condition.
 No any congenital anomalies.No any congenital anomalies.

5. ANTENATAL CARE COMPRISES OFANTENATAL CARE COMPRISES OF
 Careful history taking.Careful history taking.
 General examinationGeneral examination
 Midwife examinationMidwife examination Determining expected date of deliveryDetermining expected date of delivery
(EDD)(EDD)
 It is necessary to ascertain the approximate date on which the baby wasIt is necessary to ascertain the approximate date on which the baby was
conceived in order to pre­dict a date of giving birth and calculateconceived in order to pre­dict a date of giving birth and calculate
gestational age at any point in pregnancy. In this way actual fetal size cangestational age at any point in pregnancy. In this way actual fetal size can
be compared with expected size.be compared with expected size.
 The EDD is calculated by adding 9 calendar months and 7 days to the dateThe EDD is calculated by adding 9 calendar months and 7 days to the date
of the first day of the woman's last menstrual period.of the first day of the woman's last menstrual period. This method assumesThis method assumes
that:that:
 Conception occurred 14 days after the first day of the last period:Conception occurred 14 days after the first day of the last period:
this is only true if the woman has a regular 28­day cycle.this is only true if the woman has a regular 28­day cycle.
 The last period of bleeding was true menstru­ation: implantationThe last period of bleeding was true menstru­ation: implantation
of the ovum may cause slight bleeding.of the ovum may cause slight bleeding.
 Obstetric examinationObstetric examination
 Advice to the pregnant woman.Advice to the pregnant woman.

6. HISTORY TAKINGHISTORY TAKING
 IDENTIFYING INFORMATION OF CLIENTIDENTIFYING INFORMATION OF CLIENT
 PAST INFORMATIONPAST INFORMATION
 PERSONAL INFORMATIONPERSONAL INFORMATION
 FAMILY INFORMATIONFAMILY INFORMATION
 HEALTH INFORMATIONHEALTH INFORMATION
 MENSTRUAL INFORMATIONMENSTRUAL INFORMATION
 OBSTETRIC INFORMATIONOBSTETRIC INFORMATION

7. GENERAL EXAMINATIONGENERAL EXAMINATION
 TemperatureTemperature
 PulsePulse
 RespirationRespiration
 Blood pressureBlood pressure
 HeightHeight
 WeightWeight
 Urine analysisUrine analysis
 Blood testsBlood tests
 ABO Blood groups & Rh factorABO Blood groups & Rh factor
 HemoglobinHemoglobin
 Venereal Disease research Laboratory test.Venereal Disease research Laboratory test.
 Human Immunodeficiency VirusHuman Immunodeficiency Virus
 Rubella Immune statusRubella Immune status
 Other blood disorders.Other blood disorders.

8. MIDWIFE EXAMINATIONMIDWIFE EXAMINATION
 General appearanceGeneral appearance
 Breast evaluationBreast evaluation
 EliminationElimination
 Vaginal dischargeVaginal discharge
 Vaginal bleedingVaginal bleeding
 OedemaOedema
 VaricositiesVaricosities

9. OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-
ABDOMINAL INSPECTION.ABDOMINAL INSPECTION.
 Shape of the uterusShape of the uterus
 Foetal movementFoetal movement
 ContourContour (shape)(shape) of the abdominal wallof the abdominal wall
 Skin changesSkin changes

10. OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-
ABDOMINAL PALPATIONABDOMINAL PALPATION
 Estimating the period of gestationEstimating the period of gestation
 Fundal palpationFundal palpation
 Lateral palpationLateral palpation
 Pelvic palpationPelvic palpation
 Pawlik’s palpationPawlik’s palpation

11. OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-
 Vaginal examinationVaginal examination
 Routine InvestigationsRoutine Investigations
 Special investigationsSpecial investigations
Serological testsSerological tests
Maternal serum alpha feto proteinMaternal serum alpha feto protein
Ultra sound examinationUltra sound examination

12. OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-OBSTERIC EXAMINAITON :-
 FINDINGS OF FIRST STAGE OF LABOURFINDINGS OF FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR
 Gestational ageGestational age
 LieLie
 AttitudeAttitude
 PresentationPresentation
 DenominatorDenominator
 PositionPosition
 EngagementEngagement
 Presenting partPresenting part

13. ADVICEADVICE
 PRINCIPLES :-PRINCIPLES :-
 To impress the patient about theTo impress the patient about the
importance of regular check-upimportance of regular check-up
 To maintain improve health status to theTo maintain improve health status to the
optimum till delivery.optimum till delivery.
 To improve and tone up the psychology andTo improve and tone up the psychology and
to remove the fearto remove the fear
 ADVICE FOR DIETADVICE FOR DIET
 ADVICE FOR ANTENATAL HYGIENEADVICE FOR ANTENATAL HYGIENE
 IMMUNIZATIONIMMUNIZATION
 GENERAL ADVICEGENERAL ADVICE

14. MINOR AILMENTS INMINOR AILMENTS IN
PREGNANCYPREGNANCY
 Nausea and vomitingNausea and vomiting
 BackacheBackache
 ConstipationConstipation
 Leg crampsLeg cramps
 Acidity and heartburnAcidity and heartburn
 Varicose veinVaricose vein
 Ankle oedemaAnkle oedema
 Vaginal dischargeVaginal discharge

15. PRECONCEPTIONAL VISIT, RISKPRECONCEPTIONAL VISIT, RISK
ASSESSMENT AND EDUCATION :ASSESSMENT AND EDUCATION :
 Identification of high risk factorsIdentification of high risk factors
 Base level health statusBase level health status
 Rubella and hepatitis immunizationRubella and hepatitis immunization
 Folic acid supplementationFolic acid supplementation
 Maternal health is optimised preconceptionally.Maternal health is optimised preconceptionally.
 Fear of the incoming pregnancyFear of the incoming pregnancy
 Patient with medical complicationsPatient with medical complications
 Drugs used before pregnancyDrugs used before pregnancy
 Woman should be urged to stopWoman should be urged to stop Inheritable geneticInheritable genetic
diseasesdiseases
 Importance of prenatal diagnosisImportance of prenatal diagnosis
 Couples with history of recurrent fetal lossCouples with history of recurrent fetal loss

16. THANK YOUTHANK YOU