This document describes four types of macrophytes that grow in aquatic environments: free-floating plants which float on the water surface and move with currents, floating leaf plants which are rooted but have leaves that float, emergent plants which are rooted in the bottom with stems and leaves emerging above water, and submerged plants which grow entirely underwater. Examples are provided for each type of macrophyte.

1. Types of Macrophytes
PRESENTED BY:
ANUSHA CHALISE

2. Free Floating
Free floating plants float freely on the water surface allowing
the entire plant body to be moved around by wind and water
current.
Some examples of free floating plants are duckweed, water
hyacinth and water cabbage.
Common name: Duckweed
Scientific name: Lemna sp.

3. Common name: Water cabbage
Scientific name: Pistia stratiotes
Common name: Water hyacinth
Scientific name: Pontederia crassipes

4. Floating Leaves
Such plants are anchored by the roots to the bottom of the
pond while their leaves and flowers grow to the surface and
float on the water surface.
Some examples are water lilies, lotus.
Common name: Water lily
Scientific name: Nymphaea sp.

5. Common name: Lotus
Scientific name: Nelumbonaceae sp.

6. Emergent plants
Emergent plants grow along the banks of rivers, ponds,
marshes and lakes. They are rooted at the bottom while the
stem, flowers and leaves are rising above the water. Such
plants rely on nutrients from the soil and carry out aerial
reproduction.
Some examples are arrowhead, cattail and bulrush.
Common name: Arrowhead
Scientific name: Sagittaria spp.

7. Common name: Bulrush
Scientific name: Scirpus sp.
Common name: Cattail
Scientific name: Typha sp.

8. Submerged Plants
These plants completely grow underwater. They have flaccid
stem and thin leaves that lack stomata.
Some examples are bladderwort, fanwort, and elodea.
Common name: Bladderwort
Scientific name: Utricularia sp.

9. Common name: Elodea
Scientific name: Elodea canadensis
Common name: Fanwort
Scientific name: Cabomba caroliniana

10. Marginal Plants
Marginal plants grow around the margins of the ponds and
lakes where the water is shallow throughout the year.
Marginal plants provide a good shelter to aquatic wildlife and
is considered a good place for egg-laying for aquatic animals.
Some examples are mangrove, flowering rush and marsh
marigold.
Common name: Mangrove
Scientific name: Rhizophora mangle

11. THANK
YOU