Audience revision
•
3 likes•3,075 views
This document provides an overview of how to approach audience questions for an exam. It outlines key areas to address, including identifying and describing audiences, how texts construct and position audiences, and techniques used to appeal to audiences. Examples of potential exam questions are given for each area. The document emphasizes using case studies and media language concepts to illustrate points, and considering how different audiences may respond differently to the same text. Revision tips include learning theories, practicing applying them to case studies, and practicing past exam questions within time limits.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
TV Audience appeal
This document provides feedback on exam responses and guidance on how to improve answers from a C to an A grade when discussing how media texts appeal to audiences. It recommends discussing the complex relationship between media construction and audience appeal, using encoding/decoding theory, linking points to specific audience types, comparing/contrasting texts, and applying a four-stage formula of identifying a point, linking it to an audience, justifying the appeal, and giving an example. It also addresses common errors and provides homework assigning a multi-part question analyzing the audience appeal of different TV texts.
Audience positioning
Audience theories examine the complex relationship between media producers and audiences. Producers aim to position audiences through encoded messages, but audiences can interpret these messages differently as active or passive receivers. Different factors like demographics, beliefs, and level of engagement influence how audiences decode media texts.
Audienceforq1b
This document discusses audience and reception theory in media studies. It explains that reception theory views the audience as active interpreters of media rather than passive receivers. The key concept discussed is Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model, which proposes that audiences can take preferred, negotiated, or oppositional readings of a media text based on their own experiences and perspectives. The document uses Hall's model to analyze how different audiences might interpret representations in a TV drama trailer differently.
Audience Positioning Unit 1 Representations
The document discusses how audiences are positioned when consuming media texts. It identifies several elements that help define audience positioning, including the camera position, mode of address, and whether the gaze is from a male or female perspective. It provides examples of different modes of address and the implied audience roles and relationships that result. The document also discusses reception theory and how audiences can have preferred, negotiated, or oppositional readings of media texts. It concludes by defining open, closed, and polysemic texts and how they allow for varying levels of interpretation.
Reception theory
Reception theory proposes that media texts are encoded with meanings by their producers but are decoded by audiences in potentially different ways. Audiences may decode meanings in the dominant way intended by producers. However, audiences may also negotiate meanings that only partially align with producers or take oppositional positions that reject producers' meanings. Factors like life experiences, beliefs, age, culture, gender affect how audiences decode meanings.
Reception theory
This document discusses reception theory and the idea of an active audience. It explains that early theories viewed audiences as passive receivers of media messages, but research has shown that audiences are more active. Audiences selectively choose media texts for different purposes like entertainment, information, or identity exploration. Reception theory looks at how individual factors like gender, class, and ethnicity influence how audiences interpret and make meaning from media texts. The document also discusses Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model and the idea that producers aim to position audiences to have a preferred reading through using recognizable codes and conventions, but audiences may decode messages differently than intended.
Audience positioning
The document discusses audience theories and how audiences decode and make meaning from media texts in different ways based on factors like their social position, beliefs, and experiences. It explains that audiences can take a preferred reading by accepting the dominant meaning encoded in a text, a negotiated reading by accepting some aspects but disagreeing with others, or an oppositional reading by completely rejecting the ideology or messages of a text. Media producers aim to construct audiences and target them with preferred readings, but audiences actively make their own interpretations.
4. audience reception
This document discusses key questions to consider when analyzing media audiences:
- How audiences process and make meaning from media texts, including Stuart Hall's theories of encoding/decoding as preferred, oppositional, negotiated, or aberrant readings.
- How audiences are affected by media texts according to media effects theories versus being active in using media to fulfill needs as per uses and gratifications theory.
- How audience consumption has changed from mass audiences of broadcast media to narrowcast and peer-to-peer sharing as audiences fragment across multiple platforms.
Recommended
TV Audience appeal
This document provides feedback on exam responses and guidance on how to improve answers from a C to an A grade when discussing how media texts appeal to audiences. It recommends discussing the complex relationship between media construction and audience appeal, using encoding/decoding theory, linking points to specific audience types, comparing/contrasting texts, and applying a four-stage formula of identifying a point, linking it to an audience, justifying the appeal, and giving an example. It also addresses common errors and provides homework assigning a multi-part question analyzing the audience appeal of different TV texts.
Audience positioning
Audience theories examine the complex relationship between media producers and audiences. Producers aim to position audiences through encoded messages, but audiences can interpret these messages differently as active or passive receivers. Different factors like demographics, beliefs, and level of engagement influence how audiences decode media texts.
Audienceforq1b
This document discusses audience and reception theory in media studies. It explains that reception theory views the audience as active interpreters of media rather than passive receivers. The key concept discussed is Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model, which proposes that audiences can take preferred, negotiated, or oppositional readings of a media text based on their own experiences and perspectives. The document uses Hall's model to analyze how different audiences might interpret representations in a TV drama trailer differently.
Audience Positioning Unit 1 Representations
The document discusses how audiences are positioned when consuming media texts. It identifies several elements that help define audience positioning, including the camera position, mode of address, and whether the gaze is from a male or female perspective. It provides examples of different modes of address and the implied audience roles and relationships that result. The document also discusses reception theory and how audiences can have preferred, negotiated, or oppositional readings of media texts. It concludes by defining open, closed, and polysemic texts and how they allow for varying levels of interpretation.
Reception theory
Reception theory proposes that media texts are encoded with meanings by their producers but are decoded by audiences in potentially different ways. Audiences may decode meanings in the dominant way intended by producers. However, audiences may also negotiate meanings that only partially align with producers or take oppositional positions that reject producers' meanings. Factors like life experiences, beliefs, age, culture, gender affect how audiences decode meanings.
Reception theory
This document discusses reception theory and the idea of an active audience. It explains that early theories viewed audiences as passive receivers of media messages, but research has shown that audiences are more active. Audiences selectively choose media texts for different purposes like entertainment, information, or identity exploration. Reception theory looks at how individual factors like gender, class, and ethnicity influence how audiences interpret and make meaning from media texts. The document also discusses Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model and the idea that producers aim to position audiences to have a preferred reading through using recognizable codes and conventions, but audiences may decode messages differently than intended.
Audience positioning
The document discusses audience theories and how audiences decode and make meaning from media texts in different ways based on factors like their social position, beliefs, and experiences. It explains that audiences can take a preferred reading by accepting the dominant meaning encoded in a text, a negotiated reading by accepting some aspects but disagreeing with others, or an oppositional reading by completely rejecting the ideology or messages of a text. Media producers aim to construct audiences and target them with preferred readings, but audiences actively make their own interpretations.
4. audience reception
This document discusses key questions to consider when analyzing media audiences:
- How audiences process and make meaning from media texts, including Stuart Hall's theories of encoding/decoding as preferred, oppositional, negotiated, or aberrant readings.
- How audiences are affected by media texts according to media effects theories versus being active in using media to fulfill needs as per uses and gratifications theory.
- How audience consumption has changed from mass audiences of broadcast media to narrowcast and peer-to-peer sharing as audiences fragment across multiple platforms.
