1. Synthetic oils are manufactured using chemical synthesis and contain additives. They can be made from synthetic hydrocarbons, organic esters, or other materials like phosphate esters or silicones. 2. Synthetic oils offer advantages over mineral oils like wider temperature ranges, better oxidation stability, and lower friction for improved fuel economy. They form thicker oil films for better wear protection. 3. Pertamina's synthetic oil products include the Fastron fully synthetic 0W-50 engine oil with PAO base oil and synthetic compressor oils under the GC Lube Syn brand made with diester base oil.

1. Synthetic Oil
Fadilwan-Product Development
PELUMAS PERTAMINA

2. Pelumas Synthetic
Pelumas Synthetic = Base Oil Synthetic + Additive
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3. API Base oil Category
Base Oil Sulfur Saturates Viscosity
Catagory (%) (%) Index
Group I > 0.03 and/or < 90 80 to 120
Group II < 0.03 and > 90 80 to 120
Group III < 0.03 and > 90 > 120
Group IV All polyphaolefins
(PAOs)
Group V All Other not include in
Group I,II,III or IV
Note ;
In 1999 , the US National Advertising Divison of Council of Better Bussiness
Bureaus ruled that Group III base oil can be referred to as “SYNTHETIC”
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4. Karakteristik Base Oil Group 3 vs GrI /Gr II
Properties ASTM Dubase 4 Dubase 6 Yubase 6 Group 1 Group 1 Group 2
Method HVI 95 HVI 60 VCBS 95
Colour ASTM D1500 L0.5 L0.5 L0.5 L 1.0 L0.5 L1.0
Viscosity kinematics, D445
cSt
o @ 40 oC 17.80 35.24 35.70 51.42 24.5 32.75
o @100 oC 4.09 6.60 6.39 7.20 4.59 5.74
Viscosity index D2270 135 145 131 98 101 117
Noack volatility, %loss D5800 15.9 7.3 8.5 12.0 16 12.8
o
CCS @ -30 C, cP D5293 1200 3500 4000 - - -
Pour point, D5950 -21 -15 -15 -9 -12 -12
Sulfur content, ppm D4294 4 5 14 650 6650 918
Base oil characteristic: D2007
o Saturated, %wt 99.22 98.93 98.59 72.10 75.8 93.37
o Aromatic, %wt 0.66 1.04 0.91 27.10 23.9 6.07
o Polar, %wt 0.04 0.19 0.16 0.5 0.3 0.1
Nitrogen Content D3228 26 23 - 11 37 18
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5. ASTM Definition
A synthetic lubricant is a product which consists of stocks
manufatured by chemical synthesis and containing necessary
performance additives
ASTM Classification Synthetic Base Fluids
1. Synthetic Hydrocarbon
• Alkylated Aromatics
• Olefin Oligomers (PAO) : more widely used
• Cycloaliphatics
2. Organic Esters
• Dibasic Acid Esters
• Polyol Esters
3. Others
• Halogenated Hydrocarbons
• Phosphate Esters
• Polyglycol Ethers
• Polyphenyl Ethers
• Silicate Esters
• Silicones
• Blends
• Mixtures of the above
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6. World wide market
• Polyglycol : 38%
• Synthesized Hydrocarbon : 33%
• Organic Esters : 22%
• Phosphate Ester : 5%
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7. PELUMAS SYNTHETIC
Fire
Resistance
Wide
Oxidation
Operating
Stability
Temp
Lower Thermal
Advantage
Pour Point Stability
Higher Higher Visc.
Flash Point Index
Better
Lubricity
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8. PELUMAS SYNTHETIC
High
Cost
Mix
Toxicity
Ability
Disadvantage
Seal Hydrolytic
Compatability Stability
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9. Mengapa memakai Synthetic Oil?
Problem Solver
Problem Solver
Energy
Temperature
Wear
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10. Synthetic Oil have low Coef. Friction
Benefit : Fuel Economy and Energy Saving
Friction Forces
Synthetic Oil
Higher
Mineral Oil
Friction Forces
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11. Synthetic Oil have High Film Strength
Synthetic Oil
Mineral Oil
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12. EHD oil film thickness in 5W-40 PCDO
40 oC
60 oC
21nm
80 oC
100 oC
Dubase based oil sample
shows thicker oil film at low
24.6nm rolling speeds under all temperature
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15. Page 15

16. Temperature Operating Range
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17. Page 17

18. Summary of Synthetic Base Stock Properties
Base Stock Strengths Weakness
PAO Wide temperature Additive solubility
operating range Blend with ester
Alkylated Aromatic Low Temperature Volatility, Lubricity
Properties and oxidation
Diester Solvency and Seal and Paint
Detergency compatability
PAG Water versality & Compatability &
low hydrocarbon hygroscopic ability
solubility, No
deposit formation &
High VI
Phospate Ester Fire Resistance Solvency & VI
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19. Pelumas Synthetic produk PERTAMINA
• Engine Oil :
– FASTRON Fully Synthetic 0W-50 – (PAO Base Oil)
– FASTRON Synthetic series
– FASTRON DIESEL 15W-40
• Synthetic Compressor Oil :
– GC Lube Syn series (Diester base oil)
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