This document discusses the need for low-viscosity engine oils for low-fuel consumption and zero-emission cars. It provides background on emission regulations and how they are driving engine technology development requirements. Fuel and engine oil specifications must also be developed to meet these new standards. The document concludes by discussing how low-viscosity lubricants can help achieve both low fuel consumption and zero emissions from cars.
The document summarizes key findings from a global mobile survey about automotive preferences:
- Toyota was the most preferred global auto brand, chosen by 32% of over 60,000 respondents across 125 countries. BMW was the most desired luxury brand at 35%.
- When evaluating auto purchases, nearly 20% said cost was the top factor, followed by safety at 15% and engine/power at 13%.
- Over a third intend to purchase a new car within the next three to six months.
Yandex - Russian Automotive Market Update - February 2011Preston Carey
The document summarizes the Russian automotive market in February 2011. It notes that the automotive industry is one of Yandex's top industries and is growing quickly. The Russian automotive market saw strong growth in 2010 and is the 10th largest market worldwide, though car ownership remains low compared to Western countries. The government strongly supports the domestic automotive industry through subsidies and import restrictions. Foreign brands dominate the top automotive brands in Russia by market share. Passenger cars represent the largest category of automotive spend on Yandex.
J. D. Power: Buick Jaguar Rank Highest in Dependability - March 2009Ralph Paglia
Buick and Jaguar tied for the highest ranking in vehicle dependability according to the 2009 Vehicle Dependability Study. Lexus, Toyota, and Mercury followed as the next highest ranking brands. Toyota received the most segment awards with five models ranking highest in their categories. The study found that improving long-term vehicle dependability is important as consumers are keeping their vehicles longer. Component replacement rates significantly impact customer loyalty.
Review of Indonesia's Automotive Market Review by Daniel Doni SundjojoDaniel Doni
Indonesia's automotive industry has been growing steadily in recent years. Toyota dominates the market, holding 40.6% market share as of September 2010. Daihatsu and Mitsubishi are the second and third largest manufacturers. Toyota also leads in unit sales with over 150,000 vehicles sold so far in 2010. Suzuki has the most dealer outlets at 202, followed closely by Toyota and Daihatsu. Toyota outlets have the highest sales productivity. The industry has recovered strongly since its decline in 2006 and the government forecasts continued GDP growth which bodes well for further expansion of Indonesia's automotive sector.
Jim Donlon, Chief Financial Officer of ArvinMeritor, presented at the Lehman Brothers Industrial Select Conference. He discussed (1) the sale of the company's Emissions Technologies business for $310 million, which will allow the company to focus on its core businesses. He (2) outlined the company's growth strategy going forward, which includes tripling sales in Asia and aftermarket. The sale will (3) narrow the company's focus and allow it to invest proceeds into organic growth, acquisitions, and paying down long-term liabilities.
Spectrum car brand index~the consumer view of car brandsSpectrum_Insight
The document discusses a car brand index from Spectrum Consulting that analyzes social media mentions and online searches to measure consumer interest and perceptions of different car brands. It provides data on the top 10 most mentioned car models on Twitter in late 2011, led by the Honda Civic. Additionally, it shows the percentage of "share of voice" that different car brands had in Google searches in December 2011, with Ford having the highest at around 10%. The index aims to understand how the automotive industry's large branding investments impact consumer behavior online.
The document summarizes key findings from a global mobile survey about automotive preferences:
- Toyota was the most preferred global auto brand, chosen by 32% of over 60,000 respondents across 125 countries. BMW was the most desired luxury brand at 35%.
- When evaluating auto purchases, nearly 20% said cost was the top factor, followed by safety at 15% and engine/power at 13%.
- Over a third intend to purchase a new car within the next three to six months.
Yandex - Russian Automotive Market Update - February 2011Preston Carey
The document summarizes the Russian automotive market in February 2011. It notes that the automotive industry is one of Yandex's top industries and is growing quickly. The Russian automotive market saw strong growth in 2010 and is the 10th largest market worldwide, though car ownership remains low compared to Western countries. The government strongly supports the domestic automotive industry through subsidies and import restrictions. Foreign brands dominate the top automotive brands in Russia by market share. Passenger cars represent the largest category of automotive spend on Yandex.
J. D. Power: Buick Jaguar Rank Highest in Dependability - March 2009Ralph Paglia
Buick and Jaguar tied for the highest ranking in vehicle dependability according to the 2009 Vehicle Dependability Study. Lexus, Toyota, and Mercury followed as the next highest ranking brands. Toyota received the most segment awards with five models ranking highest in their categories. The study found that improving long-term vehicle dependability is important as consumers are keeping their vehicles longer. Component replacement rates significantly impact customer loyalty.
Review of Indonesia's Automotive Market Review by Daniel Doni SundjojoDaniel Doni
Indonesia's automotive industry has been growing steadily in recent years. Toyota dominates the market, holding 40.6% market share as of September 2010. Daihatsu and Mitsubishi are the second and third largest manufacturers. Toyota also leads in unit sales with over 150,000 vehicles sold so far in 2010. Suzuki has the most dealer outlets at 202, followed closely by Toyota and Daihatsu. Toyota outlets have the highest sales productivity. The industry has recovered strongly since its decline in 2006 and the government forecasts continued GDP growth which bodes well for further expansion of Indonesia's automotive sector.
Jim Donlon, Chief Financial Officer of ArvinMeritor, presented at the Lehman Brothers Industrial Select Conference. He discussed (1) the sale of the company's Emissions Technologies business for $310 million, which will allow the company to focus on its core businesses. He (2) outlined the company's growth strategy going forward, which includes tripling sales in Asia and aftermarket. The sale will (3) narrow the company's focus and allow it to invest proceeds into organic growth, acquisitions, and paying down long-term liabilities.
Spectrum car brand index~the consumer view of car brandsSpectrum_Insight
The document discusses a car brand index from Spectrum Consulting that analyzes social media mentions and online searches to measure consumer interest and perceptions of different car brands. It provides data on the top 10 most mentioned car models on Twitter in late 2011, led by the Honda Civic. Additionally, it shows the percentage of "share of voice" that different car brands had in Google searches in December 2011, with Ford having the highest at around 10%. The index aims to understand how the automotive industry's large branding investments impact consumer behavior online.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Phil Martens, President of Light Vehicle Systems at ArvinMeritor, and Jim Donlon, Senior Vice President and CFO of ArvinMeritor, at the Morgan Stanley Global Automotive Conference. The presentation provides an overview of Light Vehicle Systems, its performance and margins, strategies for improving performance through initiatives like Performance Plus, new product development focusing on smart systems and expanding engineering capabilities, and a strategy for growth in Asia.