Theory Continued
This document provides an overview of media representation theory and concepts for exam practice. It discusses key theories such as how media representations reflect the ideology and values of the producer. It also addresses how audiences can interpret representations in both passive and active ways and may be impacted both positively and negatively by media effects. Examples of potential impacts include copycat behavior, education, socialization, objectification, and reinforcement or challenging of dominant ideologies.
Mark Scheme - Media Studies AS Level
The document provides the marking scheme for the GCE Media Studies exam from Summer 2012. It includes four levels for assessing answers with descriptions of what students need to demonstrate at each level for different assessment objectives. For example, at Level 3 students are expected to have a sound understanding of media concepts and apply appropriate terminology in their analysis. The marking scheme also provides potential points students could discuss for each question to help examiners apply the levels consistently.
Media StudiesTheory: Audience
This document discusses media audiences and theories around how audiences engage with media. It covers the classification of audiences as mass, niche or marginalized. It also discusses theories around passive versus active audiences, with passive audiences being more influenced by media messages and active audiences engaging critically and finding their own meanings. The document also addresses audience expectations around different media types and genres and how audiences can interpret messages in preferred, negotiated or oppositional ways. Finally, it notes that audiences are both consumers of media messages but also a product delivered to advertisers through their engagement with media texts.
Audiance reception theory
Stuart Hall developed encoding/decoding theory to explain how audiences receive media messages differently based on their own experiences and viewpoints. Encoding refers to how media producers develop messages, while decoding is how audiences interpret and make meaning from those messages. Hall argued that the intended meaning is not fixed, as audiences can decode messages in preferred, negotiated, or oppositional ways depending on their sociological factors. Examples like Disney princess films often elicit a preferred reading where the audience agrees with the producer's encoding, while the Teletubbies television show decoding led to some oppositional readings that disagreed with the initial encoding.
AS Media : Last Minute Tips for MS1
1) Spend roughly 1 hour on the unseen analysis question, which is worth 40 marks. To get in the top band, your answer must include sophisticated analysis of key signifiers, techniques, and ideological messages in the text. Link elements to their purpose and effect, and use media terminology.
2) The stepped question is likely worth 9, 15, or 6 marks for parts A, B, and C respectively. Part A may ask about two audiences and you must justify your answers with evidence. Part B explores how an audience has been targeted in more detail. Part C requires examples, discussing 2-3 in detail and contextualizing them.
3) The representation question is worth 30 marks. Only use your
Using conventions from real media texts
The document discusses various conventions used in media texts, including representation, technical aspects, and narrative elements. It also covers several media theories related to how audiences receive and understand media messages, such as semiotics, feminism, audience effect theories, and audience address theories. The task is to analyze the technical, symbolic, and written codes used in one's own media texts, and consider how they relate to real examples of the same genre and which audience effect and address theories may apply.
Unit 1 Representation Exam Revision
1. The document provides guidance for revising skills needed for an exam on media representations. It contains two practice tests to help consolidate knowledge and skills in analyzing media features and writing exam answers.
2. The practice tests include questions that require identifying, explaining, comparing, analyzing, assessing, and evaluating how different techniques are used to create meaning in media texts. Model answers are provided to demonstrate the level of detail and use of concepts expected.
3. For each question, guidance is given on the command term being asked and the number of marks available. Key terms and theories are defined to help explain techniques like stereotyping and apply concepts to the questions.
Stuart hall (1980) audience reception theory
Reception theory proposes that media texts contain encoded messages from producers but audiences decode texts in different ways based on their own experiences and perspectives. According to Stuart Hall, audiences may have a dominant, oppositional, or negotiated reading of a text. A dominant reading accepts the producer's intended meaning while an oppositional reading rejects this. A negotiated reading finds a compromise by accepting some aspects but not others. How a text is read depends on individual audience characteristics and context.
Stuart Hall’s Reception Theory
The document discusses three ways that an audience can decode media texts:
1) Dominant/preferred reading: The audience decodes the text as intended by the producer.
2) Negotiated reading: The audience accepts the producer's views but also has their own interpretation.
3) Oppositional reading: The audience rejects the producer's intended meaning and creates their own interpretation, often opposing the producer's messages and ideology.
Audience reception theory
The document discusses different theories of audience reception, including the effects model which argues media has negative influence over passive audiences, and the uses and gratifications model which argues audiences actively use media for their own gratification. It focuses on audience reception theory developed by Stuart Hall, which proposes that media producers encode meanings in texts, while audiences can decode them in three ways: dominant/preferred if they agree with the producer's meaning, negotiated if they refine elements based on prior views, or oppositional if they recognize but reject the dominant meaning.
Media Theory - Audience Representation Narrative Genre
1. Reception theory examines how audiences receive and make meaning from media texts. It emphasizes that meaning comes from the interaction between the text and the reader/viewer, not from the text itself.
2. David Morley applied reception theory to television with his Nationwide Project, which found that people from different social groups interpreted the same program differently based on their positions.
3. Uses and gratifications theory posits that audiences are active in choosing media to fulfill certain needs, such as escape, social interaction, identity, and information.
The Media Reception Theory:
This theory focuses on the idea that audiences are active in interpreting media rather than passive. Research in the 1980s and 1990s looked at how individuals receive and understand texts differently based on their personal characteristics like gender, age, class, and ethnicity. Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model proposed that a text is encoded by its producer but decoded by audiences, who may interpret it differently. Hall identified three potential reception models: dominant/hegemonic readings that accept the preferred meaning, negotiated readings that modify the meaning somewhat, and oppositional readings that reject the preferred meaning using an alternative perspective.
Audience theory
Stuart Hall proposed three ways that audiences can respond to texts:
1) Preferred/dominant readings where the audience interprets the text as intended.
2) Negotiated readings where the audience agrees with some parts but not others.
3) Oppositional/resistant readings where the audience's beliefs conflict with how the text portrays something.
This means a text cannot have a static meaning since audiences can interpret it differently based on their experiences.
AS Y1 Media Studies 1.1 induction 2020
This document provides an overview of an induction session for a media studies course. It introduces key concepts that will be covered like media language, representation, audience, and institutions. It outlines the agenda for the induction which includes introductions, setting ground rules, and an activity called "Mixed Messages" to demonstrate how media can be interpreted differently. It also provides a brief course outline, explaining the three components will cover investigating media forms and language, industries and audiences, and completing a media production. It sets induction homework of interacting with online media resources to familiarize students with concepts and tools to be used in the course.
1b Audience essay plan
The document provides guidance for writing a response analyzing the role of audience in a soap trailer or music video production piece. It outlines key areas of focus, including audience research conducted to identify the target audience and their consumption trends, as well as the modes of address implemented to appeal to that audience. Feedback on audience response to the final product is also identified as important to analyze, such as how effectively the intended audience was reached and what uses and gratifications the product provided viewers. Theorists like Gerbner and Hall are referenced to aid in analyzing how the media socializes audiences and how audiences interpret media texts based on their own experiences and beliefs.
