Fundamentals of Aquarium Setting for Beginners. Historic
Social
Aesthetic and ornamental
Meditating
Commercial
Educational, Scientific and Research
Setting up of aquarium
Maintenance of aquarium
Accessories required
Decorative used
Types of fish
This document discusses ornamental fish and aquariums. It begins by defining ornamental fish as colorful, peaceful fish kept as pets. Reasons for keeping them include pleasure, relaxation, and hobby opportunities. The hobby originated in China with goldfish and spread to other countries. There are different types of aquariums including freshwater, marine, and mixed/coldwater. Factors like water chemistry, temperature requirements, habitat needs must be considered for fish compatibility. Proper planning is needed before setting up an aquarium to ensure species selection matches available space.
Setting an aquarium is an important steps to maintaining healthy ornamental fishes. It gives mind relaxation and peaceful. It is a hobby and reduces the stress also
Ornamental fish culture provides opportunities for entrepreneurship and income generation. It requires a minimum of 500 sq ft of land and access to fresh water and electricity. Selection of quality broodstock is important, as different species prefer different water parameters for breeding. Beginners should start with livebearers like guppies and later move to egg-layers, focusing on one species at a time. CIFA has developed technologies for breeding 16 indigenous ornamental fish species and commercializing an endangered species. It conducts national training programs and facilitates entrepreneurs with business plans and information on government subsidies.
History,scope and importance of aquacultureShivani Thorat
This document provides an overview of aquaculture, including its history, scope, importance, and practices in India. It discusses how aquaculture has been practiced for over 4000 years around the world. It notes that common aquaculture in India includes cultivating carp, catfish, ornamental fish in freshwater, and sea bass, grey mullet, tiger shrimp, and mud crab in brackish water. The document also outlines the criteria for selecting cultivable organisms, most common species, and the scope and benefits of aquaculture for national economy, employment, utilizing resources, and earning foreign exchange.
This document discusses various aquarium accessories and decorations. It begins by stating that accessories add to the habitat and appearance of an aquarium. It then lists and describes essential accessories like pumps, filters, aerators, plants, rocks, lights, and water additives. Decorations are intended to make the aquarium attractive. Proper accessories and decorations can make fish more comfortable and create an enjoyable environment. The document provides details on various accessory and decoration types.
Aquaculture refers to culturing aquatic animals like fish, shrimp, and shellfish. It began over 4000 years ago when Sumerians kept fish in ponds. Ancient Egyptians, Romans, Chinese, and Indians also engaged in early forms of fish culture. In modern times, aquaculture has expanded globally and plays an important role in food production, economic growth, and employment. A wide variety of fish, shellfish, algae and other aquatic species are now farmed using advanced techniques.
Ornamental fishes and maintainance of aquculture by irfan paswalSYED ASSIM HAQ
This document discusses ornamental fish keeping. It begins by introducing ornamental or aquarium fish and some of the benefits of keeping them, such as adding beauty and a sense of relaxation. It then covers the origins of the hobby, different types of ornamental fish categorized by their breeding methods, and statistics on the ornamental fish trade. The document also provides details on establishing and maintaining an aquarium, including tank size and setup, decorations, planting, filtration, selecting fish, and feeding. It emphasizes creating a natural simulated environment and water quality for the health of the fish.
Transport of hatchlings, fry, and fingerlings is common in aquaculture. Proper techniques involve understanding fish physiology and mortality causes during transport. Seed can be collected from wild or hatcheries. Major carps are collected from flooded rivers during monsoon season. Seed from estuaries and coastal waters include milkfish, mullets, pearlspot, and seabass. Bundhs are seasonal flooded areas that stimulate breeding. Induced spawning techniques breed species that don't spawn in captivity using hormones. Transport uses open or closed oxygenated systems. Factors causing mortality are oxygen depletion, waste accumulation, temperature fluctuations, and stress. Anaesthetics and antibiotics are used to reduce stress and prevent disease.
This document discusses ornamental fish and aquariums. It begins by defining ornamental fish as colorful, peaceful fish kept as pets. Reasons for keeping them include pleasure, relaxation, and hobby opportunities. The hobby originated in China with goldfish and spread to other countries. There are different types of aquariums including freshwater, marine, and mixed/coldwater. Factors like water chemistry, temperature requirements, habitat needs must be considered for fish compatibility. Proper planning is needed before setting up an aquarium to ensure species selection matches available space.
Setting an aquarium is an important steps to maintaining healthy ornamental fishes. It gives mind relaxation and peaceful. It is a hobby and reduces the stress also
Ornamental fish culture provides opportunities for entrepreneurship and income generation. It requires a minimum of 500 sq ft of land and access to fresh water and electricity. Selection of quality broodstock is important, as different species prefer different water parameters for breeding. Beginners should start with livebearers like guppies and later move to egg-layers, focusing on one species at a time. CIFA has developed technologies for breeding 16 indigenous ornamental fish species and commercializing an endangered species. It conducts national training programs and facilitates entrepreneurs with business plans and information on government subsidies.