Toyota was the top selling automaker in Thailand in September 2012 with 46,568 vehicles sold. For the January-September period, Toyota sold 380,751 vehicles. In September, the top 10 best selling vehicles were dominated by pickup trucks and SUVs with the Toyota Hilux as the top seller at 20,364 units. For the first 9 months of the year, Toyota was also the top seller among passenger vehicles with 167,026 units sold. Overall automotive sales in Thailand for January-September 2012 reached 1,706,389 units, a 33% increase from the same period in 2011.
Ford Motor Company's 2006 Annual Report outlines the company's transformation into a more globally integrated and customer-driven automaker. [1] Key steps include streamlining costs, improving quality and speeding product development to provide more exciting vehicles faster. [2] Under new CEO Alan Mulally, Ford is taking actions to reduce costs while accelerating new product introductions, with 70% of its North American lineup refreshed by 2008. [3] Mulally aims to return the North American operations to profitability by 2009 and make Ford a leader in producing desirable, fuel efficient vehicles.
Brand Management - Tata – JLR: Future of the marriageGopalakrishnan D
This document analyzes the brands and identities of Tata, Jaguar, and Land Rover following Tata's acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover from Ford in 2008. It begins with brief backgrounds of the Tata group, Jaguar Land Rover, and the acquisition deal. It then analyzes the brands through a strategic brand analysis including self, competitor, and customer analyses. Key points made include that Jaguar and Land Rover are prestigious supercar brands that should focus on exclusivity over volume. BMW is identified as the main competitor significantly outselling Jaguar Land Rover. The analysis concludes that Jaguar Land Rover will continue losing money for Tata over the next decade even if investments are made in reviving
Social Leaderboard_Indian luxury car brands_14 September 2012 Shack Co.
Shack evaluated India's three top-selling luxury car brands – BMW, Audi and Mercedes-Benz – to derive a comparative benchmark of their standing on social platforms.
To request for a detailed report, you can reach us at info@shack.co.in
Fev at the third edition of Take A Breath, workshop organized by Loccioni Group, to discuss the potential of innovation in the automotive industry.
On 28th and 29th June 2012, 50 companies of 12 countries - including automobile manufacturers (OEMs), automotive component manufacturers (Tier 1) and the international scientific community - met in Italy in Marche region, to discuss the future of the motor.The international speakers parterre - from Volksvagen to Daimler, from General Motors to Ferrari, with Denso, Magneti Marelli, Continental, Delphi, Bosch, IAV, Cummins, Fev, Ricardo with the Polytechnic of Turin and Chalmers University - has drawn the technical, economic and scientific scenario of the sector as well as the current international strategies.
This document provides research on residential car parking demand. It examines factors that influence car ownership and parking needs, such as dwelling size and location, availability of parking spaces, and allocation of spaces. The research establishes a national matrix of average car ownership levels based on 2001 Census data to help calculate parking demand for new residential developments. Worked examples are provided to illustrate how allocated parking spaces can increase overall parking requirements.
Twenty-seven vehicles from twelve manufacturers earn the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's 2010 TOP SAFETY PICK award for demonstrating good ratings for occupant protection in frontal, side, rear, and now roof strength tests. For the first time, good performance in a new roof strength test measuring protection in rollovers is required. While many vehicles improved, some like the Toyota Camry and Honda Accord lost the award for insufficient roof strength ratings. The addition of the roof test criterion recognizes manufacturers that provide good rollover protection.
VISTEON - Benefícios do molde protótipo no desenvolvimento de novos produtos ...Robtec
This document outlines Visteon's product development strategy for new exterior auto parts. It involves 8 phases: 1) CAD design and analysis, 2) SLA prototype construction, 3) prototype injection tooling, 4) dimensional verification, 5) product shipment, 6) performance validation, 7) production tooling, and 8) product launch. It then discusses Visteon's partnership with Robtec to outsource the SLA prototype, tooling, and shipping phases.
1) Twenty-seven vehicles, including 19 cars and 8 SUVs, earned the TOP SAFETY PICK award for 2010 from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. This is the highest honor for vehicle safety.
2) For the first time, good performance in roof strength tests measuring protection during a rollover crash was required. Stronger roofs can reduce the risk of serious injury in rollovers by 50%.
3) Honda, Ford, Toyota, and some other manufacturers who previously won did not qualify in 2010 due to inadequate roof strength or other safety issues that need minor improvements according to IIHS.
dana holdings CADF2722-6DAB-4150-AF59-82832D202677_Barclays021009finance42
Dana Holding Corporation presented at the Barclays Capital Industrial Select Conference on February 10, 2009. The presentation focused on Dana's key priorities in 2008, which included rebuilding its team with new leadership, jump-starting operations through cost reduction initiatives, addressing strategic issues, and improving financial performance. Dana outlined actions taken in each area, including leadership changes, plant closures and workforce reductions, and aggressive pricing negotiations. The presentation also provided an overview of Dana's diverse markets, geographic revenues, customers, and debt maturity profile as context.
dana holdings 9A1CE957-B9FA-4AEB-B390-1F304160E552_JPMorgan020309finance42
Dana Holding Corporation presented at the J.P. Morgan Global High Yield & Leveraged Finance Conference on February 3, 2009. The presentation focused on Dana's key priorities in 2008, which included rebuilding its management team, jump-starting operations through cost reduction actions, addressing strategic issues, and improving financial performance. Dana also discussed its diverse markets, geographic revenues, customer base, debt maturity profile, and pension management issues. The presentation provided an overview of Dana's actions taken in 2008 and outlook for 2009.
This document analyzes Africa's shifting economic partnerships, noting that emerging partners like China, India, Turkey, Brazil and South Korea have become major drivers of Africa's growth, surpassing traditional partners in some trade. While traditional partners still play a significant role, emerging partners now account for 39% of Africa's total trade, up from 23% in 2000. China in particular has tripled its share of Africa's trade. However, the report also finds that emerging and traditional partners take complementary approaches that often benefit African countries, and that fears of harm have exceeded the actual impacts so far. It calls into question perceptions that emerging partners undermine governance, contribute to debt or deindustrialization.
The document summarizes information about the Tata Nano car project in India. It describes the launch and initial success of the Nano in 2008, aimed at making cars affordable for lower income groups. However, sales then declined from 2010 due to issues like production delays, safety concerns, and the perception that the Nano was a "cheap" car. The document also analyzes the Indian automobile market and identifies opportunities and challenges for new car competitors.