Mock exam feedback
The document provides feedback on a mock exam, including possible mark bands and sample answers for three questions related to media studies. General feedback at the end emphasizes applying media theories and case studies from lessons to answers. For question 1 on contrasting communication techniques in advertisements, sample points discuss the use of intimate shots, diversity, and emotional connection in the Nexus ad, while the Bluefish ad encourages self-reflection through philosophical questions. Both aim to create intimacy, though through different techniques and messages. Students are advised to practice applying theories when analyzing media texts.
Audience & Media
This document discusses concepts related to media audiences, including different audience reception models and ways to segment audiences. It introduces Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and compares the Hypodermic Needle and Uses and Gratifications audience reception models. The document also discusses Young & Rubicam's 4Cs cross-cultural consumer characterization model for segmenting audiences into seven types based on motivations like security, control, and individuality. Students are prompted to analyze ads using these audience concepts and segmentation models.
Reception theory-audience-response-stuart-hall-1980
Reception theory states that media texts are encoded by producers with intended messages and values, but audiences decode texts in different ways based on their own experiences and perspectives, which may not match the producer's intended meaning. According to Stuart Hall, audiences can have dominant, oppositional, or negotiated readings. A dominant reading accepts the producer's preferred meaning, while an oppositional reading rejects this in favor of the audience's own interpretation. A negotiated reading is a compromise that incorporates some of both the producer and audience perspectives.
Question 1 B Genre
This document provides guidance on answering exam questions about genre for a media production. It defines genre as having common conventions around themes, settings, form, and style. It discusses several genre theorists and their perspectives. It also provides examples of genres like thriller films and music videos. It prompts the reader to think about how they conformed to or challenged conventions in their own work.
Audience powerpoint
The document discusses three main audience theory models: the effects model which sees audiences as passive, the uses and gratifications model which views audiences as active in using media to fulfill needs, and reception theory which examines how audiences decode meanings from texts in different ways from dominant to negotiated to oppositional readings. It analyzes these theories and applies them to understanding audience relationships with media texts like music videos.
A2 Media Studies Audience theory
This document provides an overview of three key audience theories:
1. The Effects Model views audiences as passive recipients who are directly influenced by media texts. It has been criticized for ignoring audience agency.
2. The Uses and Gratifications Model positions audiences as active, using media to fulfill needs like diversion, escapism, and social comparison. It suggests consumption can help address personal issues.
3. Reception Theory recognizes that meanings encoded by producers may be decoded differently by audiences, who can have dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of texts. It acknowledges multiple possible interpretations.
Uses and Gratifications Theory
Uses and Gratifications Theory posits that audience members actively seek out media to meet specific needs or gratifications, rather than media having direct influence over people. It focuses on what people do with media rather than what media does to people. The theory suggests people use media to fulfill needs like social interaction, entertainment, education, and identification. Critics argue it does not fully recognize media's unconscious influence over views and that media can manipulate audiences. However, it may be more applicable today as the internet allows more freedom and control over media consumption.
More Related Content
What's hot
Theory Continued
This document provides an overview of media representation theory and concepts for exam practice. It discusses key theories such as how media representations reflect the ideology and values of the producer. It also addresses how audiences can interpret representations in both passive and active ways and may be impacted both positively and negatively by media effects. Examples of potential impacts include copycat behavior, education, socialization, objectification, and reinforcement or challenging of dominant ideologies.
Mark Scheme - Media Studies AS Level
The document provides the marking scheme for the GCE Media Studies exam from Summer 2012. It includes four levels for assessing answers with descriptions of what students need to demonstrate at each level for different assessment objectives. For example, at Level 3 students are expected to have a sound understanding of media concepts and apply appropriate terminology in their analysis. The marking scheme also provides potential points students could discuss for each question to help examiners apply the levels consistently.
Media StudiesTheory: Audience
This document discusses media audiences and theories around how audiences engage with media. It covers the classification of audiences as mass, niche or marginalized. It also discusses theories around passive versus active audiences, with passive audiences being more influenced by media messages and active audiences engaging critically and finding their own meanings. The document also addresses audience expectations around different media types and genres and how audiences can interpret messages in preferred, negotiated or oppositional ways. Finally, it notes that audiences are both consumers of media messages but also a product delivered to advertisers through their engagement with media texts.
Audiance reception theory
Stuart Hall developed encoding/decoding theory to explain how audiences receive media messages differently based on their own experiences and viewpoints. Encoding refers to how media producers develop messages, while decoding is how audiences interpret and make meaning from those messages. Hall argued that the intended meaning is not fixed, as audiences can decode messages in preferred, negotiated, or oppositional ways depending on their sociological factors. Examples like Disney princess films often elicit a preferred reading where the audience agrees with the producer's encoding, while the Teletubbies television show decoding led to some oppositional readings that disagreed with the initial encoding.
AS Media : Last Minute Tips for MS1
1) Spend roughly 1 hour on the unseen analysis question, which is worth 40 marks. To get in the top band, your answer must include sophisticated analysis of key signifiers, techniques, and ideological messages in the text. Link elements to their purpose and effect, and use media terminology.
2) The stepped question is likely worth 9, 15, or 6 marks for parts A, B, and C respectively. Part A may ask about two audiences and you must justify your answers with evidence. Part B explores how an audience has been targeted in more detail. Part C requires examples, discussing 2-3 in detail and contextualizing them.
3) The representation question is worth 30 marks. Only use your
Using conventions from real media texts
The document discusses various conventions used in media texts, including representation, technical aspects, and narrative elements. It also covers several media theories related to how audiences receive and understand media messages, such as semiotics, feminism, audience effect theories, and audience address theories. The task is to analyze the technical, symbolic, and written codes used in one's own media texts, and consider how they relate to real examples of the same genre and which audience effect and address theories may apply.
Unit 1 Representation Exam Revision
1. The document provides guidance for revising skills needed for an exam on media representations. It contains two practice tests to help consolidate knowledge and skills in analyzing media features and writing exam answers.
2. The practice tests include questions that require identifying, explaining, comparing, analyzing, assessing, and evaluating how different techniques are used to create meaning in media texts. Model answers are provided to demonstrate the level of detail and use of concepts expected.
3. For each question, guidance is given on the command term being asked and the number of marks available. Key terms and theories are defined to help explain techniques like stereotyping and apply concepts to the questions.
Stuart hall (1980) audience reception theory
Reception theory proposes that media texts contain encoded messages from producers but audiences decode texts in different ways based on their own experiences and perspectives. According to Stuart Hall, audiences may have a dominant, oppositional, or negotiated reading of a text. A dominant reading accepts the producer's intended meaning while an oppositional reading rejects this. A negotiated reading finds a compromise by accepting some aspects but not others. How a text is read depends on individual audience characteristics and context.
Stuart Hall’s Reception Theory
The document discusses three ways that an audience can decode media texts:
1) Dominant/preferred reading: The audience decodes the text as intended by the producer.
2) Negotiated reading: The audience accepts the producer's views but also has their own interpretation.
3) Oppositional reading: The audience rejects the producer's intended meaning and creates their own interpretation, often opposing the producer's messages and ideology.
