The document discusses assessment in education. It defines assessment as a broad term that includes testing and is the process of gathering, interpreting, and recording information about students' knowledge, understanding, abilities, attitudes, and progress. Testing is a particular type of assessment that focuses on eliciting a specific performance sample. Formative assessment is used to provide feedback and inform development, while summative assessment provides a measure of achievement and determines progression. Both formative and summative assessments are important tools in monitoring student learning.

1. TESTING, ASSESSMENT, AND EVALUATION
IN TEACHING (II)
ASSESSMENT

2. ASSESSMENT
Assessment is a broad term that includes testing
• Rowntree (1977): assessment in education can be thought of
as occurring whenever one person, in some kind of interaction,
direct or indirect, with another, is conscious of obtaining and
interpreting information about the knowledge and
understanding of abilities and attitudes of that other person. To
some extent or another, it is an attempt to know the person.
• Erwin, in Brown and Knight, (1994): Assessment is a
systematic basis for making inference about the learning and
development of students… the process of defining, selecting,
designing, collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and using the
information to increase students' learning and development.

3. • Brown (2003, p.4): it is an ongoing process that encompasses
a much broader domain. To do an assessment, a teacher should
consider many aspects in determining the final scores of the
students. In addition to the mid-semester and final semester
scores, the teacher should also pay attention to the students`
participation, motivation, presentation, performance, paper,
portfolio, presence, homework, etc.
---- It is a process of gathering information to monitor progress
and make educational decisions if necessary. An assessment
may include a test, but also includes methods such as
observations, interviews, behavior monitoring, etc.

4. Is assessment synonymous with testing?
• No, it is not.
• Assessment is a more encompassing term than testing. It is the
process of gathering, interpreting, and sometimes recording
and using information about students' responses to an
educational task to provide the next learning step.
Does the assessment include testing?
• Yes, it does.
• Testing is a particular kind of assessment that focuses on
eliciting a specific sample of performance.

5. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT AND SUMMATIVE
ASSESSMENTS
• Summative assessment is moderated assessment which
provides a measure of achievement or failure in respect of a
student's performance about the intended learning outcomes of
the course of study and which determines progression and
award.
• Summative assessments: Quizzes, long tests, periodical exams,
etc.
• Formative assessment is designed to provide students with
feedback on progress and inform development. It does not
contribute to the students' progression or awards but will help
them prepare for summative assessment.
• Formative assessments: portfolios, role play, record tracking,
etc.)

6. Formative assessment Vs. Summative assessments

7. References & Recommended Reading
• Brown, H.D. (1994). Principles of Language Learning and
Teaching. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
• Doff, A. (1988). Teach English. Glasgow: Cambridge
University Press.
• Rosset, E. (1998). Fill in the Gaps. Brno: Didaktis.
• Scrivener, J. (1998). Learning Teaching. Oxford: Macmillan.
• Ur, P. (1991). A Course in Language Teaching. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.