Water resources are under increasing pressure due to population growth. The water industry must adopt environmentally friendly technologies to help ensure sustainable water management. Some key areas for innovation include using more sustainable raw materials in construction, generating renewable energy through solar panels and hydro power, and utilizing advanced water treatment technologies. While implementing new technologies presents challenges related to costs, awareness, and risk, focusing on sustainability is necessary for long-term water security and human development.

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ENVIRONMENT
FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGY
IN WATER INDUSTRY
Tejas Mairal
PS No 20068178

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Sr. no. Topic Page no.
1 Introduction – preface 2
2 Scope - Key functional areas for innovation 3
3 Practical implementation Examples 3
4 Challenges Ahead 5
5 Future prospects & sustainability 5
6 Conclusion – bottom line 7
7
References (Ref no. marked in superscript
throughout the article(xx) )
8

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Fig.1 World population growth trend (1)
Fig.2 World population growth trend Vs Ground water withdrawals (2)
Introduction
Water being the most abundant
element in this entire universe, has
been treated as taken for granted &
hence the sequence of exploiting the
almost every available source of
water began. Human civilization has
been striving on the river banks,
Indus valley civilization & Egyptian
civilization are the one of the oldest
known such societies whose
establishment & development was
directly dependent on water. With
growth in time, the population grew exponentially & fresh water which once seemed as an
indestructible & infinite commodity is now scarce to such an extent that efforts are being made
to save each & every drop of water from pollution.
Water Industry is
responsible for Development of a
proper infrastructure for optimum
utilization of water from various
sources as per various Schemes by
govt. Water industry being the
direct stake holder in the water
management issue, it’s our duty &
need of the hour to devise various
ways, processes & new
technologies for ensuring the environmental friendliness.

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Scope - Key functional areas for Innovation
Infrastructure for water involves construction on a mammoth scale, & power for
operations of various schemes, both of which are a direct & intense contributors to the damage
to the environment, reinstating which is a herculean task. Due to demand & supply Gap for water
(demand >>>supply) has forced us to initiate the large scale infrastructure construction which is
in evitable. Here is a graph that shows growth in population vs water.
Broadly there may be following areas where Environment friendly technology can be
adopted as far as water industry is concerned.
1. Raw material used in construction
2. Solar panel Embedded roof sheets Multi-purpose structures
3. Hydro power generation in Canals
4. Use of patented environmental friendly technology for water treatment
5. Generation of biogas from Waste & sewage treatment plant
These are just few examples of possible areas where environmental friendly water technology
can be implemented, however, there are huge number of possibilities for innovation &
identifying new technologies as per specific project needs.
Practical implementation Examples
 Environment friendly Raw materials in
construction: Using Raw materials such as fly ash
(7) cement instead of OPC, may help reduce
carbon foot print since Cement production is a
heavy contributor to the damages to the
environment.

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 Solar panel Embedded roof sheets Multi-
purpose structure(9): ware houses/sludge sheds
in Effluent treatment plant , Our Project CETP
Narol at Ahmedabad in one such great example
 Solar panel on top of Canals (8) : In Gujarat
Narmada Canal is humongous Project which is in
development since decades all together, Here
Concept of placing Solar panels on top of Canals
Helped do so many things namely
1. Generate Power without any fossil fuel
burning (renewable)
2. Reduced evaporation of water to a great extent
3. Provided Huge surface
area to Govt. without
acquisition of land single
acre land since land was
already allocated for
canal works.
 Hydro- Power generation in
Main canals (3): Narmada main
canal is on such a beautiful example
where sudden gradient changes
were mitigated by providing mini
hydro power generation systems. 3
falls of 10.9 m are encountered
between a stretches of 60kms.
Approximate 45 MW electricity is
planned to be generated from above
3 falls.

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 Promoting Pipe line Projects instead of open canals (11): Pipeline does not need land
acquisition & water can be transmitted to long distances without much water loss to the
atmosphere. SAUNI(4) Yojana scheme (Saurashtra Narmada Avtaran Irrigation Yojana) is one
such great example which plans to fill the reservoirs all around Saurashtra region with runoff
water during
monsoon
which can
facilitate
irrigation &
water supply
need during dry
seasons
 Use of new patented Technology in water treatment: Environmentally Friendly, High-
Volume, Chemical-Free Water Treatment & Recycling Technology (5). The patented Ecosphere
Ozonix® technology combines ozone, hydrodynamic cavitation, acoustic cavitation and
electro-chemical oxidation into one broad-spectrum water treatment technology to oxidize
and destroy organic matter, bacteria, biofilms, heavy metals, hydrocarbons and sulfides that
are typically found in industrial wastewaters. Ozonix® eliminates the need for conventional
liquid chemical biocides and scale-inhibitors that are typically required to control bacteria
growth and scale deposition in a wide variety of wastewater treatment and disinfection
applications.
Benefits are as followsChemical-Free: With Ozonix® there is no need for chemical
biocides. Bacteria tests and dynamic tube blocking tests have established that water
processed through Ozonix® shows complete destruction of bacteria cell walls and scale-
inhibition effects. High-Volume: A single Ozonix® system can process up to 3,300 gallons per
minute - treating water to a level that is suitable for re-use. Self-Contained: Ozonix® products are
mobile, self-contained and fully transportable - they go wherever you need them, require minimal
mobilization time and are self-sustaining. Highly-Effective: Ecosphere's patented Ozonix®
technology produces highly reactive bacteria killing hydroxyl radicals. Hydroxyl radicals are