Audience reception theory
The document discusses different theories of audience reception, including the effects model which argues media has negative influence over passive audiences, and the uses and gratifications model which argues audiences actively use media for their own gratification. It focuses on audience reception theory developed by Stuart Hall, which proposes that media producers encode meanings in texts, while audiences can decode them in three ways: dominant/preferred if they agree with the producer's meaning, negotiated if they refine elements based on prior views, or oppositional if they recognize but reject the dominant meaning.
Media Theory - Audience Representation Narrative Genre
1. Reception theory examines how audiences receive and make meaning from media texts. It emphasizes that meaning comes from the interaction between the text and the reader/viewer, not from the text itself.
2. David Morley applied reception theory to television with his Nationwide Project, which found that people from different social groups interpreted the same program differently based on their positions.
3. Uses and gratifications theory posits that audiences are active in choosing media to fulfill certain needs, such as escape, social interaction, identity, and information.
The Media Reception Theory:
This theory focuses on the idea that audiences are active in interpreting media rather than passive. Research in the 1980s and 1990s looked at how individuals receive and understand texts differently based on their personal characteristics like gender, age, class, and ethnicity. Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model proposed that a text is encoded by its producer but decoded by audiences, who may interpret it differently. Hall identified three potential reception models: dominant/hegemonic readings that accept the preferred meaning, negotiated readings that modify the meaning somewhat, and oppositional readings that reject the preferred meaning using an alternative perspective.
Audience theory
Stuart Hall proposed three ways that audiences can respond to texts:
1) Preferred/dominant readings where the audience interprets the text as intended.
2) Negotiated readings where the audience agrees with some parts but not others.
3) Oppositional/resistant readings where the audience's beliefs conflict with how the text portrays something.
This means a text cannot have a static meaning since audiences can interpret it differently based on their experiences.
AS Y1 Media Studies 1.1 induction 2020
This document provides an overview of an induction session for a media studies course. It introduces key concepts that will be covered like media language, representation, audience, and institutions. It outlines the agenda for the induction which includes introductions, setting ground rules, and an activity called "Mixed Messages" to demonstrate how media can be interpreted differently. It also provides a brief course outline, explaining the three components will cover investigating media forms and language, industries and audiences, and completing a media production. It sets induction homework of interacting with online media resources to familiarize students with concepts and tools to be used in the course.
1b Audience essay plan
The document provides guidance for writing a response analyzing the role of audience in a soap trailer or music video production piece. It outlines key areas of focus, including audience research conducted to identify the target audience and their consumption trends, as well as the modes of address implemented to appeal to that audience. Feedback on audience response to the final product is also identified as important to analyze, such as how effectively the intended audience was reached and what uses and gratifications the product provided viewers. Theorists like Gerbner and Hall are referenced to aid in analyzing how the media socializes audiences and how audiences interpret media texts based on their own experiences and beliefs.
Mock exam feedback
The document provides feedback on a mock exam, including possible mark bands and sample answers for three questions related to media studies. General feedback at the end emphasizes applying media theories and case studies from lessons to answers. For question 1 on contrasting communication techniques in advertisements, sample points discuss the use of intimate shots, diversity, and emotional connection in the Nexus ad, while the Bluefish ad encourages self-reflection through philosophical questions. Both aim to create intimacy, though through different techniques and messages. Students are advised to practice applying theories when analyzing media texts.
Audience & Media
This document discusses concepts related to media audiences, including different audience reception models and ways to segment audiences. It introduces Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and compares the Hypodermic Needle and Uses and Gratifications audience reception models. The document also discusses Young & Rubicam's 4Cs cross-cultural consumer characterization model for segmenting audiences into seven types based on motivations like security, control, and individuality. Students are prompted to analyze ads using these audience concepts and segmentation models.
Reception theory-audience-response-stuart-hall-1980
Reception theory states that media texts are encoded by producers with intended messages and values, but audiences decode texts in different ways based on their own experiences and perspectives, which may not match the producer's intended meaning. According to Stuart Hall, audiences can have dominant, oppositional, or negotiated readings. A dominant reading accepts the producer's preferred meaning, while an oppositional reading rejects this in favor of the audience's own interpretation. A negotiated reading is a compromise that incorporates some of both the producer and audience perspectives.
Question 1 B Genre
This document provides guidance on answering exam questions about genre for a media production. It defines genre as having common conventions around themes, settings, form, and style. It discusses several genre theorists and their perspectives. It also provides examples of genres like thriller films and music videos. It prompts the reader to think about how they conformed to or challenged conventions in their own work.
Audience powerpoint
The document discusses three main audience theory models: the effects model which sees audiences as passive, the uses and gratifications model which views audiences as active in using media to fulfill needs, and reception theory which examines how audiences decode meanings from texts in different ways from dominant to negotiated to oppositional readings. It analyzes these theories and applies them to understanding audience relationships with media texts like music videos.
What's hot (20)
Media Theory - Audience Representation Narrative Genre
Media Theory - Audience Representation Narrative Genre
Reception theory-audience-response-stuart-hall-1980
Reception theory-audience-response-stuart-hall-1980
Viewers also liked
A2 Media Studies Audience theory
This document provides an overview of three key audience theories:
1. The Effects Model views audiences as passive recipients who are directly influenced by media texts. It has been criticized for ignoring audience agency.
2. The Uses and Gratifications Model positions audiences as active, using media to fulfill needs like diversion, escapism, and social comparison. It suggests consumption can help address personal issues.
3. Reception Theory recognizes that meanings encoded by producers may be decoded differently by audiences, who can have dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of texts. It acknowledges multiple possible interpretations.
Uses and Gratifications Theory
Uses and Gratifications Theory posits that audience members actively seek out media to meet specific needs or gratifications, rather than media having direct influence over people. It focuses on what people do with media rather than what media does to people. The theory suggests people use media to fulfill needs like social interaction, entertainment, education, and identification. Critics argue it does not fully recognize media's unconscious influence over views and that media can manipulate audiences. However, it may be more applicable today as the internet allows more freedom and control over media consumption.
How do these magazines reach their target audience
The NME magazine reaches its target audience of indie rock fans through visual representations of bands on the cover, a contents page featuring known indie artists and controversial article titles, and a double page spread listing acts performing at an awards show. The magazine effectively profiles and promotes relevant artists across different sections to engage readers interested in indie rock music.
The big issue magazine final report
The Big Issue is a street newspaper published in eight countries that is written by journalists and sold by homeless individuals. Founded in 1991 in the UK, it now sells over 300,000 copies per week and provides income opportunities for homeless vendors. The magazine covers arts, entertainment, current affairs, and lifestyle topics. It has a small online presence but is focusing on growing its Twitter following. The Big Issue uses a distribution system of providing magazines to homeless vendors to sell for profit, helping them to reintegrate into society.