History,scope and importance of aquacultureShivani Thorat
This document provides an overview of aquaculture, including its history, scope, importance, and practices in India. It discusses how aquaculture has been practiced for over 4000 years around the world. It notes that common aquaculture in India includes cultivating carp, catfish, ornamental fish in freshwater, and sea bass, grey mullet, tiger shrimp, and mud crab in brackish water. The document also outlines the criteria for selecting cultivable organisms, most common species, and the scope and benefits of aquaculture for national economy, employment, utilizing resources, and earning foreign exchange.
This document discusses various aquarium accessories and decorations. It begins by stating that accessories add to the habitat and appearance of an aquarium. It then lists and describes essential accessories like pumps, filters, aerators, plants, rocks, lights, and water additives. Decorations are intended to make the aquarium attractive. Proper accessories and decorations can make fish more comfortable and create an enjoyable environment. The document provides details on various accessory and decoration types.
Aquaculture refers to culturing aquatic animals like fish, shrimp, and shellfish. It began over 4000 years ago when Sumerians kept fish in ponds. Ancient Egyptians, Romans, Chinese, and Indians also engaged in early forms of fish culture. In modern times, aquaculture has expanded globally and plays an important role in food production, economic growth, and employment. A wide variety of fish, shellfish, algae and other aquatic species are now farmed using advanced techniques.
Ornamental fishes and maintainance of aquculture by irfan paswalSYED ASSIM HAQ
This document discusses ornamental fish keeping. It begins by introducing ornamental or aquarium fish and some of the benefits of keeping them, such as adding beauty and a sense of relaxation. It then covers the origins of the hobby, different types of ornamental fish categorized by their breeding methods, and statistics on the ornamental fish trade. The document also provides details on establishing and maintaining an aquarium, including tank size and setup, decorations, planting, filtration, selecting fish, and feeding. It emphasizes creating a natural simulated environment and water quality for the health of the fish.
Transport of hatchlings, fry, and fingerlings is common in aquaculture. Proper techniques involve understanding fish physiology and mortality causes during transport. Seed can be collected from wild or hatcheries. Major carps are collected from flooded rivers during monsoon season. Seed from estuaries and coastal waters include milkfish, mullets, pearlspot, and seabass. Bundhs are seasonal flooded areas that stimulate breeding. Induced spawning techniques breed species that don't spawn in captivity using hormones. Transport uses open or closed oxygenated systems. Factors causing mortality are oxygen depletion, waste accumulation, temperature fluctuations, and stress. Anaesthetics and antibiotics are used to reduce stress and prevent disease.
Fertilized fish eggs are known as Fish seeds. In simple words, they are the baby fishes used for seeding new Ponds in fisheries. Fish seed transportation is a process by which transfer of fish seed from the hatchery or place of collection to the rearing ponds.
This document discusses different types of cultivable fish species in India. It covers five types of fish culture: mono culture, poly culture, mono sex culture, cage culture, and integrated fish culture. Some important cultivable species in India include various types of major carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo calbasu, L. bata), exotic carps (Hypopthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio), catfish (Clarias batrachus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Wallago attu), and snakeheads (Channa spp
This document discusses coloration in fishes. It begins by introducing the sources of color - chromatophores and iridiophores. Chromatophores contain pigment cells called melanophores, erythrophores, xanthophores, and iridiophores which produce black/brown, red/orange, yellow, and white colors respectively. Fishes obtain varied color patterns through mixing of these pigments. Chromatophores can respond physiologically through pigment redistribution or morphologically by changing cell number or pigment amount. Coloration allows for camouflage through concealment, disguise, and advertisement behaviors which aid communication, survival, and reproduction.
Cage culture involves confining fish or shellfish within mesh enclosures in existing water bodies like ponds, rivers, and oceans. Some key advantages are the flexibility to use different water resources with minimal initial investment. However, there are also disadvantages like the need for complete diets, high risk of disease transmission due to crowding, potential for localized water quality issues, and limitations to production yields. Cage aquaculture has rapidly expanded in recent decades and continues to adapt to growing global demand through clustering cages and developing more intensive cage farming systems.
Freshwater, Brackish water and Marine fish culture of India by Dr. S. G. ChebbiSameer Chebbi
This document summarizes the history and current state of freshwater fish culture in India. It discusses how fish culture has ancient roots in India dating back thousands of years, but was traditionally small-scale. Technological advances like induced breeding in the 1950s revolutionized the industry. Carp culture is now a major economic activity, with scientific methods producing high yields. Different culture systems are used across regions depending on local conditions and resources. Freshwater fish culture continues to be an important and growing industry in India.
This document discusses the history and evolution of fish hatcheries from traditional to modern designs. It explains that traditional hatcheries used earthen pits or pots but these lacked temperature and pH control. More advanced designs in the 1970s-1980s used double cloth hatching systems or floating hapas to improve conditions. Modern hatcheries now have precise environmental control and include features like vertical jars, plastic buckets, or entire Chinese-style hatchery systems. The role of hatcheries is crucial to reliably produce high quality fish seeds for farming.