Dokumen ini membahas implementasi penggunaan bahan bakar gas (BBG) untuk sektor transportasi di DKI Jakarta berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 2/2005 tentang Pengendalian Pencemaran Udara. Dokumen ini menguraikan sejarah penggunaan BBG di Indonesia dan berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi. Selanjutnya dokumen ini memberikan rekomendasi skema insentif ekonomi untuk memfasilitasi pemilik kendaraan dalam mengimplementasikan kewajiban pengguna
1) Indonesia aims to increase biofuel share in transportation to 7.6% bioethanol and 1.9% biodiesel by 2010 according to its national energy policy.
2) The national biofuel program focuses on developing energy self-sufficient villages and enabling each region to develop its biofuel potential to create jobs.
3) The strategy is to fast track biofuel development in the short run through job creation, while promoting long run energy independence at the village level by utilizing local biofuel resources.
The document discusses the American Petroleum Institute's (API) engine oil licensing and certification system. It provides background on API, describes the voluntary program that defines and monitors performance of engine oils. The system licenses the use of API marks on oils that meet standards. The document outlines the history of API gasoline and diesel engine oil performance categories and standards. It discusses the API certification marks, current gasoline and diesel standards, and the API aftermarket audit program to ensure licensed products meet standards. The document proposes expanding the program with a new "Motor Oil Matters" campaign to educate consumers on the importance of using high-quality certified engine oils.
This document summarizes Indonesia's progress in developing biofuels. It outlines national targets for biofuel usage, key policies and regulations supporting biofuel development, and challenges. Progress includes biodiesel and bioethanol already being sold in parts of Indonesia, and commitments from investors and initial production facilities coming online. However, challenges remain around land availability, feedstock prices, and achieving cost competitiveness with fossil fuels.
The document discusses fuel quality requirements for vehicles in Indonesia. It outlines Pertamina's role as Indonesia's state-owned oil and gas company and details the country's fuel specifications to meet Euro emission standards. These include reducing sulfur content in gasoline and diesel. The document also promotes the use of biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel to meet energy security, environmental, and economic goals in Indonesia.
This document discusses the evolving demands on engine oils in Asia due to changing emissions legislation, increased fuel economy requirements, and more severe operating conditions. Emissions regulations are driving new engine designs and aftertreatment systems. Engine oils must now provide improved fuel economy, meet emissions standards, and ensure durability under harsh conditions. The Asian market for engine oils is highly fragmented with varying fuel qualities, biodiesel usage, operating environments, and vehicle types. As a result, formulations need to be tailored to specific applications and meet diverse performance needs across the region.
The American Petroleum Institute (API) is a trade association that represents the oil and gas industry. It establishes standards for engine oils through its Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System program. This voluntary program defines performance requirements for engine oils and licenses the use of API certification marks for oils that meet these standards. The API works with other organizations to continuously update performance standards in order to protect engines and the environment as technology advances.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Phil Martens, President of Light Vehicle Systems at ArvinMeritor, and Jim Donlon, Senior Vice President and CFO of ArvinMeritor, at the Morgan Stanley Global Automotive Conference. The presentation provides an overview of Light Vehicle Systems, its performance and margins, strategies for improving performance through initiatives like Performance Plus, new product development focusing on smart systems and expanding engineering capabilities, and a strategy for growth in Asia.
Toyota was the top selling automaker in Thailand in September 2012 with 46,568 vehicles sold. For the January-September period, Toyota sold 380,751 vehicles. In September, the top 10 best selling vehicles were dominated by pickup trucks and SUVs with the Toyota Hilux as the top seller at 20,364 units. For the first 9 months of the year, Toyota was also the top seller among passenger vehicles with 167,026 units sold. Overall automotive sales in Thailand for January-September 2012 reached 1,706,389 units, a 33% increase from the same period in 2011.
Ford Motor Company's 2006 Annual Report outlines the company's transformation into a more globally integrated and customer-driven automaker. [1] Key steps include streamlining costs, improving quality and speeding product development to provide more exciting vehicles faster. [2] Under new CEO Alan Mulally, Ford is taking actions to reduce costs while accelerating new product introductions, with 70% of its North American lineup refreshed by 2008. [3] Mulally aims to return the North American operations to profitability by 2009 and make Ford a leader in producing desirable, fuel efficient vehicles.
Brand Management - Tata – JLR: Future of the marriageGopalakrishnan D
This document analyzes the brands and identities of Tata, Jaguar, and Land Rover following Tata's acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover from Ford in 2008. It begins with brief backgrounds of the Tata group, Jaguar Land Rover, and the acquisition deal. It then analyzes the brands through a strategic brand analysis including self, competitor, and customer analyses. Key points made include that Jaguar and Land Rover are prestigious supercar brands that should focus on exclusivity over volume. BMW is identified as the main competitor significantly outselling Jaguar Land Rover. The analysis concludes that Jaguar Land Rover will continue losing money for Tata over the next decade even if investments are made in reviving
Social Leaderboard_Indian luxury car brands_14 September 2012 Shack Co.
Shack evaluated India's three top-selling luxury car brands – BMW, Audi and Mercedes-Benz – to derive a comparative benchmark of their standing on social platforms.
To request for a detailed report, you can reach us at info@shack.co.in
Fev at the third edition of Take A Breath, workshop organized by Loccioni Group, to discuss the potential of innovation in the automotive industry.
On 28th and 29th June 2012, 50 companies of 12 countries - including automobile manufacturers (OEMs), automotive component manufacturers (Tier 1) and the international scientific community - met in Italy in Marche region, to discuss the future of the motor.The international speakers parterre - from Volksvagen to Daimler, from General Motors to Ferrari, with Denso, Magneti Marelli, Continental, Delphi, Bosch, IAV, Cummins, Fev, Ricardo with the Polytechnic of Turin and Chalmers University - has drawn the technical, economic and scientific scenario of the sector as well as the current international strategies.
This document provides research on residential car parking demand. It examines factors that influence car ownership and parking needs, such as dwelling size and location, availability of parking spaces, and allocation of spaces. The research establishes a national matrix of average car ownership levels based on 2001 Census data to help calculate parking demand for new residential developments. Worked examples are provided to illustrate how allocated parking spaces can increase overall parking requirements.
Twenty-seven vehicles from twelve manufacturers earn the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's 2010 TOP SAFETY PICK award for demonstrating good ratings for occupant protection in frontal, side, rear, and now roof strength tests. For the first time, good performance in a new roof strength test measuring protection in rollovers is required. While many vehicles improved, some like the Toyota Camry and Honda Accord lost the award for insufficient roof strength ratings. The addition of the roof test criterion recognizes manufacturers that provide good rollover protection.
VISTEON - Benefícios do molde protótipo no desenvolvimento de novos produtos ...Robtec
This document outlines Visteon's product development strategy for new exterior auto parts. It involves 8 phases: 1) CAD design and analysis, 2) SLA prototype construction, 3) prototype injection tooling, 4) dimensional verification, 5) product shipment, 6) performance validation, 7) production tooling, and 8) product launch. It then discusses Visteon's partnership with Robtec to outsource the SLA prototype, tooling, and shipping phases.