Media audience theory
This document provides information about the expectations and requirements for A Level Media coursework. It discusses three pieces of coursework that make up 50% of the second year: 1) a research investigation essay of 1400-1800 words focusing on genre, narrative or representation, 2) a practical print or video piece between 3-4 minutes that relates to the investigation, and 3) a 750 word evaluation analyzing the practical piece and linking it to the investigation. It provides examples of topics, requirements for each piece, as well as guidance on writing titles, referencing, and applying media theory to the investigation.
Genre subgenre hybrid
This document provides information about film genres, subgenres, and hybrids. It begins by defining genre as a category or kind used to classify films. Thirteen basic genres are listed such as drama, comedy, action/adventure, and horror. Subgenres are defined as combinations of two genres, like romantic comedy or disaster films. Hybrids combine three or more genres or subgenres, for example science fiction/action westerns. Students are assigned a homework task to create a diagram exploring a genre in more detail, including its purpose, conventions, examples, subgenres, and a hybrid. Examples of good and poor diagrams are provided to demonstrate the level of detail and organization expected.
2 Step Flow Theory
The document discusses the two-step flow theory of communication, which proposes that information from media first reaches opinion leaders who then pass on their own interpretations to others. Opinion leaders can be found in all groups and their influence varies depending on the topic and how interested the group is. There are two types of opinion leaders - monomorphic, who are influential on one topic, and polymorphic, who are influential on various topics. The multi-step flow theory expands on this by showing how information moves from media to opinion receivers to opinion leaders to others in a social system over time as part of the diffusion of innovations.
Demographics and Psychographics
Demographics categorize people based on factors like age, gender, job, income, education, and location to classify audiences. The NRS social demographic scale divides the population into categories like ABC1 and C2DE based on jobs and incomes, though these classes sometimes overlap and may not reflect all groups. Psychographics instead categorizes people based on personality and lifestyle, allowing for more variety within groups but some individuals could overlap multiple categories. Both systems have advantages in segmentation but also limitations around overgeneralization or changes in society.
A2 Media Case Study - The Hunger Games (Representation)
The document discusses the representation of gender in the film The Hunger Games. It analyzes the character Katniss Everdeen, finding that while she is biologically female, her personality traits and skills are more typically masculine. She is strong, defiant, independent, and skilled in hunting. In contrast, Peeta displays more stereotypically feminine traits like being emotionally open and focused on communication. While Katniss shows some nurturing behaviors, she generally subverts expectations of femininity through her dominant role and focus on survival in the games.
Media Audience Questionnaire
The document appears to be a media-audience questionnaire for a music magazine. It asks respondents questions about their demographics, music preferences, interests in magazine features, spending habits, and media consumption habits. The questions are aimed at understanding the target audience and determining what to include in the magazine to appeal to readers. Key findings include that the target audience is 15-19 year olds who enjoy pop music and would be interested in posters, photos and concert listings in the magazine.
Conventions of Drama Films
Drama portrays realistic characters and situations to move audiences emotionally through conflict. It depicts inner and outer struggles and uses climaxes and resolutions to keep audiences engaged. While drama often shows hardships, it can combine with other genres and some films break conventions by having unpredictable endings, like comedy-drama Larry Crowne or the tragic conclusion of Titanic.
Media Representations of Representation of regional identity
The document discusses regional identity and stereotypes within the United Kingdom. It describes stereotypes associated with being Scottish (money-obsessed, drinks alcohol, loves outdoors), Welsh (lives in countryside, jokes about shagging sheep), Irish (lives in countryside, works on farms, religious, good at music), English (racist, obsessed with beer and football), and people from various cities and regions like London, Manchester, Liverpool, Essex, Yorkshire, and Cornwall. It also contrasts stereotypes of northern and southern England, associating the north with poverty, weather, lower class jobs and the south with culture, wealth, and professional jobs. The document provides questions to consider when analyzing regional identity in media clips.
Magazine Analysis: ELLE Magazine
ELLE magazine targets young women aged 16-30 interested in fashion and beauty. It is published by Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S. and focuses on appearance, celebrity, and fashion trends. The analyzed issue features singer Lily Allen on the cover. Her pose and dress portray a strong, independent woman and signal the magazine's focus on style. Inside, articles discuss fashion, beauty, and celebrity interviews, while advertisements feature high-end fashion and beauty brands. The magazine presents a stylish image through its simple layout, complementary colors, and side text providing article insights.
A2 Media Studies: Representation Intro
Representations in media do not present objective reality, but rather a constructed version of events or situations. They invite audiences to interpret them in preferred or dominant ways. Whatever representations are used implicitly convey ideologies, meanings, and values. This gives media institutions power and responsibility over how they represent social groups and influence attitudes. Stereotypes simplify representations but often rely on assumptions. They are commonly used against minority or disadvantaged groups. Ideologies in media serve the interests of those in power and reinforce dominant beliefs in society through representations and stereotypes.
Lesson 19 - Regional and national identity
This document discusses regional identity in the UK and how it is portrayed in television and film. It examines stereotypes of different regions including Northerners, Southerners, Scousers, Welsh, and Londoners. Key theorists are discussed who argue that media plays a role in constructing national and regional identities through appealing to shared values and traditions. However, some media presents a more fragmented picture and must find ways of representing diverse identities in multicultural Britain. The use of stereotypes in establishing characters and identities is also examined.
Analysing print based media
This document discusses various print media and their key features for analysis. It covers magazine covers, print advertisements, film posters, web pages, newspapers, CD covers, and computer game covers. For each medium, it identifies important elements to analyze such as visual codes, layout/design, genre, and purpose. The goal is to understand how each medium conveys information and targets its intended audience through textual and visual elements.
Reception Theory
This document discusses the history and development of reception theory. It covers early uses of reception theory from the 1970s-1990s to analyze media content, the expansion of the theory beyond text to include semiotics and the understanding that environmental context influences reception. More recent developments mentioned include incorporating neuroscience findings and how reception models have been used to understand celebrity reception. The meaning derived from media depends on the relationship between the text and the reader's own background and experiences.
Demographics and psychographics
Demographic information classifies audiences by age, gender, race and other attributes and breaks them into bands based on jobs or status, as shown in a sample demographic table. While thriller movies could appeal to wide audiences, psychological thrillers may not appeal to those with lower education levels who are unemployed and would not understand the psychological aspects. Psychographics divides the market into groups based on social class, lifestyle, and personality, and the products or brands purchased reflect those characteristics and patterns of living. Thrillers can appeal to varied psychographic groups more so than other genres like rom-coms that target more specific psychographics.
Why audiences may respond differently to the same media text for AS Media
Audiences may respond differently to the same media text for several reasons. Reception theory explains that audiences can have preferred, dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of a text based on factors like their age, gender, culture, or place of living. Uses and gratifications theory also suggests audiences seek different pleasures from texts, such as information, identity, social interaction, or entertainment. As a result, the same text can provide different meanings and values to different audience groups.