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important to water disinfection because they have a high oxidation potential of 2.80V, which is
much higher than the most common disinfectants, Ozone (2.07 V) and Chlorine (1.36 V).
 Generating Biogas from STP & Waste disposal plant (6): DC Water is the first plant in North
America to adopt a Cambi thermal hydrolysis process that will enable them to create a
significant amount of biogas which, when fully operating, will generate one-third of the
plant’s energy requirement.
Challenges Ahead
The key challenges faced for the implementation of new technology are as follows:-
1. Cost of new Technology very high in many cases as compared to conventional ways
2. Lack of technological awareness.
3. Resistance to change the conventional ways
4. Patented technologies costs high
5. Legal proceedings for new methods costly
6. EIA compulsory for larger projects
7. Implementation time consuming
8. For developing countries, high cost product is not feasible.
9. High risk due to new technology, not completely proven in all aspects
10. Time constraints for adopting new methods may delay projects
Future prospects & sustainability
As the population data suggests, Demand supply gap is increasing day by day, hence even
though , implementation & practical feasibility of many new technologies may be challenging as
of now however It opens new doors of further improvement in existing technology & innovation
in new technologies in order to minimize the damage to our environment & further strive to
achieve nil environmental damage by using more sustainable & comprehensive ways for a
continual improvement of the processes involving various Environmental damage parameters.

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Conclusion – bottom line
It may be concluded that even though new technologies keeping in mind the
environmental concerns are highly risky & involved with a lot of cost & efforts, but from a broader
perspective, theseare necessary for the sustainable development of the human civilization which
if not realized today, may lead to damage the environment at a tremendous level & one day even
may lead to the extinction of our own species.
It is rightly anticipated by someone that “The wars of the twenty-first century will be fought over
water………… “

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1. Fig. 1 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population#/media/File:World-Population-
1800-2100.svg
2. Fig 2 - http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange2/current/lectures/freshwater
supply/freshwater.html
3. www.sardarsarovardam.org/document/saurasta-branch-canal.pdf
4. https://guj-nwrws.gujarat.gov.in/showpage.aspx?contentid=4720&lang=english
5. http://www.wateronline.com/doc/environmentally-friendly-treatment-technology-
license-patent-brokerage-0001
6. https://www.epa.gov/innovation/examples-innovation-water-sector
7. http://www.aether-cement.eu/reducing-the-carbon-footprint-of-cement.html ,
http://www.targetproducts.com/prod-detail.aspx?id=9994024
8. Image of solar panels on canals
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=solar+panel+on+canal&sa=X&biw=1366&bih=643&
tbm=isch&imgil=CeeEq5uTXcpKFM%253A%253Bj2gTfm_D8xkBzM%253Bhttp%25253A%
25252F%25252Fwww.thehindu.com%25252Fnews%25252Fnational%25252Fban-ki-
moon-commends-india-for-solar-
initiative%25252Farticle6777860.ece&source=iu&pf=m&fir=CeeEq5uTXcpKFM%253A%2
52Cj2gTfm_D8xkBzM%252C_&usg=__Pi0iZg-TYU9vEeaa-
5EN8Jm5TXw%3D&ved=0ahUKEwjS_Mi3_5PNAhXBWhQKHSjODxcQyjcIOQ&ei=M7xVV5
KXBMG1Uaicv7gB#imgrc=CeeEq5uTXcpKFM%3A
9. Image of solar panel on water treatentplant
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=solar+panel+mounted+on+sludge+shed&espv=2&b
iw=1366&bih=643&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_7eGo-
ZPNAhWKs48KHdQ_AsMQ_AUIBigB#tbm=isch&q=solar+panel+on+shed+of+water+treat
ment+plant&imgrc=6wYQ6Ogo5rj0fM%3A
10. Image of poer plant on canal -
http://publicpower.org/Media/magazine/ArticleDetail.cfm?ItemNumber=37673
11. https://www.google.co.in/search?q=sauni+yojana&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=643&source
=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYkuGPgpTNAhWMRI8KHRJjDycQ_AUIBygC#imgr
c=quYeApR1v0Ke0M%3A