1) Twenty-seven vehicles, including 19 cars and 8 SUVs, earned the TOP SAFETY PICK award for 2010 from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. This is the highest honor for vehicle safety.
2) For the first time, good performance in roof strength tests measuring protection during a rollover crash was required. Stronger roofs can reduce the risk of serious injury in rollovers by 50%.
3) Honda, Ford, Toyota, and some other manufacturers who previously won did not qualify in 2010 due to inadequate roof strength or other safety issues that need minor improvements according to IIHS.
dana holdings CADF2722-6DAB-4150-AF59-82832D202677_Barclays021009finance42
Dana Holding Corporation presented at the Barclays Capital Industrial Select Conference on February 10, 2009. The presentation focused on Dana's key priorities in 2008, which included rebuilding its team with new leadership, jump-starting operations through cost reduction initiatives, addressing strategic issues, and improving financial performance. Dana outlined actions taken in each area, including leadership changes, plant closures and workforce reductions, and aggressive pricing negotiations. The presentation also provided an overview of Dana's diverse markets, geographic revenues, customers, and debt maturity profile as context.
dana holdings 9A1CE957-B9FA-4AEB-B390-1F304160E552_JPMorgan020309finance42
Dana Holding Corporation presented at the J.P. Morgan Global High Yield & Leveraged Finance Conference on February 3, 2009. The presentation focused on Dana's key priorities in 2008, which included rebuilding its management team, jump-starting operations through cost reduction actions, addressing strategic issues, and improving financial performance. Dana also discussed its diverse markets, geographic revenues, customer base, debt maturity profile, and pension management issues. The presentation provided an overview of Dana's actions taken in 2008 and outlook for 2009.
This document analyzes Africa's shifting economic partnerships, noting that emerging partners like China, India, Turkey, Brazil and South Korea have become major drivers of Africa's growth, surpassing traditional partners in some trade. While traditional partners still play a significant role, emerging partners now account for 39% of Africa's total trade, up from 23% in 2000. China in particular has tripled its share of Africa's trade. However, the report also finds that emerging and traditional partners take complementary approaches that often benefit African countries, and that fears of harm have exceeded the actual impacts so far. It calls into question perceptions that emerging partners undermine governance, contribute to debt or deindustrialization.
The document summarizes information about the Tata Nano car project in India. It describes the launch and initial success of the Nano in 2008, aimed at making cars affordable for lower income groups. However, sales then declined from 2010 due to issues like production delays, safety concerns, and the perception that the Nano was a "cheap" car. The document also analyzes the Indian automobile market and identifies opportunities and challenges for new car competitors.
Dokumen ini membahas implementasi penggunaan bahan bakar gas (BBG) untuk sektor transportasi di DKI Jakarta berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 2/2005 tentang Pengendalian Pencemaran Udara. Dokumen ini menguraikan sejarah penggunaan BBG di Indonesia dan berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi. Selanjutnya dokumen ini memberikan rekomendasi skema insentif ekonomi untuk memfasilitasi pemilik kendaraan dalam mengimplementasikan kewajiban pengguna
1) Indonesia aims to increase biofuel share in transportation to 7.6% bioethanol and 1.9% biodiesel by 2010 according to its national energy policy.
2) The national biofuel program focuses on developing energy self-sufficient villages and enabling each region to develop its biofuel potential to create jobs.
3) The strategy is to fast track biofuel development in the short run through job creation, while promoting long run energy independence at the village level by utilizing local biofuel resources.
The document discusses the American Petroleum Institute's (API) engine oil licensing and certification system. It provides background on API, describes the voluntary program that defines and monitors performance of engine oils. The system licenses the use of API marks on oils that meet standards. The document outlines the history of API gasoline and diesel engine oil performance categories and standards. It discusses the API certification marks, current gasoline and diesel standards, and the API aftermarket audit program to ensure licensed products meet standards. The document proposes expanding the program with a new "Motor Oil Matters" campaign to educate consumers on the importance of using high-quality certified engine oils.
This document summarizes Indonesia's progress in developing biofuels. It outlines national targets for biofuel usage, key policies and regulations supporting biofuel development, and challenges. Progress includes biodiesel and bioethanol already being sold in parts of Indonesia, and commitments from investors and initial production facilities coming online. However, challenges remain around land availability, feedstock prices, and achieving cost competitiveness with fossil fuels.
The document discusses fuel quality requirements for vehicles in Indonesia. It outlines Pertamina's role as Indonesia's state-owned oil and gas company and details the country's fuel specifications to meet Euro emission standards. These include reducing sulfur content in gasoline and diesel. The document also promotes the use of biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel to meet energy security, environmental, and economic goals in Indonesia.
This document discusses the evolving demands on engine oils in Asia due to changing emissions legislation, increased fuel economy requirements, and more severe operating conditions. Emissions regulations are driving new engine designs and aftertreatment systems. Engine oils must now provide improved fuel economy, meet emissions standards, and ensure durability under harsh conditions. The Asian market for engine oils is highly fragmented with varying fuel qualities, biodiesel usage, operating environments, and vehicle types. As a result, formulations need to be tailored to specific applications and meet diverse performance needs across the region.
The American Petroleum Institute (API) is a trade association that represents the oil and gas industry. It establishes standards for engine oils through its Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System program. This voluntary program defines performance requirements for engine oils and licenses the use of API certification marks for oils that meet these standards. The API works with other organizations to continuously update performance standards in order to protect engines and the environment as technology advances.
This document discusses the need for low-viscosity engine oils for low-fuel consumption and zero-emission cars. It provides background on emission regulations and how they are driving engine technology development requirements. Fuel and engine oil specifications must also be developed to meet these new requirements. The document concludes by discussing how low-viscosity oils can help meet environmental and efficiency goals.
Indian Automotive Industry Presentation 010709Workosaur.com
The document provides an overview of the Indian automotive industry. It discusses the evolution of the industry from a closed market pre-1983 to its current state with global major automakers establishing assembly plants in India. It notes that the industry has grown to produce over 10 million vehicles annually. It also summarizes key segments, with two-wheelers accounting for 74% of production and having grown at a 9.6% CAGR, while passenger vehicles make up 16.3% and have increased at a 19.5% CAGR. The two-wheeler market is dominated by motorcycles, though scooter segments are shrinking.