Viewers also liked (19)
How do these magazines reach their target audience
How do these magazines reach their target audience
A2 Media Case Study - The Hunger Games (Representation)
A2 Media Case Study - The Hunger Games (Representation)
Media Representations of Representation of regional identity
Media Representations of Representation of regional identity
Why audiences may respond differently to the same media text for AS Media
Why audiences may respond differently to the same media text for AS Media
Similar to Audience revision
08 frozen and audience 2
The document discusses how audiences engage with and respond to media texts through audience positioning and theories of encoding/decoding. It prompts the reader to analyze how camera shots and angles position audiences in a scene from Frozen, and how technical elements, language, and scene construction make audiences feel. The document also discusses how audiences may have preferred, negotiated, or oppositional readings depending on their backgrounds and identities, and not all audiences are passive decoders of intended messages.
A2 audience gr
Audience theory examines how audiences interpret and make meaning from media messages. Early theories proposed passive audiences that absorbed messages uncritically (hypodermic needle theory), but reception theory argues audiences actively make sense of media based on their social position. Uses and gratifications theory sees audiences using media to fulfill needs like entertainment, information, and social connection. New media like social networks give audiences more power to create and share content, challenging traditional models of passive audiences.
Audience Positioning and Media Effects
The document provides guidance on how to structure essay responses to higher-level exam questions. It recommends starting with a short introduction to define key terms, planning the main points with references to theory and terminology, using examples from multiple media texts to illustrate each point, writing each point fully while being time-aware, and concluding by summarizing the key points and answering the question. It also provides an example question, marking criteria, and suggests choosing opposing newspaper representations of reality to analyze.
1 audience
The document discusses three theories of audience:
1. The hypodermic model views audiences as passive recipients of media messages.
2. Uses and gratifications theory sees audiences as active, using media to fulfill needs like surveillance, identity, relationships, and diversion.
3. Reception theory argues audiences interpret media through their own cultural lens, in an active partnership with media producers rather than being passive. Examples are given of how different social groups interpreted the same TV program differently.
The document instructs to apply these theories by analyzing how one's own media productions are meant to be read and what pleasures the intended audience may derive, using examples from projects like a CD cover.
Audience
This document provides guidance on developing an understanding of audience in coursework by discussing relevant media theories. It recommends focusing on a few key theorists and applying their concepts to case studies rather than extensively explaining theories. The document then discusses several theories for conceptualizing audiences as either passive or active. It outlines passive theories including hypodermic needle theory and cultivation theory. It also discusses how audiences can have dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of media texts based on their social positions. Finally, it provides examples of mainstream versus cult media and suggests an outline for discussing audience in coursework.
Engl 102 28 exploratory research project
This document outlines an exploratory research project for an English course. Students will research an issue in education by creating an annotated bibliography of at least 15 sources and conducting interviews to produce a 3-5 minute documentary. The annotated bibliography must summarize and evaluate 10 required sources on the topic. Students will then use their research and interviews to create a documentary that both informs about the issue and persuades the audience of the need to address it. The project aims to develop students' research, critical thinking, and rhetorical skills.
Presentation, Its Types, Planning and Conduct
This presentation is about how many types of presentations are and how to plan an effective presentation with how to conduct an effective presentation
Adapting your message to your audience (continue)
This document provides guidance on analyzing audiences and adapting messages to different audiences. It discusses analyzing audiences at the individual, group, and organizational level. It defines discourse communities as groups that share communication norms. The document outlines factors that define organizational culture, such as values, power structures, and preferred behaviors. It provides tips for analyzing an organization's discourse community by examining verbal and non-verbal cues. The document advises tailoring content, style, organization, and visuals based on the audience. It compares written and oral communication and suggests using multiple channels to effectively reach audiences.
Academic writing-pdf 120924-2
This document provides guidance on writing an academic essay. It outlines 4 key steps: 1) Planning your writing by understanding the task and allocating time, 2) Understanding the question by analyzing direction, topic, and focus words, 3) Brainstorming ideas related to the topic, and 4) Structuring an outline by grouping and thematizing ideas and organizing them logically. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to apply each step, such as analyzing an essay question, brainstorming cultural issues for public health workers, and creating potential themes and outlines. Following these steps is recommended to effectively research, structure and write an academic essay.
Audience theory
The document discusses audience theory, which includes studying how audiences are constructed, how they view and interpret media texts, their motivations for consuming media, and the effects media has on audiences. It examines factors like demographics that media producers consider when targeting audiences. Theories discussed include uses and gratification theory, Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model of communication, and David Morley's study of how audiences can have dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of media texts based on their own experiences.
Writing and Research Strategies
This powerpoint is designed for graduate students interested in starting writing groups, as well as address some of the major issues facing these writers.
Audience
This document discusses key concepts relating to audience in media studies. It begins by defining different types of audiences, such as target, mass, niche, and secondary audiences. It then discusses how audience demographics like age, gender, social class can be analyzed. Several audience theories are outlined, including uses and gratifications theory, which discusses how audiences use media to fulfill needs like information, entertainment, and social interaction. Effects theory and its models (hypodermic needle, two-step flow, cultivation) are covered, as well as reception theory and Hall's encoding/decoding model of how audiences can interpret texts in preferred, negotiated, or oppositional ways. Genre theory and its relationship to audience expectations and pleasures is also discussed.
Audience
This document discusses key concepts relating to audience in media studies. It defines audience as the people who consume a media product or text. Media texts have intended target audiences that can be mass/mainstream or niche. Audiences can also be passive or active in how they engage with media. The relationship between producers, texts, and audiences affects how meaning is constructed and understood. Demographic details about audiences like age, gender, social class are important to consider. Theories discussed include uses and gratifications theory, which argues media satisfies audience needs and desires, and Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model of how audiences can interpret meanings differently than intended.
Week 4.2 forming arguments & structures
The document provides instructions for an assignment on analyzing arguments related to influencer marketing. Students are asked to analyze several sample texts and scholarly articles on influencer marketing and answer questions about the arguments and stances presented in each. They are then instructed to have a group discussion synthesizing the sources and forming their own arguments on influencer marketing. The document concludes by providing guidance on writing inductive, deductive, and analytical thesis statements and outlines various argument structures that could be used.
Presentation
The document provides guidance on making effective presentations for different contexts and purposes. It discusses the key elements of an effective presentation including understanding your audience, clearly stating your purpose, and using logical and emotional appeals. It also outlines different types of informative presentations like briefings and trainings, and special occasion presentations such as award ceremonies, dedications, and farewell speeches. The document emphasizes adapting your presentation based on your audience and purpose.
Researchtopic lec3
1. The document provides guidance on selecting and narrowing down a research topic. It emphasizes that the topic should be of interest to the researcher so their enthusiasm comes through.
2. Several criteria are listed for evaluating potential topics, such as whether it will appeal to readers, offer a new perspective, and be of lasting significance.
3. The process of narrowing a topic involves considering its aspects, components, relationships, and types to focus the scope in a manageable way. Outlining the topic in stages and justifying its importance helps define the direction of the research.
how-to-give-a-persuasive-speech.ppt
A persuasive speech is a type of speech crafted to convince someone to believe or do something. Individuals use persuasive speeches in a variety of professional capacities, including debates, sales pitches, presentations and legal proceedings.
Public speaking 2011 british week 2011
The document provides guidelines for a public speaking competition, including:
1) There will be three prizes awarded - one for the winner, one for the runner up, and an Audience Choice Award.
