the all u need to know about syrup is here its a verified information.and will help u to incerease your knowledge about liquid dosage forms especially Syrup
this paper was presented in the ONE DAY NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON "RECENT ADVANCES AND CURRENT TRENDS IN BIO-SCIENCE" held on 8th February 2013 at ASAN MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE, Chennai-100.
Artificial Sweeteners
As we already know about cane sugar and natural sugar, sucrose. Here we will see about artificial sweeteners. “A sugar substituent is a food additive that duplicates the effect of sugar in taste with less food energy. They are usually refer to as non-nutritive or non-caloric substances”. There are presently five artificial or synthetic sweeteners approved by U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) named as saccharin, aspartame, neotame, sucralose and acesulfame K.
History
The first artificial sweetener was discovered by accidently in 1879 by a German Scientist Fahlberg while searching on the coal tar derivatives. During his work he raised a piece of bread to eat without washing hands and found the bread unbelievably sweet. Thus, he created the world first artificial sweetener named as Saccharin.
Explanation of artificial sweeteners are given in slides
the all u need to know about syrup is here its a verified information.and will help u to incerease your knowledge about liquid dosage forms especially Syrup
this paper was presented in the ONE DAY NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON "RECENT ADVANCES AND CURRENT TRENDS IN BIO-SCIENCE" held on 8th February 2013 at ASAN MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE, Chennai-100.
Artificial Sweeteners
As we already know about cane sugar and natural sugar, sucrose. Here we will see about artificial sweeteners. “A sugar substituent is a food additive that duplicates the effect of sugar in taste with less food energy. They are usually refer to as non-nutritive or non-caloric substances”. There are presently five artificial or synthetic sweeteners approved by U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) named as saccharin, aspartame, neotame, sucralose and acesulfame K.
History
The first artificial sweetener was discovered by accidently in 1879 by a German Scientist Fahlberg while searching on the coal tar derivatives. During his work he raised a piece of bread to eat without washing hands and found the bread unbelievably sweet. Thus, he created the world first artificial sweetener named as Saccharin.
Explanation of artificial sweeteners are given in slides
Natural sweetener which have low calorific value, can be used in diabetic and obese patient. some of them are taste modifying agents, which are not sweet in taste but modify the taste of sour food, can be used as natural sweetener instead of artificial sweetening agents which are high in calorie and can be harmful to our body.
An overview of the most commonly used sweeteners. Their use, characteristics and interesting facts. Przegląd najczęsciej używanych słodzików. Ich zastosowanie, charakterystyka oraz ciekawe fakty.
artificial sweeteners and plant sweetenersjaythoriya
in this presentation decription about classification of natural and artificial sweeteners. in which two types of sweetening agents are there one is nutritive sweeteners and another is non nutritive sweeteners
Sweeteners are carbohydrates are characterized by their sweet taste.
Common Ones is Monosaccharides and Disaccharides
Yeast- leavened products
Chemically – leavened sweet products
Natural sweetener which have low calorific value, can be used in diabetic and obese patient. some of them are taste modifying agents, which are not sweet in taste but modify the taste of sour food, can be used as natural sweetener instead of artificial sweetening agents which are high in calorie and can be harmful to our body.
An overview of the most commonly used sweeteners. Their use, characteristics and interesting facts. Przegląd najczęsciej używanych słodzików. Ich zastosowanie, charakterystyka oraz ciekawe fakty.
artificial sweeteners and plant sweetenersjaythoriya
in this presentation decription about classification of natural and artificial sweeteners. in which two types of sweetening agents are there one is nutritive sweeteners and another is non nutritive sweeteners
Sweeteners are carbohydrates are characterized by their sweet taste.
Common Ones is Monosaccharides and Disaccharides
Yeast- leavened products
Chemically – leavened sweet products
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. SWEETENERS
• They are mainly found in
oral dosage form and
chewable medications.
• Commonly used
sweeteners- sucrose,
glucose, sorbitol, fructose
and glycerin.
• Sorbitol, glucose,
sucrose, have limited use
in tablets, because of it’s
Hygroscopic nature.
2. POLYOLS
• These are called as sugar
replacers, sugar-free sweeteners,
sugar alcohols/ novel sugars.
• They occur naturally in plants but
also commercially be produced.
• Eg: mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol,
hydrogenated starch(Hydrolysates)
and artificial sugars.
MANNITOL
SORBITOL XYLITOL
3. MANNITOL
• Most commonly used in chewable
tablets, due to it’s less Hygroscopic
nature.
• It produces sweet cooling effect,
because of negative heat of solution.
• It is a polyol.
5. SUCROSE
• Commonly used as table sugar.
• Sweetening intensity- 1
• These are caloric.
• Standard sugar.
6. FRUCTOSE • It gives rapid onset of sweetness.
• Sweeting intensity- 1.2
• Caloric in nature.
7. D-GLUCOSE
• It is commonly referred as dextrose.
• Obtained from incomplete hydrolysis of
starch.
• It contains- dextrose, dextrin, maltose
and water.
• Extremely viscid substance.
• Sweeting intensity- 0.5-0.9
• Impart sweetness similar as honey.
• Caloric in nature.
8. SACCHARIN
• Widely used.
• It is a substitute of sucrose.
• High conc. bitter In taste,
• Low conc. Sweet in taste.
• Sodium salt of it is more palatable.
• Free of unpleasantness after taste.
• It is carcinogenic in nature, due to
cyclohexylamine formation.
• Sweeting intensity- 500
• BRAND NAME- Sweet’N Low.
• Non-caloric in nature.
9. SODIUM
CYCLAMATE
• It is banned is USA.
• It Is also carcinogenic,
due to cyclohexylamine
metabolite.
• Sweeting intensity- 30
10. ASPARTAME
• Chemical name- N-L-a-Aspartyl-L-
Phenylalanine methyl ester.
• Not having unpleasant aftertaste.
• Hydrolyzed to aspartyl phenylalanine and
diketopiperazine.
• Contraindicated to patients suffering from
phenyl ketone urea.
• Cause angioedema and urticaria.
• Sweeting intensity- 200
• Non caloric in nature.
• Brand name- NutraSweet & Equal.
•
11. SUCRALOSE
• New sweeting agent.
• Heat-stable
• Stable at wide Ph range
• Sweeting intensity- 600
• Brand name- Splenda
• Non caloric in nature.
12. ACESULPHAME-K
• Used in combination with aspartame to enhance sweeting.
• Heat stable.
• Brand name- Sunett and Sweet One.
• Sweeting intensity- 200
• Non caloric in nature.
• Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, used in liquid oral
preparation.