Indian Auto Components Industry Presentation 060109Workosaur.com
The document provides an overview of the Indian auto components industry. It discusses the evolution and growth of the industry, highlighting that it has reached a size of US$18 billion in 2007-2008. It also notes that the industry is highly fragmented with over 575 organized players accounting for 77% of value added. Finally, it discusses the industry's focus on quality improvement and some Indian companies' overseas acquisitions to gain access to new skills and customers.
The document summarizes eMobility in the USA, including:
- The US automotive industry is centered around the Great Lakes region but transplant manufacturers are increasingly located in the South.
- German and Japanese brands hold the largest market share in the US, at 44.2% and 40.3% respectively.
- Sales of electrified vehicles, especially hybrids like the Toyota Prius, have been growing each year and now total over 1.88 million vehicles sold since 1999.
Group 1 Automotive is a top five U.S. automotive dealer group with over 170,000 vehicle sales in 2008 and $4.3 billion in annual revenue. In the first quarter of 2009, revenues decreased 32.2% to $1.02 billion compared to $1.5 billion in the first quarter of 2008. Parts and service generates 70% of gross profits and covers 75-85% of fixed costs. The company expects to dispose of some dealerships that do not provide acceptable returns in 2009 but does not plan additional acquisitions.
The document summarizes Lear Corporation's presentation at the 2006 Paris Auto Show JPMorgan Investor Conference. It discusses Lear's strategic evolution from an automotive seat manufacturer to an interior systems supplier. It also reviews Lear's financial performance, global competitiveness improvements through restructuring initiatives, new product innovations, and customer awards. Major launches for the second half of 2006 and 2007 are highlighted for North America, Europe, and Asia.
1) The document summarizes Jim Donlon, the Chief Financial Officer of Lehman Brothers, presenting at an industrial select conference.
2) It discusses Lehman Brothers agreeing to sell its Emissions Technologies business for $310 million, allowing it to focus on core areas like chassis, drivetrain and apertures.
3) The divestiture will reduce Lehman Brothers' sales from $8.9-9.1 billion to $5.9-6.1 billion and reduce facilities from 112 to 75 and employees from 27,500 to 20,000.
The automotive industry in South Africa saw rising confidence and positive media coverage in 2011:
- Media confidence in the automotive sector reached a three-year high in late 2011, with coverage trends increasing steadily since late 2010.
- Improved vehicle sales in 2010 and 2011 were attributed to better economic conditions and consumer financing, as well as new vehicle models.
- Traditional brands like Toyota and German manufacturers received the most coverage, with Toyota maintaining market share despite recalls and Germans garnering interest through new models.
- The industry's prospects were seen as tied to domestic and global economic volatility outside its control, but branding and communications were highlighted as important to supporting growth.
This document provides a summary of a presentation given by Chip McClure, Chairman and CEO of ArvinMeritor, and Jay Craig, Senior VP and CFO, at the JPMorgan Harbour Conference on August 13, 2008. The presentation discusses ArvinMeritor's Commercial Vehicle Systems and Light Vehicle Systems business segments, highlighting their geographic and customer diversity and leadership positions in various product categories. It also outlines ArvinMeritor's focus on value creation through geographic and customer balance, category leadership, and business transformation and cost control.
The document provides a summary of a presentation given by Chip McClure, Chairman and CEO of ArvinMeritor, and Jay Craig, Senior VP and CFO, at the JPMorgan Harbour Conference on August 13, 2008. The presentation discusses ArvinMeritor's business portfolio and strategy, including growing its most profitable sub-segments through product development and acquisitions, controlling costs through operational improvements, and creating shareholder value through business transformation initiatives like divestitures and the planned spin-off of its Light Vehicle Systems business.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Chip McClure, Chairman and CEO of ArvinMeritor, at the 2008 AANY Conference. The presentation discusses:
1) Challenges facing the company such as the economic outlook in North America and executing their Performance Plus initiatives.
2) Growth opportunities for the company in areas like Europe, Asia, commercial vehicle aftermarket, and specialty vehicles.
3) Key priorities including cost improvements, global growth initiatives, expanding the aftermarket business, and growing relationships with Asian OEMs.
2008 J.D. Power Automotive Online Marketing Review3GEngagement
This document summarizes findings from an automotive online marketing review by J.D. Power and Associates. It finds that 2008 US new vehicle sales will be the lowest since 1993 due to higher gas prices causing cars to outsell light trucks. Compact vehicles have also gained market share at the expense of midsize and large vehicles. While online marketing budgets are being reduced, automotive internet usage and time spent researching online is increasing, with more models viewed closer to purchase. The report also examines trends in mobile access, social media, and consumer reviews in influencing car shoppers.
Jd P Ower Auotmotive Online Marketing Review 2008rvarden
This document summarizes findings from an J.D. Power and Associates report on automotive online marketing in 2008. It includes the following key points in 3 sentences:
1) US new vehicle sales were forecast to be the lowest since 1993 due to higher gas prices causing cars to outsell light trucks. 2) Compact vehicles gained more market share at the expense of midsize and large vehicles. 3) While online marketing budgets were being cut back, automotive internet usage and time spent researching online continued growing, with more shoppers using search, social media, and mobile sites in their vehicle research.
The document summarizes key findings from Interbrand's "Japan's Best Global Brands 2011" report, which ranks the values of Japanese brands with global operations. Some key points:
- Toyota retained the top spot but fell 16% in value due to recalls. Excluding Toyota/Lexus, total brand value grew 2%.
- Shiseido rose to #10 due to success in China. Asics had the largest value increase thanks to running shoes and European apparel.
- Nomura, Unicharm, and Ajinomoto debuted in the rankings. NTT Docomo was ranked the top domestic Japanese brand but is only 1/3 the value of China Mobile.
- The
The automotive industry in Colombia has experienced rapid growth in recent years. Domestic production of light vehicles, trucks, buses, and auto parts has increased significantly. In 2011, total vehicle sales reached a record high of 324,570 units, up 28% from 2010. The industry represents about 2.5% of Colombia's manufacturing workforce. Key advantages for the industry in Colombia include an extensive network of domestic auto parts suppliers and favorable trade agreements that support regional content requirements for vehicle assembly. Continued growth of the middle class and implementation of mass transit systems are expected to further drive demand for vehicles in the coming years.
The document presents a project study report on the truck and bus radial tire segment. It discusses the major challenges facing the tire industry, including some customers using unbranded or Chinese tires and being unhappy with after-sales service. It analyzes JK Tyre's performance in the market and provides recommendations such as improving claim policies, increasing relationships with customers, and opening more service centers. The report is based on primary research conducted with 250 respondents in the Jaipur area.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Phil Martens, President of Light Vehicle Systems at ArvinMeritor, and Jim Donlon, Senior Vice President and CFO of ArvinMeritor, at the Morgan Stanley Global Automotive Conference. The presentation provides an overview of Light Vehicle Systems, its performance and margins, strategies for improving performance through initiatives like Performance Plus, new product development focusing on smart systems and expanding engineering capabilities, and a strategy for growth in Asia.
