Background Radiation
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Background radiation comes from natural sources like cosmic rays from space, radioactive materials in rocks and soil, and animals and plants. It also comes from artificial sources like medical X-rays. Some rocks contain naturally occurring radioactive elements like uranium that produce radon gas. Radon is a colorless, odorless radioactive gas that comes from uranium in rocks and soil and can accumulate in buildings. Extended exposure to radon in the home can increase the risk of developing lung cancer. Devices are used to detect radon levels in buildings and determine if mitigation is needed.
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Background radiation - Artificial and Natural
This document discusses background radiation and its sources. It explains that background radiation is low-level ionizing radiation that is constantly produced from natural and artificial sources. Naturally, background radiation comes from radioactive elements formed during Earth's creation that continue to decay, releasing radiation. Specifically, radon gas seeps from the Earth's crust and uranium deposits, contributing to natural radiation exposure. Additionally, cosmic rays from stars and the sun as well as small amounts of radiation in food and buildings add to background levels. Artificially, radiation is used for medical imaging, cancer treatment, nuclear power generation, and was previously used in weapons before proper storage and regulation.
Background Radiation
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There are several sources of naturally occurring radiation that everyone is exposed to, including radiation from the Earth's crust like uranium and thorium, cosmic rays and solar flares, inhaled radon, and ingested radioactivity. Cosmic radiation exposure varies depending on altitude and latitude. Terrestrial radiation also varies based on location, altitude, and local soil composition. Radon gas is the largest source of natural radiation, as it can accumulate in homes and irradiate lung tissue with alpha particles. In addition to natural sources, there is radiation exposure from artificially produced sources like medical x-rays, which contribute the largest man-made amount of radiation to the average annual dose for the U.S. population.
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The document discusses natural and man-made sources of radiation. It covers three main types of natural radiation exposure: 1) Cosmic radiation from sources outside the earth like the sun and solar system formation. Cosmic rays interact with the atmosphere to produce secondary particles. 2) External radiation from natural radioactive elements in the earth's crust like uranium, thorium, and potassium. 3) Internal exposure from radioactive elements in the body like carbon-14 and potassium-40. The document provides details on cosmic radiation levels at different altitudes and its interaction with the atmosphere. Natural sources are the main contributor to background radiation levels.
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N A T U R A L R A D I A T I O N
Natural sources of radiation exposure include:
1. Cosmic rays from the sun and space, increasing radiation exposure with altitude.
2. Radionuclides such as uranium-238, thorium-232, and potassium-40 in soils and rocks.
3. Potassium-40 naturally occurring in the human body.
4. Radon gas from uranium and thorium in the ground that can accumulate in homes, posing a lung cancer risk from its radioactive decay products.
The total average annual natural radiation exposure worldwide is estimated to be about 1 mSv.
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This document discusses radioactive pollution, including its definition, types, sources, effects, and methods of prevention. Radioactive pollution refers to the addition of radiation to the environment through radioactive elements. There are two types of radiation: ionizing radiation, which has enough energy to ionize atoms and molecules; and non-ionizing radiation, which can excite but not ionize atoms. Sources include natural occurrences of radioactive materials as well as human activities like nuclear reactors, medical applications, and nuclear waste. Exposure to radiation can damage DNA and cells, potentially causing cancers, and effects depend on exposure level and duration. Prevention methods center around reducing radioactive emissions, waste disposal, and minimizing unnecessary nuclear activities.
Radioactive-Pollution-ppt12.pptx
This document discusses radioactive pollution, including its definition, types, sources, effects, and methods of prevention. Radioactive pollution refers to the addition of radiation to the environment through radioactive elements. There are two types of radiation: ionizing radiation, which has enough energy to ionize atoms and molecules; and non-ionizing radiation, which can excite but not ionize atoms. Sources include natural occurrences of radioactive materials as well as human activities like nuclear reactors, medical applications, and nuclear waste. Exposure to radiation can damage DNA and cells, potentially causing cancers, and effects depend on exposure level and duration. Prevention methods center around reducing radioactive emissions, waste disposal, and minimizing unnecessary nuclear activities.
INTRODUCTION_TO_RADIATION_SAFETY_ppt.pptx
This document provides an introduction to radiation safety. It defines radiation as energy emitted as particles or waves, and describes the electromagnetic spectrum. There are two types of radiation: non-ionizing and ionizing. Naturally occurring sources of radiation include bananas, the sun, and radioactive elements in the ground. Man-made sources include nuclear power plants, atomic bombs, medical equipment, and smoke detectors. Radiation contamination occurs when radioactive material is somewhere it shouldn't be. Exposure to radiation can increase cancer risks depending on the dose received. The Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority regulates radiation exposure and safety in Nigeria.
