The document discusses the concepts of authority, responsibility, accountability, and organizing as they relate to delegation of authority within an organization. It defines authority as the power to make decisions, responsibility as the obligation to perform assigned duties, and accountability as being answerable to superiors for work performed. It notes that authority can be delegated to subordinates, along with responsibility for tasks, while accountability cannot be delegated and remains with the delegator. Effective delegation of authority provides benefits like effective management, employee development, and motivation, but can face obstacles from both subordinates and superiors.

1. Authority And Responsibility

2. Contents AUTHORITY RESPONSIBILITY 3 ACCOUNTABILITY 4 ORGANIZING 1 2

3. ORGANIZING Organizing is the process of defining and grouping the activities of the enterprise and establishing the authority relationship among them. Characteristics- Division of Work Coordination Common Objectives Well defined authority and responsibility Superior subordinate relationship Universal Process Dynamic

4. ORGANIZING PROCESS Identification and division of work Departmentalization Determination of Key activities Assignment of duties Establishing reporting relationship Providing Right Environment

5. Delegation of Authority “ Delegation of authority means assigning work to others and giving them authority to do it.” - F.G. Moore “ Delegation of authority merely means the granting of authority to subordinates to operate within prescribed limits.” - Theo Haimann

6. Elements : Elements of Delegation of Authority : Responsibility Authority Accountability

7. RESPONSIBILITY Responsibility is the obligation of a subordinate to properly perform the assigned duty. When a superior assigns a job to his subordinate it becomes the responsibility of the subordinate to complete the job. Features :- Responsibility can be assigned to some other person The essence of responsibility is to be dutiful It gets originated because of superior-subordinate relationship.

8. AUTHORITY It means the power to take decisions. Decision can be related to the use of resources and to do or not to do something. Features:- Authority can be assigned to some other person. It is related to the post (with the change of post, even authorities change). It makes implementation of decisions possible. It is the key to a managerial job, because a post without authority cannot be a managerial post.

9. Authority The power to make decision which guides the action of others Definition A Right & a Power to influence the behavior or efforts of other persons

10. Difference Basic of Distinction Authority Responsibility Meaning The power or right of a superior to give order to others It is an obligation to perform the assigned duty or order Sources of Origin It emerges from a formal position in the organisation It emerges from superior subordinate relationship Direction of Flow It flows downwards i.e. from top to bottom level It flows upward i.e. from bottom level to top level Purpose Its purpose is to make decisions and get the decisions executed Its purpose is to execute the duties assigned by the superior

11. ACCOUNTABILITY Accountability means the answerability of the subordinate to his superior for his work performance. Features:- Accountability cannot be delegated. It originates because of delegation of authority. It is only towards the delegators. Its base is senior – subordinate relationship

12. Difference Basic of Distinction Responsibility Accountability Meaning It is an obligation to perform the assigned duty or order Answerable to the superior for the work performed Sources of Origin Relationship between senior & superior Delegation of Authority Delegation Responsibility ( Responsibility for) or the work can be delegated to some other person Accountability ( Responsibility to) cannot be delegated to some other person

13. Can Accountability be Delegated ?

14. Process of Delegation of Authority Assigning responsibility Granting Authority Fixing Accountability

15. IMPORTANCE Importance of Delegation of Authority : Effective Management Employee Development Motivation of Employees Facilitation of Growth Better Coordination

16. Obstacles to Delegation Organisational Constraints Inadequate planning Lack of Unity of Command Non availability of competent managers Unclear authority relationship On the part of Subordinates Lack of Information and resources Over Burdened Lack of self confidence Dependence on Boss On the part of superior Lack of Control Fear of subordinates Love for authority Lack of receptiveness Lack of trust in subordinates

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