J D Power And Associates Online Automotive Marketing ReviewKelly Automotive
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The Japanese automotive industry ranks second globally and produces over 10 million vehicles annually. It presents opportunities for foreign firms providing innovative technologies. Japanese automakers develop advanced technologies and source over 70% of parts domestically or through foreign suppliers. Key automotive parts in demand include radiators, pistons, wiring harnesses, and transmissions. Foreign parts suppliers have found success by localizing production and closely collaborating with Japanese automakers. The industry faces pressures for cost reductions, environmental technologies, and optimization of global supply chains.
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Dokumen ini membahas implementasi penggunaan bahan bakar gas (BBG) untuk sektor transportasi di DKI Jakarta berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 2/2005 tentang Pengendalian Pencemaran Udara. Dokumen ini menguraikan latar belakang perkembangan penggunaan BBG di Indonesia selama 20 tahun terakhir dan masalah yang dihadapi. Dokumen ini juga memberikan rekomendasi skema insentif ekonomi untuk memfasilitasi pemilik kendaraan dalam menduk
SK Energy introduces Group III base oils as part of its product portfolio. Group III base oils have viscosity indexes over 120, high saturate content over 90%, and low sulfur levels below 0.03%. They provide benefits such as better low-temperature performance, lower oil consumption, and increased thermal and oxidative stability compared to other base oil groups. SK Energy is a leading producer of Group III base oils under the YUBASE brand and aims to expand its global market share.
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03 vice chairman of maspi, nugraha kartasasmitabocah666
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The document summarizes two Indonesia Fuel and Lube Conferences held in 2006 and 2007. It discusses the objectives of promoting the Indonesian downstream oil and gas industries and exchanging ideas on fuel and lubricants. It also outlines increasing environmental regulations globally requiring reduced vehicle emissions and the development of advanced engine technologies. The conferences aimed to discuss improving fuel and lubricant quality standards in Indonesia to meet these growing environmental and fuel economy challenges.
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Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang jenis dan potensi bahan bakar hayati. Bahan bakar hayati yang potensial meliputi biodiesel yang dibuat dari minyak nabati, bioetanol yang dibuat dari nira dan bahan berpati, biogas yang dihasilkan dari proses anaerobik limbah organik, serta biokerosin dan bioavtur yang dapat dihasilkan dari minyak buah pohon Pittosporum. Indonesia memiliki sumber daya alam yang berpotensi menghasilk
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Basic ghs workshop maspi final shorten 16 feb 2010bocah666
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Teks ini membahas cara meningkatkan kehandalan peralatan dan efektivitas biaya perawatan. Ia menyarankan untuk melakukan monitoring yang optimal, memilih alat monitoring sesuai, mengetahui mode kegagalan, dan memilih teknik perawatan yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kehandalan. Untuk meningkatkan efektivitas biaya, perlu ada klasifikasi tingkat kritisitas peralatan, prioritas pekerjaan, pengaturan suku cadang, dan perpanjangan umur pak
1. LOW-VISCOSITY LUBRICANT
LOW-VISCOSITY LUBRICANT
FOR
FOR
LOW-FUEL CONSUMPTION
LOW-FUEL CONSUMPTION
AND
AND
ZERO-EMISSION CAR
ZERO-EMISSION CAR
EKO RUDIANTO
PT. TOYOTA MOTOR MANUFACTURING INDONESIA
November, 2007
1
2. OVERVIEW
1. BACKGROUNG
2. OBJECTIVES
3. EMISSION REGULATION MOVEMENT
4. ENGINE TECH. DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENT
5. FUEL SPEC. QUALITY DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENT
6. ENGINE OIL SPEC. DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENT
7. DISCUSSION
8. CONCLUSION
2
4. ORGANIZATION OF UNWP29
UN GRPE Working Party on Pollution and Energy
Inland
Inland G R B Working Party on Noise
transport
transport
committee
committee
GRSG Working Party on General Safety Provisions
WP29
GRRF Working Party on Brakes and Running Gear
G R E Working Party on Lighting and Light-signaling
GRSP Working Party on Passive Safety
Source : GAIKINDO
4
5. GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE MEGA MERGER
Opel Suzuki
Fiat GENERAL MOTOR
Isuzu
Mazda SAAB TOYOTA
Hino
FORD Daihatsu
Volvo
RENAULT Subaru
Nissan
Diesel Nissan
Roll
BMW
Royce Honda
PEUGEOT
Mitsubishi DAIMLER
Chrysler AUDI VW
Source : GAIKINDO
5
6. GLOBAL PASSENGER CAR MARKET
• Substantial contribution to growth emanating from emerging auto markets:
China, India, Iran and Russia
• Toyota projected to overtake GM as world’s largest seller of automobiles this year;
Hyundai and Renault/Nissan also on the rise
80 18%
70 16%
Toyota
Units in Millions
60 14% GM
Sales Share
50 12% Ford
R/N
40 10%
VW
30 8%
Hyundai
20 6% DCX
10 4%
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source : GAIKINDO
6
7. ASEAN AUTOMOTIVE CONDITION
No.1
(1,000) Production In Total of ASEAN4 993,171
No.2
950
342,606
850 No.3
310,910
750 Toyota Honda
650 Isuzu Mitsubishi No.4
Nissan Perodua 280,804
550
Proton Suzuki
450 Ford Chevrolet No.5
255,981
350
250 No.6
216,385
150
No.7
50
152,185
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2012
YEAR
Source : GAIKINDO
7
8. INDONESIA AUTO INDUSTRY COMMUNITY
Jeep
Daihatsu Isuzu Djakarta
Motor
Nissan Hyun
KIA/ UD ASTRA dai
Biman
Motor Toyota
BMW GROUP tara
German
Neoplan Peugeot Fiat Motor
Mercedes B
Suzuki Ford Star
Datsun
Mazda Motor Honda
INDO Hino GMBI Honda Prospek
Nissan Chevrolet Motor
MOBIL Renault Citroen
Audi GROUP GM Berliet
Opel Holden
Ssang VW
Yong Volvo Alun
Mitsu
KTB
bishi Starsauto
Land Dinamika
Rover China
DAF IVECO
Sources :: GAIKINDO
Source
GAIKINDO
8
13. EMISSION REGULATION CONTROL
Gasoline and Diesel - Low Duty Car
(g/km)
20
CO
10
Euro-1 Euro-2 Euro-3 Euro-4 HYBRID CAR FUEL CELL
(g/km)
6
5
HC 4
+
3
NOx 2
1
Euro-1 Euro-2 Euro-3 Euro-4 HYBRID CAR FUEL CELL
13
14. GLOBAL EMISSION REGULATION FOR
GASOLINE AND DIESEL LOW DUTY VEHICLE
EXHAUST EMISSION
EC (EEC) UNECE MODE TEST
EUROPE Global
Commercial Passenger
UNION
Vehicles Vehicles
ECE 15 - 04 ( Euro- 0 ) ( Euro- 0 )
88 / 76 / EEC ECE 82 / 00 ( A )
Euro- 1 Euro- 1
ECE 82 / 00 ( B )
91 / 441 / EEC ECE 82 / 01
Test Test
93 / 59 / EEC ECE 82 / 02 Mode: Mode :
94 / 12 / EC ECE 82 / 03 New EC
Euro New EC
Mode
96 / 69 / EC ( ECE 82 / 04 ) -2 Mode
Euro- 2
Euro- ( UDC + Euro- ( UDC +
98 / 69 / EC ( ECE 82 / 05 ) 3&4 EUDC ) 3&4 EUDC )
14
15. Gasoline & Diesel Passenger Vehicle among
ASEAN countries and Asia countries.