The document discusses aquatic plants that are suitable for aquariums. It begins by explaining the importance of plants in aquariums and the different types of aquatic plants including truly aquatic, semi-terrestrial, and marginal plants. Specific examples of truly aquatic plants are provided like Hygrophila polysperma and Vallisneria spiralis. The document also covers propagation methods for aquatic plants including asexual, sexual, and artificial propagation. It concludes by emphasizing the benefits of live plants in aquariums and their role in maintaining water quality.
An aquarium is a tank that houses aquatic plants and animals and provides their habitat needs. There are various types of aquariums including freshwater, saltwater, reef, and planted tanks. Freshwater aquariums can be tropical, housing warm water fish, or coldwater for goldfish. Community tanks house multiple peaceful fish species while aggressive fish require their own tank. Proper filtration, lighting, water quality maintenance is needed to care for the fish and plants.
Pearls are formed by pearl oysters in response to irritants in their mantle. In 1893, Mikimoto created the first cultured pearl by manually introducing an irritant into an oyster. The optimal conditions for pearl culture include water temperatures between 20-25°C, a salinity above 30 ppt, gravelly bottoms, and moderate water currents. Common pearl oyster species farmed include Pinctada maxima, P. margaritifera, and P. fucata. Major pearl producing countries are Japan, China, Vietnam, Australia, and Indonesia. The global cultured pearl trade is worth over $3 billion annually, with China as the largest freshwater pearl producer
This document discusses sewage-fed fish culture, which involves using treated sewage water to culture fish. It provides background on the history and present status of sewage-fed fish culture. The key processes involved are primary and secondary sewage treatment through sedimentation, dilution, and storage before releasing into fish ponds. Farmers culture various fish species using techniques like pond preparation, primary fertilization through sewage, stocking, feeding, and harvesting fish for market. While sewage-fed culture benefits waste recycling and low input costs, it can also pose health risks if not properly managed.
The document provides an overview of the global and national scenario of the ornamental fisheries trade and its future scope. Some key points:
- Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines are among the top exporting countries, while the USA, UK, Germany, Japan, and the Netherlands are the largest importers.
- India has over 100 indigenous freshwater ornamental fish species and potential marine species, but its share of the global ornamental fish trade is only 0.008%. There is room to increase domestic breeding and exports.
- The ornamental fish trade provides opportunities for small entrepreneurs and employment. Increased research, production facilities, and public-private partnerships could help make the industry more
Freshwater prawn farming has emerged as an industry since the 1960s. Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a commonly farmed freshwater prawn species that is well-suited for intensive aquaculture. The lifecycle includes eggs, larval stages, postlarvae, and adults. Prawns are generally cultured in earthen ponds and fed a balanced diet. Hatcheries produce postlarvae that are stocked into grow-out ponds for harvesting after 3-6 months of cultivation. Freshwater prawn farming provides income opportunities for small farmers and has been expanding rapidly in many countries.
Aquarium fish and Marine aquarium fish and Marine ornamental organisms Sameer Chebbi
This document provides information on various freshwater aquarium fish species. It discusses their natural habitats, tank requirements, feeding, breeding behaviors, and other care details. Key fish mentioned include Cardinal Tetras, Black Widow Tetras, Neon Tetras, Hockey Stick Tetras, Piranhas, Rosy Barbs, Tiger Barbs, Zebra Danios, Goldfish, Koi Carp, Ghost Glass Cats, and Oscar Cichlids. The document is authored by Sameer G. Chebbi Ph.D from the Department of Zoology at Karnatak Science College, Dharwad.
Breeding aquarium fish requires careful attention to environmental factors and breeding techniques that differ between egg-laying and live-bearing species. The document outlines the steps for breeding which include setting up tanks with appropriate water parameters, selecting healthy spawning pairs, conditioning the fish, inducing spawning, and rearing the eggs or live fry. Egg-laying fish are further classified based on their breeding behaviors such as scattering eggs randomly, depositing eggs on surfaces, or carrying eggs in the mouth, each requiring different tank setups and techniques to maximize survival of offspring.
Alimentary canal and feeding adaptations in fishes by nusritSYED ASSIM HAQ
The document discusses the alimentary canal and feeding adaptations in fishes, describing the different regions and structures of the canal from mouth to rectum and how they vary based on a fish's feeding habits, such as differences in teeth, gill rakers, stomach, and intestinal length between carnivorous, herbivorous, and omnivorous fish. It also covers the digestive glands and enzymes involved in digestion as well as various adaptations that have evolved in fishes' structures to suit their natural diets.
The document provides an overview of preparing and maintaining an aquarium. It discusses selecting an appropriate sized aquarium tank, setting it up with the proper equipment like filters, heaters and lights. It also covers adding aquarium plants and fish species that are compatible. Regular maintenance is important to monitor water quality parameters like temperature, pH and oxygen levels. Accessories help filter and aerate the water to keep fish healthy.
