The document discusses the different types of aquatic macrophytes or plants: free floating plants which float on the water surface such as duckweed and water hyacinth; floating leaf plants which float on the surface with roots in the water such as azolla and water lettuce; emergent plants which are rooted in the bottom but have leaves and stems emerging from the water such as flowering rush and reed; submerged plants which are completely under water such as hydrilla and pondweed; and marginal plants which grow in shallow water around pond edges such as mangroves and cattails. Examples of plants in each category are provided along with their common and scientific names.

1. Aquatic
macrophytes
Presented by:
Saraswati Dhakal

2. Types of aquatic plants
 Free floating
 Floating leaves
 Emergent
 Submerged
 Marginal

3. Free Floating plants
Those plants which float freely on the water surface, allowing
the plant to be moved around pond by wind and water
current.
Examples: Duckweed, water hyacinth, etc.

4. Free-floating plants
Common name: Duckweed
Scientific name: Lemnoideae

5. Free-floating
–
– Common name: Water hyacinth
– Scientific name: Eichhornia crassipes

6. Floating leaves
A water plant which floats on the surface of a pond with its
roots trailing in the water is known as floating plants.
Examples: Azolla, Pistia, etc.

7. Floating leaves
Common name: Azolla
Scientific name: Azolla filiculoides

8. Floating leaves
– Common name: water lettuce
– Scientific name: Pistia stratiotes

9. Emergent plants
The plants which are rooted in the lake bottom, but their leaves
and stems extend out of water is called emergent plants.
Example: Flowering rush, reed, etc.

10. Emergent plants
Common name: Flowering rush
Scientific name: Botumus umbellatus

11. Emergent plants
Common name: reed
Scientific name: Phragmites australis

12. Sub-merged plants
The plants that are completely under the water and typically
have a root system in the bottom sediment is known as sub-
merged plants.
Example: Hydrilla, pondweed, etc.

13. Sub-merged plants
Common name: Hydrilla
Scientific name: Hydrilla verticillata

14. Sub-merged plants
Common name: Pondweed
Scientific name: Potamogeton

15. Marginal plants
Those plants which grow around the margins of the pond
where the water is shallow is known as marginal plants.
Example: Mangrove, cattails, etc.

16. Marginal plants
Common name: Mangrove
Scientific name: Rhizophora mucronata

17. Marginal plants
Common name: Cattails
Scientific name: Typha

18. Thank you!