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
CHINA Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4
BEIJING Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4
TAIWAN US Tier1 US Tier 2 Euro 4
HONGKONG Euro 3 Euro 4 Euro 5
PHILIPINE Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro3
INDONESIA Euro 2
Euro 4
MALAYSIA Euro 2
Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4
THAILAND
Categorized required
BRUNEI
ECE15/04 Euro 3
VIETNAM Euro 2
SINGAPORE Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4
AUSTRALIA Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4
NEW ZEALAND Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4
Source : AAF/TC3
15
16. GLOBAL EMISSION REGULATION FOR
DIESEL HEAVY DUTY VEHICLE
EC ( EEC ) ECE EXHAUST
REGULATION REGULATION EMISSION TEST MODE
LEVEL
88 / 77 / EEC ECE 49 / 01 0
ESC
91 / 542 / EEC ( A ) ECE 49 / 02 ( A ) EURO 1 ( Europe
91 / 542 / EEC ( B ) ECE 49 / 02 ( B ) PREVIOUS Stationer
EURO 2 Cycle )
96 / 1 / EC ECE 49 / 03 ? EURO 2
ETC
1999 / 96 / EC ( A ) UNDER STUDY EURO 3 (Europe Transient
Cycle)
ESC
1999 / 96 / EC ( B1 ) UNDER STUDY EURO 4
ETC
ESC
1999 / 96 / EC ( B2 ) UNDER STUDY ( EURO 5 )
ETC
16
17. Diesel Commercial Vehicle (Heavy Duty) among
ASEAN countries and Asia countries.
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
CHINA Euro 2 Euro 3
BEUJING Euro 2 Euro 3
TAIWAN US 94HDE US 04HDE Euro 4
HONGKONG Euro 3 Euro 4 Euro 5
PHILIPINE Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro3
INDONESIA Euro 2
Euro 1 Euro 2 Euro 4
MALAYSIA
THAILAND Euro 2 Euro 3 Euro 4
BRUNEI
VIETNAM Euro 1 Euro 2
SINGAPORE Euro 2 Euro 4
AUSTRALIA Euro 3 Euro 4
NEW ZEALAND Euro 3 Euro 4
Source : AAF/TC3
17
18. EMISSION REGULATION MOVEMENT TREND AMONG
ASEAN & ASIAN COUNTRIES
,
China, Beijing, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia,
,
Thailand, Vietnam,Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, India, 11
major cities in India
Gasoline & Diesel of Passenger Vehicle
14
12 ASEAN countries
Euro1
Euro2 intently direct to Euro4
10 in year 2010.
8
6 Euro3
4
Euro 4
2 or
Equivalent
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Source : AAF/TC3
18
19. INDONESIA EMISSION REGULATION
MINISTRY DECREE NO : 141 , IN SEPT. 23-2003.
Petrol Light Duty and Diesel light Duty (GVW<3.5 ton ; Category : M1
Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Enforce to
New Model Idle ECE 83-04 (Euro-2) EURO-4 ?
Enforce to
Idle ECE 83-04 (Euro-2)
Existing Model
Diesel Heavy Duty (GVW>3.5 ton ; Category : M2,M3,N2,N3,O3, & O4)
Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Enforce to
New Model Idle ECE 49-02 (Euro-2) EURO-4 ?
Enforce to
Existing Model Idle ECE 49-02 (Euro-2)
19
20. 4.
ENGINE TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENT
20
21. GASOLINE ENGINE TECHNOLOGY SCHEMA (GVW < 3.5 TON)
Three way
Euro-2 Engine Reduction Catalyst Catalyst
Oxidation Catalyst
Technology schema
Fuel Tank
ECU Muffler
Three way Catalyst
Exhaust O2
Manifold sensor
Lambda
ECU (ELECTRONIC COMPUTER UNIT)
Fuel Supply Valve Timing Ignition Air Control Cooling System
EURO-1
Engine Contact
Technology CARBU-
CARBU- Fixed (FIX) Single Throttle LLC
Point
System (Long Life Coolant)
RATER System
ECU. AND OBD (ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC)
Fuel Supply Valve Timing Ignition Air Control Cooling System
EFI VVT-i
VVT- ESA (Electronic ACIS & EGR
EURO-2 (Variable Valve Spark Advance) (Acoustic Control SLLC (Super
(Electronic
Engine Timing Induction) Long Life
Fuel Full Transistor Three Way Catalyst +
Technology Intelligent ) Coolant)
Injection) O2 Sensor
21
22. GASOLINE ENGINE TECH. VS EMISSION REG.
TYPICAL SYSTEM TWC = Three Way Catalyst S/C = Swirl Control
OBD= On Board Diagnostic O2S = O2 Sensor
EM
HC g/km
1.0
EM S<500 ppm Euro1
1O2S
TWC(13R)
OBD 0.5
EM 2O2S S<150 ppm
Euro2
TWC(13R)
EM OBD
Euro3
2O2S S<50 ppm
Euro4
3 2 1 0 0.5 1.0
CO NOx
S/C(7R) TWC(9R)
Source : JAMA
22
23. DIESEL ENGINE TECHNOLOGY SCHEMA (GVW < 3.5 TON)
Euro-2 Engine
Technology schema
EURO-1 Injection Pump, Exhaust Gas Re-Circulating,
Diesel PM Reduction :
Black Smoke Reduction : Micro Grain Injection Fuel. And Multi-Valve System.
Soluble Organic Fraction : Oxidation Catalyst & Diesel Particulate Filter System.