This document discusses fertilization of fish ponds. It explains that fertilization increases essential nutrients which leads to increased productivity. It causes algal blooms that provide shade and prevent weed growth. Fertilizers are substances that increase natural food for fish. Organic fertilizers are cheaper and provide nutrients slowly while inorganics are more concentrated but must be carefully applied. The primary purpose of fertilization is to boost nutrients and productivity in fish ponds, but over-fertilization can deplete oxygen and harm fish. Proper scheduled application of fertilizers is important.
cryopreservation of fish gametes NBFGR gene bankAshish sahu
Cryopreservation of reproductive products of many aquatic species has been successfully achieved. ... Cryopreservation technology applied to the preservation of fish gametes in aquaculture plays an important role in seed production, genetic management of broodstock and conservation of aquatic resources
This document discusses cold water fisheries in India. It describes the temperature range for cold water fisheries (5-25°C) and notes that states like Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand are well-suited for cold water fisheries. It identifies important cold water fish species in India like various types of mahseer and trout. Mahseer can grow up to 1.5 meters long and breed from July to September. Trout generally feed on other fish and aquatic invertebrates. Cold water fisheries provide income, employment, and food for local populations and have significant potential to contribute to India's fisheries sector and economy.
This document provides information about the edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis. It discusses the taxonomy, distribution, biology and lifecycle of C. madrasensis. It also describes the nutritive value of oysters and methods for oyster culture, including site selection criteria, spat collection, seed production through hatcheries, and grow-out techniques like on-bottom and off-bottom culture methods. The document aims to provide details about C. madrasensis to support its cultivation along the Indian coasts.
Descriptive text kelas 7 semester 1.pptxTrinneAnggita
The document provides information about descriptive text, including its purpose, common objects described, generic structure, and language features. Descriptive text is used to describe places, things, people, or animals. It typically includes an introduction of the object, specific descriptions of characteristics and features using adjectives and simple present tense verbs. Examples are given of descriptive texts about a hamster and a picture. Useful expressions for describing pictures are also listed.
Fertilized fish eggs are known as Fish seeds. In simple words, they are the baby fishes used for seeding new Ponds in fisheries. Fish seed transportation is a process by which transfer of fish seed from the hatchery or place of collection to the rearing ponds.
This document discusses different types of cultivable fish species in India. It covers five types of fish culture: mono culture, poly culture, mono sex culture, cage culture, and integrated fish culture. Some important cultivable species in India include various types of major carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo calbasu, L. bata), exotic carps (Hypopthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio), catfish (Clarias batrachus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Wallago attu), and snakeheads (Channa spp
This document discusses coloration in fishes. It begins by introducing the sources of color - chromatophores and iridiophores. Chromatophores contain pigment cells called melanophores, erythrophores, xanthophores, and iridiophores which produce black/brown, red/orange, yellow, and white colors respectively. Fishes obtain varied color patterns through mixing of these pigments. Chromatophores can respond physiologically through pigment redistribution or morphologically by changing cell number or pigment amount. Coloration allows for camouflage through concealment, disguise, and advertisement behaviors which aid communication, survival, and reproduction.
Cage culture involves confining fish or shellfish within mesh enclosures in existing water bodies like ponds, rivers, and oceans. Some key advantages are the flexibility to use different water resources with minimal initial investment. However, there are also disadvantages like the need for complete diets, high risk of disease transmission due to crowding, potential for localized water quality issues, and limitations to production yields. Cage aquaculture has rapidly expanded in recent decades and continues to adapt to growing global demand through clustering cages and developing more intensive cage farming systems.
Freshwater, Brackish water and Marine fish culture of India by Dr. S. G. ChebbiSameer Chebbi
This document summarizes the history and current state of freshwater fish culture in India. It discusses how fish culture has ancient roots in India dating back thousands of years, but was traditionally small-scale. Technological advances like induced breeding in the 1950s revolutionized the industry. Carp culture is now a major economic activity, with scientific methods producing high yields. Different culture systems are used across regions depending on local conditions and resources. Freshwater fish culture continues to be an important and growing industry in India.
This document discusses the history and evolution of fish hatcheries from traditional to modern designs. It explains that traditional hatcheries used earthen pits or pots but these lacked temperature and pH control. More advanced designs in the 1970s-1980s used double cloth hatching systems or floating hapas to improve conditions. Modern hatcheries now have precise environmental control and include features like vertical jars, plastic buckets, or entire Chinese-style hatchery systems. The role of hatcheries is crucial to reliably produce high quality fish seeds for farming.
The document discusses aquatic plants that are suitable for aquariums. It begins by explaining the importance of plants in aquariums and the different types of aquatic plants including truly aquatic, semi-terrestrial, and marginal plants. Specific examples of truly aquatic plants are provided like Hygrophila polysperma and Vallisneria spiralis. The document also covers propagation methods for aquatic plants including asexual, sexual, and artificial propagation. It concludes by emphasizing the benefits of live plants in aquariums and their role in maintaining water quality.
An aquarium is a tank that houses aquatic plants and animals and provides their habitat needs. There are various types of aquariums including freshwater, saltwater, reef, and planted tanks. Freshwater aquariums can be tropical, housing warm water fish, or coldwater for goldfish. Community tanks house multiple peaceful fish species while aggressive fish require their own tank. Proper filtration, lighting, water quality maintenance is needed to care for the fish and plants.
