Artificial sweeteners are used as sugar substitutes that provide sweetness with fewer calories than sugar. Some are produced naturally while others like aspartame, saccharin, acesulfame-K, sucralose, and neotame are synthesized. They are used by those watching their sugar intake, managing diabetes, or concerned with weight gain. While safe for most in moderation, artificial sweeteners come with restrictions for those with rare conditions like phenylketonuria. They are many times sweeter than sugar but provide no calories, making them a popular sugar substitute.

2. TOPIC
Artificial Sweeteners

4. Introduction:
 A sugar substitute is a food additive that
provides a sweet taste like that of sugar while
containing significantly less food energy.
 Some sugar substitutes are produced by
nature, and others produced synthetically.
Those that are not produced by nature are, in
general, called artificial sweeteners.

5. Artificial Sweeteners are used by
Those trying to cut out sugar.
Someone who can’t have sugar would be
a diabetic.
Who concerned with diabetes, weight
gain, obesity-related disorder and dental
caries.
Using artificial sweeteners is safe to
control blood sugar levels.

6. But consuming too much natural
sweeteners, can lead to health problems
such as:
 Tooth decay
 Weight gain
 Increased triglycerides.
 Also honey can contain small amounts of
bacterial spores that can produce botulism toxin.
For that, honey shouldn't be given to children less
than 1 year old.

7. 5 Approved Artificial Sweeteners
Aspartame Saccharin
Acesulfame
-K
Sucralose Neotame

8. Aspartame:
 Combination of two amino acids:
phenylalanine and aspartic acid.
 A low calorie sweetener.
 200 times sweeter than sucrose.
 Digestible.
 Does not promote tooth decay.
 Enhance and intensified flavor (citrus and
fruits)

9. Metabolism of Aspartame:
Metabolism Of Aspartame:

10. Restrictions:
People with phenyl-ketonuria (PKU) disease.
PKU is a rare inherited disease that prevent the
metabolism of essential amino acids.
Accumulation of phenyl-alanine in the body
could cause health problems including mental
retardation.

11. Saccharin:
 Oldest artificial sweetener still in use today.
 derives from the word "saccharine", meaning
"sugary".
 300 times sweeter than sucrose
 Slightly bitter taste.
 Saccharin is not absorbed or metabolized.
 Excreted unchanged, via the kidneys. FDA considers
this sweetener safe.
Benzoic sulfilmine

12. Synthesis:
o Saccharin is heat stable.
o It does not react chemically with other food
ingredients, as such, it stores well.

13. Acesulfame-K
 does not break down by heat so it can be
used in cooking or baking.
 It can’t be metabolized or stored in the
body.
 200 times sweeter than sucrose
 Applied in both food and non-food
products.
 effect of Acesulfame- K with glucose,
fructose, sucrose, and sucralose increases
its sweetness intensity (O’Donnell,
2005).

14. Sucralose:
 Produced by the selective
chlorination of sucrose
 Sucralose is a common name for a
new high intensity sweetener
derived from sucrose.
 It is about 600 times sweeter than
sucrose.

15. Synthesis:

16. Neotame:
 Peptide derivative of aspartic acid & Pheynl-
alanine.
 Approved as a sweetener and flavor
enhancer.
 7,000-13,000 times sweeter than sucrose.
 30—60 times sweeter than aspartame
 Rapidly metabolized by human.

17. Synthesis:

18. Benefits and Conclusion:
 Non-cloric and does not breakdown in the body.
 Does not promote tooth decay.
 Soluble in water.
 Excellent stability in wide range of processed
foods and beverages.
 Heat stable.
 It should be used by recommended amount.