EURO-2 Diesel NOx Reduction :
Pilot Injection by Common Rail System, Cooled Exhaust Gas Re-Circulating, Super
Charger with Inter-Cooler, Nox Reduction Catalyst System.
23
24. DIESEL ENGINE PASSENGER TECH.
VS EMISSION REGULATION
TYPICAL SYSTEM EGR =EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATING
HC g/km
IP 1.0
EM Euro1
IP S<500 ppm
EGR
EM
0.5
OC
Euro2
CR S<350 ppm
EGR
EM Euro3
OC Euro4
CO 3 NOx
2 1 0 0.5 1.0
CR S<50 ppm 0.05
EGR
EM
0.10
OC
0.15
EM =EXHAUST MANIFOLD IP= Injection Pump
VE =INJECTION PUMP CR =COMMON RAIL PM Source : JAMA
24
25. DIESEL ENGINE TECHNOLOGY SCHEMA (GVW > 3.5 TON)
Intake Throttle Valve
EGR Valve Common Rail System for
Ultra-High-Pressure Fuel Injectors
Intercooler
Oxidation Catalyst for Ammonia
EGR Cooler
Oxidation Catalyst for NO
Air Intake
Exhaust
Urea Injection Controller P Selective Catalytic
Reduction Device for NOx
Euro-2 Engine
Technology schema Urea Tank
EURO-1 Injection Pump, Exhaust Gas Re-Circulating,
Urea-Based Selective Catalytic Reduction and Ultra-High-Pressure Fuel Injection
EURO-2
25
26. DIESEL ENGINE HEAVY DUTY TECH.
VS EMISSION REGULATION
TYPICAL SYSTEM HC g/kWh
IP 1.0
Euro1
ESC
Euro3 ETC
Euro2
IP S<500 ppm
EGR Euro3 Euro4
0.5
CR S<350 ppm Euro4
EGR
OC CO 6 NOx
4 2 0 5 10
CR S<50 ppm 0.1
EGR 0.2
0.3
OC 0.4
(Diesel Particulate NOx Reduction) PM
Source : JAMA
26
31. FUEL EFFICIENCY TECNOLOGY DEVELOMENT
PRIUS 2001
Hybrid Car
Vehicle Efficiency (Km/ liter)
50
PRIUS 1997
40 LEXUS 2003 HINO BUS 2004
Y
OG
OL
HN
30 T EC
N
IO
VAT
NO
IN HIGHLINDER
CAMRY 2006
20 2003
Conventional Car
10
1900 2000 2005
200
Source : TMC
31
39. PEFORMANCE TARGET OF ENGINE OIL ACTIVITIES
OIL FLOW WORK IN ENGINE OIL WORK PERFORMANCE
OIL FUNCTION REQUIREMENT OIL PROPERTIES PERFORMANCE
39
40. LUB BASE SPEC. OF PERTAMINA PRODUCTS
FROM CILACAP REFINERY
NO. PROPERTY METHOD HVI - 60 HVI - 95 HVI-160S HVI-160B
HVI- HVI- HVI-650
HVI-
1. Appearance VISUAL Clear & Bright
2. Ash Content (%wt) ASTM D-482 Constant max. 0.01
Cloud Test (hours) SMS-2556 Min. 3.0
3. Constant Min. 7.0
(No Cloud at 0 ° )
C
Color ASTM ASTM D-1500 Max. 1.5 Max. 4.0
4. Max. 2.0 Max. 3.0
Color stability,
5. (48 hours at 100 °
C)
SMS-260 Constant max. 1.00
Min. 204 Min. 210
6. Flash Point PMcc. (°
C) ASTM D-93 Constant Min. 228 Min. 267
7. Total Acidity
(mg KOH/g)
ASTM D-974 Constant max. 0.05
Max. -15.
8. Pour Point (°
C) ASTM D-97 Constant Max. -9.
Specific Gravity
9. (at 60 / 60 °F) ASTM D-1298 To be reported Max. 33.5
Max. 11.8
Viscosity, Kinematics Max. 7.4 Min. 30.5
10. ASTM D-445 Max. 4.9 Min. 10.7
(100 ° cSt.)
C, Min. 6.7
Min. 4.4
11. Viscosity Index ASTM D-2270 Constant Min. 95.
Source : PERTAMINA
40
41. PROPERTIES REQUIREMENTS STD. OF ENGINE OIL
CLASSIFICATION REQUIREMENT OF READ ACROSS TEST
OIL TEST METHOD ITEMS
NO NO TEST
CLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION ITEM
METHOD
Element content The element contents in oil are analyzed 1. Name of refinery
1 in Oil Test using the most accurate and precise
1.
methods currently available 2. Location of refinery
Cooper Strip The Copper Strip corrosion is evaluated 3. Neutral number of base
2
2.
Corrosion test at 120oC for 3 hours using a glass tube oil (mixing ratio)
as specified in ASTM D1300 4. Refining process
3 Rust prevention It shall be evaluated in accordance with
3. 5. Flash point (oC) ASTM D92
characteristic test ASTM D655 using 10 volt % of distilled
water 6. Pour point (oC) ASTM D97
4.
4 Oxidation It is evaluated at 165,5oC for 72 hours in
7. Kinematics viscosity ASTM D445
Stability (ISOT) accordance with TSK1000G and n-pentane
(mm2/s ; 40o ; 100oC) ASTMD46
in soluble by ASTM D893
8. Viscosity index ASTM D2270
5. Miscibility Test
5
Follow Federal Test Method 791B and
9. Aniline Point ASTM D611
Method 3470
Compatibility 10. Element content ASTMD3121
6 It is evaluated in accordance with ASTM
6. with Oil Seal
(mass %) (S/N) ASTMD3431
D471 (Sect 12) at 120oC for 70 hours
Rubber
11. Structural group analysis ASTM
7 The wear preventive characteristic are (mass %) (Paraffin's ; D3238
7. Wear evaluated in accordance with ASTM D4172 Naphthenes ; Aromatics)
Prevention under of RPM 1800 rpm load of 392N (40
characteristic Boiling range ASTM
kef), t 90oC and time duration 30 minutes 12.
distribution (oC) D2887
41
42. ENGINE OIL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. CLASSIFICATION 2. READ ACROSS
REQUIREMENT OF TEST ITEMS
OIL TEST METHOD
3. QUALITY STD.
REQUIREMENTS
Engine Dynamometer Test
42
48. TOYOTA eco-car
Approaches
to Reduces CO2 and
Zero Emissions
UNDER
STUDY
No control
Hybrid Technology
CO2
Euro-5
Euro 4, UNDER
Euro 3 STUDY
Euro 2,
Euro 1.
BIO Diesel LPG Gasoline Electric Fuel Cell
FUEL Engine CNG Engine Vehicle Vehicle
48