Pearls are formed by pearl oysters in response to irritants in their mantle. In 1893, Mikimoto created the first cultured pearl by manually introducing an irritant into an oyster. The optimal conditions for pearl culture include water temperatures between 20-25°C, a salinity above 30 ppt, gravelly bottoms, and moderate water currents. Common pearl oyster species farmed include Pinctada maxima, P. margaritifera, and P. fucata. Major pearl producing countries are Japan, China, Vietnam, Australia, and Indonesia. The global cultured pearl trade is worth over $3 billion annually, with China as the largest freshwater pearl producer
This document discusses sewage-fed fish culture, which involves using treated sewage water to culture fish. It provides background on the history and present status of sewage-fed fish culture. The key processes involved are primary and secondary sewage treatment through sedimentation, dilution, and storage before releasing into fish ponds. Farmers culture various fish species using techniques like pond preparation, primary fertilization through sewage, stocking, feeding, and harvesting fish for market. While sewage-fed culture benefits waste recycling and low input costs, it can also pose health risks if not properly managed.
The document provides an overview of the global and national scenario of the ornamental fisheries trade and its future scope. Some key points:
- Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines are among the top exporting countries, while the USA, UK, Germany, Japan, and the Netherlands are the largest importers.
- India has over 100 indigenous freshwater ornamental fish species and potential marine species, but its share of the global ornamental fish trade is only 0.008%. There is room to increase domestic breeding and exports.
- The ornamental fish trade provides opportunities for small entrepreneurs and employment. Increased research, production facilities, and public-private partnerships could help make the industry more
Freshwater prawn farming has emerged as an industry since the 1960s. Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a commonly farmed freshwater prawn species that is well-suited for intensive aquaculture. The lifecycle includes eggs, larval stages, postlarvae, and adults. Prawns are generally cultured in earthen ponds and fed a balanced diet. Hatcheries produce postlarvae that are stocked into grow-out ponds for harvesting after 3-6 months of cultivation. Freshwater prawn farming provides income opportunities for small farmers and has been expanding rapidly in many countries.
Aquarium fish and Marine aquarium fish and Marine ornamental organisms Sameer Chebbi
This document provides information on various freshwater aquarium fish species. It discusses their natural habitats, tank requirements, feeding, breeding behaviors, and other care details. Key fish mentioned include Cardinal Tetras, Black Widow Tetras, Neon Tetras, Hockey Stick Tetras, Piranhas, Rosy Barbs, Tiger Barbs, Zebra Danios, Goldfish, Koi Carp, Ghost Glass Cats, and Oscar Cichlids. The document is authored by Sameer G. Chebbi Ph.D from the Department of Zoology at Karnatak Science College, Dharwad.
Breeding aquarium fish requires careful attention to environmental factors and breeding techniques that differ between egg-laying and live-bearing species. The document outlines the steps for breeding which include setting up tanks with appropriate water parameters, selecting healthy spawning pairs, conditioning the fish, inducing spawning, and rearing the eggs or live fry. Egg-laying fish are further classified based on their breeding behaviors such as scattering eggs randomly, depositing eggs on surfaces, or carrying eggs in the mouth, each requiring different tank setups and techniques to maximize survival of offspring.
Alimentary canal and feeding adaptations in fishes by nusritSYED ASSIM HAQ
The document discusses the alimentary canal and feeding adaptations in fishes, describing the different regions and structures of the canal from mouth to rectum and how they vary based on a fish's feeding habits, such as differences in teeth, gill rakers, stomach, and intestinal length between carnivorous, herbivorous, and omnivorous fish. It also covers the digestive glands and enzymes involved in digestion as well as various adaptations that have evolved in fishes' structures to suit their natural diets.
The document provides an overview of preparing and maintaining an aquarium. It discusses selecting an appropriate sized aquarium tank, setting it up with the proper equipment like filters, heaters and lights. It also covers adding aquarium plants and fish species that are compatible. Regular maintenance is important to monitor water quality parameters like temperature, pH and oxygen levels. Accessories help filter and aerate the water to keep fish healthy.
This document discusses fertilization of fish ponds. It explains that fertilization increases essential nutrients which leads to increased productivity. It causes algal blooms that provide shade and prevent weed growth. Fertilizers are substances that increase natural food for fish. Organic fertilizers are cheaper and provide nutrients slowly while inorganics are more concentrated but must be carefully applied. The primary purpose of fertilization is to boost nutrients and productivity in fish ponds, but over-fertilization can deplete oxygen and harm fish. Proper scheduled application of fertilizers is important.
cryopreservation of fish gametes NBFGR gene bankAshish sahu
Cryopreservation of reproductive products of many aquatic species has been successfully achieved. ... Cryopreservation technology applied to the preservation of fish gametes in aquaculture plays an important role in seed production, genetic management of broodstock and conservation of aquatic resources
This document discusses cold water fisheries in India. It describes the temperature range for cold water fisheries (5-25°C) and notes that states like Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand are well-suited for cold water fisheries. It identifies important cold water fish species in India like various types of mahseer and trout. Mahseer can grow up to 1.5 meters long and breed from July to September. Trout generally feed on other fish and aquatic invertebrates. Cold water fisheries provide income, employment, and food for local populations and have significant potential to contribute to India's fisheries sector and economy.
