This document defines asexual reproduction and describes its various types. It explains that asexual reproduction involves a single parent producing offspring that are genetically identical. Various types of asexual reproduction are described, including fission, fragmentation, budding, parthenogenesis, spore production, and vegetative propagation. Examples of each type are provided. The objectives are to define asexual reproduction, describe its different types, and classify organisms by their reproductive methods.

2. OBJECTIVES: After going through this lesson, the learner should be able to:
•define asexual reproduction;
•describe the different types of asexual
reproductions;
•classify organisms according to their methods of
reproduction

3. Why the cell is considered the basic structural and functional
unit of all organisms?

4. How to be a responsible parents?

5. Asexual Reproduction
• Occurs when only one parent produces an offspring which has the
exact genetic make-up with the parent.
• Mostly occurs in single - celled organisms such as bacteria; some
multicellular organisms such as fungi; and some plants.

6. TYPES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION:
1. Fission
2. Fragmentation
3. Budding
4. Parthenogenesis
5. Spore production
6. Vegetative propagation
a. Rhizomes
b. Runners
c. Bulbs
d. Tubers
e. Corms
f. Plantlets

7. Fission
• The cell divides to form two identical daughter cells.
• Each daughter cell grows until it becomes as large as the parent cell.
• Example: Amoeba cell reproduces by dividing.

9. Fragmentation
• Severed parts of the organisms grow into another organism similar to it.
Examples: starfish, planaria, spirogya, hydra parent starfish
new starfish
fragment arm
regenerating arm
• A young starfish can develop from a single fragment of its arm.

11. Budding
• New identical individual forms as an outgrowth of the parent.
• The outgrowth detaches from the parent and becomes a new individual.
Example: yeast, hydra, and sponges
new
buds
Budding in yeast

13. Parthenogenesis
• occurs when an embryo develops from an unfertilized cell. It occurs in
invertebrates, as well as in some fish, amphibians, and reptiles.
Baby Komodo dragon produced through parthenogenesis.

14. Spore production
• Spores are stored in sacs called Sporangia.
• When the Sporangia bursts open; minute single-celled structures called spores are released.
• Under favorable conditions, these spores develop into a new identical organism.
Example: bread mold (alamag), mushrooms
A species of bread mold ( Rhizopus stolonifer) and a common mushroom produce spores to reproduce

16. Vegetative propagation
• Form of asexual reproduction in plants that occurs when a new plant
develops from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized
reproductive structure (rhizome, tuber, corm, or bulb)
• Example: sweet potato, cassava, banana,tao etc…

17. Rhizomes
• is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and
shoots from its nodes.
Ginger (luya) bamboo

18. Runners
• Moreover known as stolons, runners are specialized stems that, not at all like rhizomes, develop
from existing stems just underneath the soil surface.
runner
Straw berry silver weed

19. Bulb
• are swollen parts of the stem inside which lie the central shoots of new plants. They are usually
underground and are surrounded by plump and layered leaves that provide nourishment to the
new plant.
Shallots onions

20. Tubers
• emerge from either the stem or the root of the plant. Stem tubers develop from rhizomes or
runners that swell from storing nutrients while root tubers develop from roots that are modified
to store nutrients and get too large and produce a new plant.
• Examples of stem tubers are potatoes and yams or locally known as ube, apari.
Potatoes yam (ube)

21. Corms
• The solid, enlarged underground stems that store nutrients in their fleshy and solid stem tissue
are called corms. They are surrounded by papery leaves. Corms vary from bulbs in that their
centers comprises of strong tissue whereas bulbs comprise of layered clears out. Example of
plants that use corm is taro (gabi).
Taro plant (gaway)

22. Plantlets
• The miniature structures that arise from meristem in leaf margins ic referred to as plantlets. They
eventually develop roots and drop from the “mother leaf” or the leaves they grew on.
Bryophyllum daigremontianum (syn. Kalanchoe daigremontianum), also known as mother of
thousands is an example of a plant that uses plantlets to propagate. Katakataka plant is another
example for this.
new leaf with roots
Mother of thousands

23. GENERALIZATION:
• How do you define asexual reproduction based on the given
information?
• Can an organism reproduce new organism alone?

24. • Directions: Classify the following organisms according to their method of reproduction. Choose from the
choices in the box.
APPLICATION: Activity 1. How Do I Reproduce?
Binary fission Budding formation fragmentation
Spore formation vegetation
yeast
budding
molds
Spore formation
sweet potato
vegetation
amoeba
binary fission
star fish
fragmentation

25. EVALUATION:
• Directions: Choose the best answer from the given choices. Write the letter of your choice on
your activity notebook.
1. Which of the following statements correctly describes asexual reproduction?
I. Offspring are genetically unique
II. Offspring are genetically identical to parent
III. A male and female is needed to produce offspring
IV. One parent is needed to reproduce.
V. It only occurs in plants and bacteria.
a) I and III only
b) II and IV only
c) I, IV and V only
d) II, IV and V only

26. 2. How many parents are needed in asexual reproduction?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

27. 3. How do bacteria make the next generation?
a) Budding
b) Sexually
c) Fragmentation
d) Binary Fission

28. 4. Which of the following is a DISADVANTAGE of asexual
reproduction?
a) There is great variation among the offspring.
b) Offspring will get all good characteristics of parents.
c) Offspring have difficulty in adapting to new environment.
d) Adapting to the environment is always constant among the offspring.

29. 5. If you cut a starfish into two pieces, each piece
develops into anew starfish. What type of asexual
reproduction is this?
a) Budding
b) Fragmentation
c) Spore Formation
d) Vegetative Propagation

30. 6. Which of the following is known as the
horizontal runners in strawberries?
a) Buds
b) Clones
c) Stolons
d) Roots

31. 7. The diagrams below represent various processes
associated with reproduction. Which of the following
represent asexual reproduction?
a) I and II only
b) II and III only
c) I, III and IV only
d) I, II, III and IV
I II III IV

32. 8. Which of the following is the starting point of an
offspring of a budding organism?
a) Colony of clones
b) Unfertilized egg cell
c) Cutting from the parent
d) Growth on the parent’s body

33. 9. Which of the following words is another term for
regeneration?
a) Communication
b) Defense
c) Healing
d) Movement

34. 10. An offspring is produced through asexual
reproduction. Which of the following best describes the
offspring’s genetic material?
a) Completely unrelated to its parents.
b) Identical to the genetic material of one parent.
c) A copy of the genetic material of one parent.
d) A combination of the genetic material of its parents.

35. ASSIGNMENT:
• During TABO in Gandara every Sunday kindly list at least 5 organism you will find and identify
their mode of asexual reproduction and state your reason/s as well. Please refer to the example
given.
ORGANISM
MODE OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
REASON/S
Example: banana (aldaba) corm It has solid under ground stems that store nutrients in their fleshy and solid
stem tissue.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.