2) Speeches will be 5 minutes long and will be penalized for going over or under time. Questions will follow each speech.
3) Participants should prepare speeches on the assigned theme and be ready to answer questions to demonstrate their research and knowledge on the topic. Thorough preparation and understanding of different perspectives is important for an effective speech.
Pg academic reading critical analysis
Critical reading involves standing back and analyzing a text from multiple perspectives rather than taking information at face value. It means considering an issue's context, evaluating evidence and ideas before making a judgment. The process allows one to engage with different views and form independent interpretations. Critical reading is the foundation of academic writing and starts during reading by actively questioning a work's provenance, content, bias and usefulness. Developing critical reading skills helps one's studies and daily life.
Focus group research
The document discusses different qualitative research methods like phenomenology, ethnography, and grounded theory, as well as their uses and limitations. It focuses on explaining the process of conducting focus groups, including selecting participants, moderating the discussion, and preparing a report on the findings. The popularity of qualitative research methods like focus groups is also examined due to their ability to provide in-depth understanding of consumer motivations at a relatively low cost.
Similar to Audience revision (20)
More from ddoggart
Taste
This document discusses the concept of taste and how it relates to culture and social norms. It explores how ideas of beauty have changed over time, and how people's personal tastes may vary depending on the social group. The document also discusses different theories on taste, including the idea that there is a dominant view of "good taste" imposed by society, as well as the view that different subcultures can have equally valid but different taste cultures. The document prompts reflection on whether people's tastes should conform to social norms or be a reflection of their own identities.
Stereotyping
This document discusses cultural perceptions and stereotypes. It notes that people often view their own culture's values as normal and look down on differences in other cultures. Stereotypes are tendencies to overgeneralize about groups, but they fulfill a need to simplify our understanding of social groups. However, stereotypes also communicate negative evaluations of outgroups and reinforce prejudices. The document examines why people stereotype, how stereotypes shape social identities and perceptions of "us vs. them", and the potential for stereotypes to become self-fulfilling prophecies.
As comms & culture groups
This document discusses group membership and identity. It explores how individuals derive self-esteem and identity from the groups they belong to. Social identity theory proposes that people are motivated to join groups that enhance their status and self-esteem. Group membership provides norms and behaviors that help shape members' identities. However, strong conformity to groupthink can undermine independent thinking and potentially lead to poor decisions. The document examines several studies demonstrating how central group members highly conform to norms compared to more marginal members.
D doggart commas 101 v2
This document provides instruction on proper comma usage. It discusses using commas to separate items in lists and elements in sentences to improve clarity. Examples are given of correcting comma errors in long sentences. Activities are suggested for learners to practice identifying where commas should be placed and to experiment with punctuation changing the meaning of phrases. The goal is for learners to more accurately use commas in their own writing.
D doggart mission non fiction
The document introduces a training mission for students to learn about non-fiction texts. It begins by stating the aims of introducing a range of non-fiction texts, identifying them by language, and exploring one type of non-fiction text in more detail by examining its audience, purpose and language. Students are then split into spy partners and tasked with identifying different genres of non-fiction on a task sheet. After completing this task successfully, the students are each assigned a full non-fiction text to investigate and must report back their findings to complete the objectives of the training mission.
Mock ups
Magazine mock-ups provide sample templates for designing magazine layouts. The templates include basic page designs with common magazine elements such as headlines, images, captions and columns. Users can customize the templates to create mock-ups of their own magazine concepts before investing in printing and production.
Mock ups
Magazine mock-ups provide sample templates for designing magazine layouts. The templates include basic page designs with common magazine elements such as headlines, images, captions and columns. Users can customize the templates to create mock-ups of their own magazine concepts before investing in printing and production.
Housestyle
House magazines typically have a consistent style across editions that helps identify them. This document prompts the reader to examine editions of the same magazine to identify elements that comprise its house style. House styles unify a publication's visual presentation and support brand recognition.
2012 size zero debate
This document discusses various media issues related to body image and representations of women in the media. It references advertising campaigns by Dove that feature "real women" rather than size zero models. It also mentions reaction to a "skinny gossip" blog that critiques celebrities' bodies, as well as magazine articles about airbrushing practices and portrayals of women in sitcoms and celebrity photos.
2012 privacy
This document discusses debates around celebrities' rights to privacy through examining two cases: photos of Kate Middleton topless that were taken from a distance and published in newspapers, and photos of Prince Harry naked in Las Vegas that were obtained by the celebrity news website TMZ and later published in tabloids. It provides background details on the photos, links to related news articles that discuss the controversies, and notes different reactions and viewpoints expressed on whether publishing such personal photos without consent violates privacy expectations.
2012 riots front pages
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness and well-being.
Magazine covers ethnicity
Pride Magazine is the largest and most successful magazine targeting Afro-Caribbean women in the UK. It has been published since 1991 and is the only stable magazine in this niche market, attracting mainstream advertisers. With a circulation over 30,000 copies per month, it is seen as the most effective way to reach the Afro-Caribbean community in the UK. It is also the only remaining black-owned media company of its size in the UK.
2012 traveller banned ads
This 1 minute video is an advertisement for the 2012 television series "Call the Midwife". It introduces the premise of the show which is set in 1950s London and follows a group of midwives who help deliver babies in the city's poorest neighborhoods. The ad highlights some of the emotional moments and challenges the midwives face in bringing new life into the world while providing care for women in the community.
2012 dvd covers
Junior Crown Prosecutor Alesha Phillips works closely with detectives, bringing empathy and understanding gained from her background growing up in a disadvantaged community. She aims to advocate for the disenfranchised and sees legal issues from their perspective. Phillips has a strong intellect and passion for justice.
2012 intro to ethnicity
The document discusses representations of ethnicity in British media and common stereotypes. It notes that while ethnic minorities make up nearly 8% of the UK population, their representation in television is often limited and relies on stereotypes. Common stereotypes seen include black people portrayed as entertainers or criminals, Middle Eastern people as shopkeepers or traditional/misogynistic, and stereotypes of other groups are often absent entirely. The document argues for more progressive representations that move beyond limited stereotypes.
2012 fragrance ads
Diesel launched a tattoo-inspired fragrance campaign featuring close-ups of masculine tattoos and the slogan "Only the Brave". Victor and Rolf's Spicebomb ads showed adventurous men engaging in dangerous activities. Miss Dior's 2012 campaign starred Natalie Portman in a romantic scene expressing the scent's feminine qualities. Lady Gaga furthered her eccentric image in a provocative ad to promote her Fame perfume.
2012 music videos
The document discusses representations of gender in music videos, focusing on Beyonce's 2011 video for "Who Rules the World (Girls)" and Eminem's 2010 video for "Love the Way You Lie" featuring Rihanna. It examines how the artists, particularly Beyonce and Rihanna, are portrayed and constructed visually, what factors influence these representations, and whether the representations are progressive or regressive. The document also discusses concerns that some viewers, like mothers, may have about sexualized or objectifying portrayals of women in music videos, and how male artists are represented as well.