This document provides information about the edible oyster Crassostrea madrasensis. It discusses the taxonomy, distribution, biology and lifecycle of C. madrasensis. It also describes the nutritive value of oysters and methods for oyster culture, including site selection criteria, spat collection, seed production through hatcheries, and grow-out techniques like on-bottom and off-bottom culture methods. The document aims to provide details about C. madrasensis to support its cultivation along the Indian coasts.
Descriptive text kelas 7 semester 1.pptxTrinneAnggita
The document provides information about descriptive text, including its purpose, common objects described, generic structure, and language features. Descriptive text is used to describe places, things, people, or animals. It typically includes an introduction of the object, specific descriptions of characteristics and features using adjectives and simple present tense verbs. Examples are given of descriptive texts about a hamster and a picture. Useful expressions for describing pictures are also listed.
water garden is highly manipulated in the Horticulture techniques.
the history took more kings and mahals make with a large or small lakes , streams, rivers, fountains in the capable places they are kept it.
how ever they are highly important to maintain the water gardens.
later on they may be well exposure to all over the world, because everybody interesting in the water gardens. it seems highly attractive and keep some good vibes freshly.
how ever the cost capable gardening is creating with our won interests or some special horticulturalist suggestions they want to keep it.
This document provides guidance on setting up a saltwater aquarium, including:
1) Easy to keep fish for beginners include damselfish, gobies, cardinalfish, and clownfish. Suitable corals are leather corals, mushroom anemones, colonial anemones, and cleaner shrimp.
2) The aquarium should be at least 100 liters to maintain water quality. Combining fluorescent and metal halide lighting provides optimal conditions for corals and invertebrates.
3) Coarse coral sand makes an ideal substrate, providing bacteria habitat and stabilizing pH.
The document discusses the "Dutch style" aquarium, which focuses on dense planting and creating an underwater garden-like appearance. Key aspects of the Dutch style include having more than 70% of the aquarium floor planted, with three distinct depth areas filled with schooling fish. Judging of Dutch style aquariums considers biological, aesthetic, and general criteria. Extensive knowledge of aquatic plants is important since they are the primary material used to densely plant and artistically arrange in the aquarium landscape.
1. The document discusses different types of live corners that can be set up in schools, including aquariums, terrariums, and vivaria. Aquariums house fish and create ecosystems, terrariums are sealed containers for plants and small creatures on land, and vivaria simulate specific habitats.
2. Live corners are important for students to develop skills in observation, appreciation of nature, and understanding of concepts like ecosystems and interdependence. Setting up different types of live corners exposes children to hands-on learning opportunities.
3. In conclusion, the document emphasizes that live corners are essential for every school to improve students' thinking and observation abilities.
This document provides information about the history and anatomy of fish. It discusses:
- The earliest fish, ostracoderms, from 425 million years ago that lacked jaws.
- Two groups of jawed fish that evolved around 395 million years ago: placoderms with fused upper jaws and acanthodians with bony spines.
- The general characteristics of modern fish, including being cold-blooded, breathing with gills, and moving with fins to maintain salt and water levels.
- The external anatomy of fish including fins, scales, eyes, mouth and lateral line sensory system.
- The internal organs of fish such as gills, heart, liver, kidneys and swim bladder that aid
This document provides an overview for setting up an aquarium, including considerations for aquarium size and type, filtration, temperature control, lighting, aquatic environment creation, decor, and water quality. It discusses factors like dimensions, weight limits, and materials for the aquarium itself. It also outlines types of heaters, lighting requirements, substrate and decor options, and the importance of regular water testing for aquarium health. The goal is to create a balanced aquatic environment that supports fish and plant life.
This document provides information about ornamental fish culture and the ornamental fish industry. It discusses how ornamental fish keeping began as a hobby and has grown into a large international business. Key points include:
- Ornamental fish production is an important part of the aquaculture industry and global ornamental fish trade is estimated at over $14 billion.
- Over 1,800 species of ornamental fish are in the market, with over 1,000 from freshwater origins. Major suppliers include Singapore, Thailand, and Hong Kong.
- India's ornamental fish industry is small at 1% of global trade but is growing at 14% annually. Tamilnadu, Kerala and West Bengal are major producers.
This document provides information on aquarium fishes and their maintenance. It discusses the basic components of setting up an aquarium, including obtaining a tank, filter, heater/chiller, and lighting. It also covers the two main types of aquariums - saltwater/marine and freshwater. Saltwater aquariums require more equipment and monitoring due to factors like water salinity and temperature. Freshwater aquariums are generally easier to maintain. Proper care includes monitoring water parameters, feeding a balanced diet, and emulating the natural environment of the fish. Aquariums can provide benefits like stress reduction and lower blood pressure.
