Antenatal care refers to the supervision and care provided to an expectant mother from conception to the start of labor. This presentation discusses the definition, goals, and importance of antenatal care. It outlines the recommended four antenatal visits including what is assessed at each visit. The presentation also covers collecting a medical history, performing a physical examination, and providing health education to mothers on topics like hygiene during pregnancy. The overall aim of antenatal care is to monitor the health of both mother and baby and detect any complications.

1. ERA’S COLLEGE OF
NURSNG
PRESENTATION
ON
ANTENATAL CARE
NIDHI MAURYA
M.Sc NURSING

2. ANTENATALCARE

3. INTRODUCTI0N
 Antenatal care refers to the education, supervision,
treatment and care given to an expectant mother
from the time the conception is confirmed until the
beginning of labor. It includes monitoring the
progress of pregnancy, providing appropriate
support to the women and her family and providing
information, which will assist them to make
sensible choices.

4. DEFINITION
 Systemic supervision (examination and advice) of
women during pregnancy is called antenatal care
(ANC).
 Comprehensive health supervision of a pregnant
woman before delivery.
Or
 “It is planned examination, observation and guidance
given to the pregnant woman from conception till the
time of labor.”

5. GOAL
o To screen the high risk cases.
o To prevent or to detect and treat at the earliest any
complications.
o To ensure continued risk assessment and to provide
ongoing primary preventive health care.
o To educate the mother about the physiology of pregnancy
and labor by demonstration, charts and diagrams so that
fear is removed and psychology is improved.

6. CONTINUE...
o To discuss the couple about the place, time and
mode of delivery, provisionally and care of the
newborn.
o Decision regarding timing and mode of delivery.
o To motivate the couple about the need of family
planning and also appropriate advice to couple
seeking medical termination of pregnancy.
o To remove anxiety associated with delivery.
o To improve the physical and mental health of
women and children.

7. OBJECTIVE
 To ensure a normal pregnancy with delivery of a
healthy baby from a healthy mother.

8. Importance of Antenatal Care
 To ensure that the pregnant woman and her
fetus are in the best possible health.
 To detect early and treat properly
complications
 Offering education for parenthood
 To prepare the woman for labor, lactation and
care of her infant.

9. Antenatal Visits:
The WHO recommends that pregnant women should
all receive four antenatal visits to spot and treat
problems and give immunizations.
Although antenatal care is important to improve the
health of both mother and baby, many women do
not receive four visits.

10. CONT..
• First visit: confirmation of pregnancy
• Second visit: 20-28 weeks
• Third visit: 34-36 weeks
• Fourth visit: before expected date of delivery or when
the pregnant woman feels she needs to consult health
worker.
Every woman should have a record file and every event
should be written in it. If pregnancy is passing
uneventfully these visits are enough but if
complications arise we need more visits.

11. Antenatal Visits

12. FirstTrimesterVisit
 Confirm intrauterine pregnancy and assess the
gestational age.
 We have to deal with complications that present
with vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain.
 Women can be investigated using history,
examination, biochemical testing & trans-vaginal
U/S to exclude non-viable pregnancy, ectopic
pregnancy or hydatiform mole.

14. Second Trimester Visit
 Assessment of maternal health & fetal growth &
wellbeing.
 The results of tests performed at 1st trimester visit
are reviewed with the mother
 The results of the U/S scan for fetal abnormality are
also reviewed.
 Any incidental maternal symptoms are dealt with,
this period is also important in insuring the
education of the woman regarding the rest of
pregnancy & her delivery.

17. Third Trimester Visit
 The primary objective of this visit is to anticipate any
problems regarding the prospective delivery. Uterine
fundal height, fetal lie, presentation & position are
mandatory.
 Vaginal examination will help us to check for any
abnormality in the pelvis, cervical status, fetal
presenting part, station & position.
 Mode of delivery & planned contraception after
delivery should is discussed at this time.

