The document discusses the structure and components of an argumentative essay. It explains that an argumentative essay requires agreeing or disagreeing with an issue using reasons to support an opinion. There are typically two common organizational patterns - the block pattern, which rebuts opposing arguments in blocks of text, and the point-by-point pattern, which alternates between stating an opposing argument and a rebuttal. Both patterns include an introduction with the issue and thesis statement, a body with rebuttals and supporting arguments, and a conclusion. The introduction paragraph should explain the issue and present the opposing viewpoint before stating the thesis.