This document provides information about aquariums, including their purpose, types, history, fabrication, accessories, setting up, and maintenance. It discusses the different components of an aquarium like the tank, substrate, filters, lighting, and decorations. It also covers selecting and caring for fish, including feeding, common diseases, and water quality parameters. The overall document serves as a guide for setting up, stocking, and properly caring for a home aquarium.
The ornamental fish industry(iranocichla persa vs iranocichla hormuzensis)sajjadmahmody
The document discusses the ornamental fish industry, including the history of aquariums and keeping fish as pets. It describes different types of aquariums (freshwater vs. saltwater), the nitrogen cycle that occurs in aquariums, necessary equipment, and sources of aquarium fish. It also provides details on culturing ornamental fish at small farms, including feeding practices, water quality management, health issues, and economics.
This document provides an overview of aquaponics, which is a sustainable food production system that integrates aquaculture (raising fish) and hydroponics (growing plants without soil). In aquaponics, the waste produced by fish provides nutrients for plants to grow. The bacteria in biofilters convert the fish waste into plant-available nutrients, and the plants help filter the water for the fish. Aquaponics uses less water than traditional agriculture and fish or plant production alone. It allows for local food production with minimal environmental impact.
This document provides an overview of key factors for maintaining freshwater aquariums, including:
1) Temperature, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels are important water parameters that must be regulated to support aquatic life. Stirring the water enhances oxygenation.
2) pH measures acidity and alkalinity, with most freshwater fish thriving between 6-8. Biological activity from fish, plants, and bacteria can cause the pH to fluctuate.
3) Proper balancing of oxygen, carbon dioxide, plants, and fish is needed to maintain equilibrium in the closed aquarium system. Adjustments may be required to suit different fish species.
The document discusses key question types for analyzing informational text, including:
1) The main idea and supporting details like examples, descriptions, comparisons, and statistics.
2) Organization principles and pronoun referents.
3) Vocabulary used in unfamiliar ways.
It provides examples of generic questions to ask for each type of informational text ingredient.
This document outlines the recommended routine maintenance for an aquarium, including daily, weekly, and monthly tasks. Daily tasks include ensuring equipment is working properly, observing fish behavior, checking water temperature and levels. Weekly tasks involve counting fish, cleaning the tank substrate and walls, performing a partial water change, and testing water quality. Monthly maintenance includes replacing filter materials, inspecting equipment, and cleaning the aquarium top. Proper maintenance is important for monitoring tank conditions and keeping fish healthy.
This patent application is for a herbal topical composition to treat acne vulgaris. It contains an effective combination of chitosan nanoparticles and an alcoholic extract of Tinospora cordifolia. A skin cream is prepared from this combination along with pharmaceutical excipients. Testing showed this composition effectively inhibits Propionibacterium acnes in amounts needed to treat acne. The ratios of chitosan nanoparticles and Tinospora cordifolia extract providing this inhibition were determined.
This patent application publication describes an eco-friendly and economical method for large-scale manufacturing of iron and iron oxide nanoparticles using an extract of lac. The application was filed on February 6, 2017 by 12 inventors including Mr. Nitin Prakash Koche, Dr. Kantilal Hiralal Nagare, and Dr. Dinesh Daujirao Wanule. The application contains 9 pages, 6 claims, and describes using an extract of lac to manufacture iron and iron oxide nanoparticles on a large scale in an eco-friendly and economical manner.
Relationship of qualitative and quantitative fisheries diversity with the environmental variables was studied for the period of two years along the three zones, viz. upper, middle and lower, of the Ulhas River estuary. Total ten hydro-sedimentological parameters were analyzed on monthly basis from each zone to depict ambient pollution level. Zones with comparatively higher pollution level deterred fisheries landings. The principal coordination analysis (PCO) ordination and zonewise K-dominance curves revealed the direct correlation of fish diversity with the existent spatial environmental conditions of the Ulhas River estuary.
Keywords: hydrological conditions, parameters, water pollution, Ulhas River, estuary, fisheries, diversity, landings, water color, phosphates, nitrates, DO, BOD, organic carbon, silt, principal coordination analysis.
NTCA (National Tiger Conservation Authority) was founded by former Prime minister Indira Gandhi to save tiger. This body promotes the conservation on the basis of Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972.
Project tiger was launched in 1973. Initially 9 suitable habitats were selected later it increased to 47.
Objective was to conserve forest and biodiversity, through intensified protection; conservational development and strengthening research activities
India has diverse biomes like tropical rain forest (jungles), alpine forest, desert, marsh land, islands, deltas, savannas, scrub lands etc.
Wildlife of India has been gifted by very diverse flora and fauna.
It is our prime duty to conserve and sustain it for forthcoming generations.
World is loosing one species everyday.
Science means ‘to know’.
To gain knowledge through the mode of thinking and experimenting with reasoning.
Ideas are tested and hypotheses are set and finally the concept is accepted or rejected.
Person involved in these activities is known as ‘scientist’.