18. HISTORY

19. HISTORY
HISTORY TAKING /HEALTH HISTORY:
 Identification data
of the patient
 Name
 Age
 Sex
 Bed no.
 Ward
 Address
 Nationality
 Diagnosis
 Religion
 Education
 Occupation
 Dr. incharge
 D.o.a
 Source of information

20. Cont..
 Chief complaints
 Present history of illness
 Past medical history
 Childhood illness
 Immunization
 Medical history
 Surgical history
 Personal history
 Drug addiction
 Dietary habits
 Sleeping patterns
 Nutritional patterns
 Hygiene
 Allergies
 hobbies
 Menstrual history
 Age of menarche
 Cycle
 Duration
 LMP
 Dysmenorrhoea
 Marital history
 Age of marriage
 Type of marriage
 No. of children
 Any sexual disorder
 Relationship with husband

21. Cont..
 Past Obstetrical history
 Mode of delivery
 Still birth
 Abortion
 Year of last delivery
 no. of live birth
 Health of
parents/sibling/spouse/child
ren
 Parents
 Siblings
 Spouse
 Children
 Family members
 Family medical history
 Family surgical history
 Family tree
 Psychosocial history
 Primary language
 Secondary language
 House(rent/own)
 Position of patient in family
 Socio economic status of the
patient.

22. Cont..
 Environmental
history
 Cleanness of house
 Type of residence
 Village/city/town
 Water supply
 Sanitation
 Drainage system
 Mode of transportation
 Vital signs
o Temperature
o Respiration
o Pulse
o Blood pressure

23. Cont..
 Investigations-
(Lab. Investigations )
 Hb estimation Blood
grouping, Rh typing ,
 Urine R/M/E,
 VDRL, RBS, HBs Ag test ,
 USG for Pregnancy ,
 Profile check Stool/ urine
for the presence of
albumin.
 Pap test (if facilities)
 Chest X-Ray and
Gonorrhoea test(if
needed).
 Medication-
 Other supportive therapies.

24. Physical Examination

25. Physical Examination
 General appearance
 Head and neck
 Face
 Eye
 Nose
 Ear
 Mouth: lips, mucosa, tongue, teeth, neck
 Breast inspection
Shape
Nipple shape
Dryness
Cracked nipple
Scar formation
Enlargement

26. Cont..
 Chest
Symmetry
Respiratory rate
Apical pulse
Percussion(fluid accumulation)
Auscultation
Wheezing sounds
Heart rate
Abdomen-
Shape
Abdomial girth
Linea nigra
Measurement of fundal height
Fetal heart sounds
Fetal movements
Fetal parts multiple pregnancies
Fetal lie and presentation
Inspection of abdominal scar
 Genital area
Hygiene
Tenderness
Chadwick sign

27. Cont..

28. Cont..
Extremities
 Range of motion
 Pain
 Leg cramps
 Edema

30. Health Teaching During Pregnancy
 Health promotion during pregnancy begins with
reviewing :
 Hygiene
 Sleep
 Breast care
 Dental care
 Dressing
 Travel
 Sexual activity
 Exercises

32. Hygiene:
 Daily bath is recommended, as it stimulation
refreshing and relaxing.
 Daily all over wash is necessary because it is
stimulating, refreshing, and relaxing.

33. CONTINUE…..
 Hot bath should be avoided because they may
cause fatigue & fainting.
 Regular washing for genital area, axila, and breast
due to increased discharge and sweating.
 Vaginal douches should avoid except in case of
excessive secretion or infection.

34. SUMMARY
 Definition and introduction of the topic
 about antenatal care &
 the goals of antenatal care,
 antenatal visit &
 the collection of history from the patient &
 their heath teaching &
 the hygiene about antenatal woman.

35. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Dutta DC “textbook of obstetric”, edition 8th
Jaypee publication, page 52-64
 Myles “textbook for midwives”, 16th edition
Elsevier publication, page no.55-77.
 Jacob Annamma a comprehensive “textbook
of midwifery and gynecological nursing” 3rd
edition, Jaypee publication page no,37-51.