Radioactive-Pollution-ppt12.pptx
This document presents information on radioactive pollution. It defines radioactive pollution as the release of unwanted radioactive material into the environment. It discusses the types of radiation as ionizing (alpha, beta, gamma rays) and non-ionizing. Sources of radioactive pollution are outlined as natural (radioactive minerals, cosmic rays, radioisotopes) and anthropogenic (nuclear tests, reactors, waste). Effects on humans can range from mild irritation to cancer depending on exposure level and duration. Prevention methods include limiting nuclear activities, proper waste disposal, and minimizing radiation doses.
Impact of radioactive pollution environment
This document discusses radioactive pollution, its sources and effects. It describes two types of radiation: ionizing radiation which can cause ionization and non-ionizing radiation which causes atoms and molecules to vibrate. Sources of radioactive pollution include natural sources like cosmic rays and terrestrial radiation, as well as man-made sources from medical, industrial, nuclear power and accident activities. The effects of radioactive waste include transportation and storage issues, long-term contamination, health effects and impacts on nature. Proper storage of radioactive materials in radiation proof containers can help minimize accidental leakage and reduce harm.
Han 476 basic radiation safety training awareness
This document provides an overview of radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation and natural and man-made background sources. It also covers fundamentals, exposure limits and regulations, detection of radiation, safe practices, and biological effects. Specific topics include types of radiation, radioactive sources, allowable exposure limits, ensuring compliance, detection methods, and a summary of biological effects. The goal is to educate about radiation safety practices and regulations.
Nuclear Science Merit Badge
Three types of particles are defined: alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. Particle accelerators like the Tevatron and LHC are used to study particle interactions by accelerating them to high speeds and observing collision results. The goals are to better understand fundamental forces and the structure of space and time.
RADIO_ACTIVE_POLLUTION2.pptx
Radioactive contamination occurs when radioactive material is deposited on or in an object or a person. Radioactive materials released into the environment can cause air, water, surfaces, soil, plants, buildings, people, or animals to become contaminated.
Indoor air pollution radon
Most of the cancer risk resulting from radon in the household water supply is due to inhalation of the radioactive by-products that are produced from radon that has been released from the water into the air, rather than from drinking water.
Part 5e of final
Radon is a radioactive gas produced from the decay of radium found in soil and rock. It is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the US. Radon enters homes through cracks in foundations and can accumulate to dangerous levels indoors. Homeowners can test for radon using either short-term charcoal canisters or electret ion detectors, or long-term alpha-track detectors to determine radon levels and mitigate any risks through ventilation if high levels are found.
Aditya_Raj Radioactive pollution [1]-1.pptx
Radioactive pollution occurs when radioactive materials are released into the environment through natural processes like radioactive decay of elements in the Earth's crust, interaction of cosmic rays in the atmosphere, and background radioactivity in seawater. Anthropogenic sources of radioactive pollution include nuclear weapons testing, nuclear waste disposal, operations of nuclear power plants, and improper storage and disposal of radioactive materials. The radioactive pollution can enter the food chain and pose health risks to organisms and humans through ingestion of contaminated food and water over time. Proper methods for disposing, storing, labeling and reusing radioactive waste, banning nuclear weapons tests, utilizing alternative energy sources, and individual precautions can help reduce radioactive pollution.
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Background Radiation
- 1. Ba ckgro und Ra diat ion
- 2. What is Back Ground Radiation?
- 5. These Natural Sources Are
- 11. How Do Rocks Contain Radioactivity
- 15. What Is Radon?
- 17. It comes from an extremely small amount of uranium that is naturally found in all rocks + soil
- 18. What is Radon Detector?
- 19. A radon detector is a machine used to detect the presence of radon gas.
- 20. Facts about Background Radiation
- 23. 2. Is Radon bad in our Lungs
- 25. This produces radioactivity in our lungs
- 26. 3 . Is career conected to background Radiation?
- 27. There is lots of career connected to B.R. for example; there is lots of physics and science for example
- 31. Background Radiation The End
Editor's Notes
- What is Back Ground Radiation. Arial. Front size 60 down to 60 By George Ellis, White arial and black background.