2012 dd gender pp
The document discusses how gender is a social construct rather than biological, and how masculinity and femininity are culturally defined and learned from a young age; traditionally, patriarchal societies have valued male gender roles and attributes more, though feminism challenged this and created more flexible gender roles; however, representations of gender in media still reflect a mix of traditional and modern values.
2012 genre
This document discusses genre in media. It defines genre as a type or category of media that shares similar characteristics. Genres are identified by their codes and conventions, such as characters, settings, narratives, and ideologies. Audiences enjoy genres because of their familiarity and ability to predict elements, while producers benefit from the commercial success of proven genres. However, genres avoid becoming boring by combining familiar and unexpected elements in each new text. The document also discusses genre hybrids that combine conventions of multiple genres.
Raunch culture in music videos
This document discusses issues around the sexualization of young celebrities and role models. It provides examples of controversial media content and photoshoots involving Rihanna, Christina Aguilera, Shakira, and Miley Cyrus between 2009-2011. For Miley Cyrus, it discusses the outrage over sexualized photos of her taken for Vanity Fair when she was 15, as well as statements made by Cyrus and Disney about maintaining her image as a role model for young fans. The document also mentions advertising campaigns by Lynx that were banned for being seen as inappropriate and sexually suggestive toward young audiences.
More from ddoggart (20)
Recently uploaded
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Constructing Your Course Container for Effective Communication
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
How to deliver Powerpoint Presentations.pptx
"How to make and deliver dynamic presentations by making it more interactive to captivate your audience attention"
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
● What is event processing in MuleSoft?
● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
● Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Recently uploaded (20)
Constructing Your Course Container for Effective Communication
Constructing Your Course Container for Effective Communication
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Audience revision
- 2. To tackle audience, you will need: •To know a certain amount of theory – look over check list and learn •To know some case study texts that you can use to illustrate your ideas (FHM cover/ Beyoncé video/ Four Lions/ Slumdog Millionaire?)
- 3. In the exam, you will get one 30-mark question on audience. This could be Question Two, in which case it will be split into three shorter questions. An example can be seen on the next slide…
- 4. • Use marks allocated as a guide – 1 mark per minute? • Analyse question carefully to understand the exact requirements • Use own case study samples for (c) – 2 or 3 texts
- 5. If the audience question in Question 3, it will probably look something like this: • As this is worth 30 marks, it should be longer and more developed than even your 2 (c) response and should take about 35 minutes to plan and write. • You will need to refer to at least 2/3 different case studies.
- 6. So, what sort of things can they ask you? • Identify and describe an audience • Look at how a text constructs an audience • Look at how a text positions its audience • How a text appeals to an audience • How different audience can respond differently to different texts
- 7. IDENTIFY/ DESCRIBE AN AUDIENCE: This involves describing the audience as accurately as you can, using: DEMOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTORS (GRASS) and PSYCHOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTORS (Young and Rubicam) and ANY OTHER DISTINGUISHING FEATURES Be as accurate a you can and offer some reasons/evidence for your choices.
- 8. Suggest TWO audiences for this film and give reasons for your choices. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JerVr
- 9. Other considerations : •Know why media producers need to know their target audience •Know the strengths and weaknesses of seeing whole groups of people as reacting in a similar way to each other •Understand situated culture as a way of explaining how people belonging to the same group may well react quite differently to certain texts and group reactions less predictable.
- 11. CONSTRUCTING AN AUDIENCE: This refers to the fact that most texts create a strong sense of who their audience is – the actual text projects clues as to what sort of person their reader is. Key questions: what type of person reads/ views this – how do we know this? What tells us?
- 12. How does this text construct its audience?
- 13. Other considerations : •Do these ideologies about the reader reflect how the reader actually is or do they try and shape the reader and force them to live up to these ideas? A mirror or a dictator? •Which of these is a matter for more concern? •Does it make any difference if the audience is active or passive? Why/ not? •Reception theory? Pick’n’Mix Theory?
- 14. Positioning An Audience: This refers to how we are placed in relation to a text, how it wants us to see and respond to the text.
- 15. This can involve: •Which characters we are made to like/ dislike •How we are made to feel about an issue •Whether we see through a character’s eyes (1st person) or kept as a detached observer (3rd person) – how involved are we? •How we choose to respond to the text’s ideologies – Reception Theory
- 16. How do these two extracts position us? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKgDjUG8vs8&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-2Oa8Q7RV78&feature=related
- 17. And how does this ad position us?
- 18. Issues Arising: •Are we passive or active? •Do we have to accept the positioning we are offered or can we resist it? •Reception Theory/ Encoding- Decoding Model.
- 19. What is the Preferred and what the Oppositional Reading here? Proving that resistance is not futile!
- 20. How are we being positioned here and how can we resist this positioning?
- 21. Appealing to an Audience: This refers to how texts appeal/ attract or target their audience. Why do texts have to include techniques and media language elements that appeal to their audience?
- 22. Common methods of appealing to an audience: •Offer them an image they can relate to/ identify with or aspire to be like – makes it easy to feel an interest in the text •Use media language features that they are likely to enjoy •Use well-worn patterns audiences know and love – patterns of genre, narrative and representation – but maybe adding in a new twist •Use techniques to hook them at the start – enigmas, setting up expectations
- 23. How does this trailer target its intended audience? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IZUWkgh Remember: when using your own case studies, always identify who the target audience is before outlining techniques used to appeal!
- 24. You can also consider how a text can appeal to several audiences at once – it offers different things to different people. Key ideas: •Polysemy •Reception Theory •Uses and Gratifications Theory
- 25. Identify two audiences here and explain how they might get different things out of this text/ read it differently.
- 26. Different Audiences, Different Responses Different groups of people often can and do react differently to the same text. What can explain this?
- 27. • Different backgrounds may well offer a different way of looking at things – although, even within a group, their may not be a uniform response (older and younger Asian viewers may well react differently to Four Lions/ notions of situated culture) • Polysemy – media texts are made of signs and these often carry multiple meanings – Encoding- Decoding Model suggests different people may take different understandings • Reception Theory/ the Active Audience – we are free to take our own stance on a media text.
- 28. Think of two different groups of people who might respond differently to this ad – how might they differ and why?
- 29. How has the Tory party read this text differently – what makes this possible?
- 30. Writing an answer to an essay question: •Start with a short intro – explain what key terms mean e.g. audience positioning •Plan what points you want to make – try and use theory and terminology where you can •Think how to illustrate your points with examples from texts – you need to cover 2/3 different texts from at least 2 different media; make sure they are detailed and specific. •Write each point up – be time aware •Conclusion – sum up key points and ensure you offer a considered answer/ comment on the task/ question that reflects what you have written.
- 31. Revision Ideas: •Learn all theories and understand them – write revision cards or test each other •Know what the five key question areas are and what the terms mean/ what issues they give rise to •Apply these to your case study texts •Apply them to some new texts you can find yourself or do some more work on the ones in this PP •Look over past questions and plan/ write answers – stick to the time limits