Chordata is an assemblage of heterogeneous animals which differ widely in their characteristics but have a few common features like they have notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits and post-anal tail. The notochord is a cartilaginous skeletal rod present at some stage in their life cycle. Nerve cord is mid-dorsally placed and is hollow containing axial nerve canal. Pharynx is perforated containing several gill slits primarily were used for filter feeding but later evolved as respiratory in function in aquatic forms.However, in terrestrial forms they disappear in adults but are occurred in embryonic stages. The body extends beyond anal terminal to give rise to a balancing or important part in locomotion called as tail.
A hull is the watertight body of a ship or boat. Above the hull is the superstructure and/or deckhouse, where present. The line where the hull meets the water surface is called the waterline.
The gunwale is a nautical term describing the top edge of the side of a boat.
The bow is a nautical term for the forward part of the hull of a ship or boat, the point that is most forward when the vessel is underway.
The opposite to the bow of boat is called the stern.
A deck is a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull, which forms the 'roof' for the hull, which both strengthens the hull and serves as the primary working surface.
The mast of a sailing vessel is a tall, vertical or near vertical spar, or arrangement of spars, which supports the sails.
Organisms in the water, especially saltwater, attach to slick surfaces like a boat's hull. It doesn't take long for a boat hull to become slimy with algae. Algae pave the way for adherence of other organisms. The general term for organism on a boat hull is fouling. Fouling makes boats drag, use more fuel and harder to maneuver. Invasive organisms spread by hitching a ride on the underside of a boat. Common marine foulers include barnacles, algae, shellfish, tunicates, ship-
worms, gribbles etc.
Wood borers are highly specialised animals which penetrate wooden structures such as boats, wharves, jetties, driftwood and even living mangrove trees. Many can digest the wood owing to cellulose-digesting bacteria or protozoa living in their guts. Only a few species can actually produce their own cellulose-digesting enzymes (cellulases).Wood borers are insects that chew their way into the solid trunk of a living tree or into a wooden structure, such as an old boat or house. Healthy trees are rarely attacked by wood borers, but a diseased or dying specimen can often host these kinds of invaders. The same goes for old houses and boats, where rain-soaked or rotten wood is more susceptible to invasion.
Temperature, light, Oxygen, salinity, pH are important marine factors which impact the major life and physical properties of the oceans. These factors make the marine environment a dynamic entity and otherwise impacting on the terrestrial ecosystems too.
Gill net
Trawl
Purse seine net
Hooks and lines
TED (turtle exclusion devices)
Non-conventional fishing methods:
light fishing; hose pipe fishing; electric fishing.
Pelagic (surface/open ocean) gillnets are systems of netting with highly specific mesh sizes. Gillnets as long as 2.5km, are placed vertically in the water column with the use of buoys and weights. These nets may be anchored or allowed to drift with prevailing currents, intercepting migrating sharks and fishes such as tuna and mackeral. Large fish become entangled or gilled in the net (commonly around the gills), whilst smaller fish are able to pass through the designated mesh size.
This article includes Basics classification like binomial nomenclature, Taxa hierarchic, Five kingdoms of Robert H. Whittaker, Levels of Organization, and Classificationa and features of Protozoa, Porifera and Coelenterata
Temperature as ecological factor its impact on animal life.
Animals can tolerate temp. from -10 to 50 ⁰C
Praying mantis can survive at 62 ⁰C whereas certain bacteria can live at 90 ⁰C.
Animals tolerating diff. range of temperature.
Stenothermal and eurythermal organisms.
Enzymatic activity are controlled by certain temp ranges. E.g. Human 30 to 40 ⁰C.
Reproduction is controlled by temperature
Activities are controlled by temp. hibernation, aestivation and migration.
Morning lower temp. make animals sluggish.
Animals are distributed according to temp. tolerance in terrestrial and aquatic body (thermocline).
Visible light – Photosynthesis
Infra red light – Warmth of earth at high altitudes
Ultraviolet light – Ionosphere (Ozone layer)
Light reaching earth depends on angle of incidence, altitude, latitude, season, clouds, fog, suspended particles, dust, water drops, smog (pollution) and time of day.
Ethology is the scientific and objective study of animal behaviour, usually with a focus on behaviour under natural conditions, and viewing behaviour as an evolutionarily adaptive trait. Ethology is a branch of zoology concerned with the study of animal behavior. Ethologists take a comparative approach, studying behaviors ranging from kinship, cooperation, and parental investment, to conflict, sexual selection, and aggression across a variety of species.
Conservation involves maintenance of the natural environment of man including the infinite resources of air, water, soil and life forms. Conversation also involves the collective responsibility of governments, private organizations, industries and individuals and the setting aside of funds, finances for ecological research and execution of conservation projects.
Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Val., 1837) is a mudskipper species inhabiting, in abundance on the intertidal
mudflats occurred on either banks of Ulhas River estuary. The present study scan and focal sampling method
implied to record the lagged immergence of B. dussumieri on the surface during ebb-tide. The study revealed
direct correlation with the declining water level and rate of exposure of the mudflat during the ebb-tide
occurred at Kolshet creek along the west bank of the Ulhas River estuary. PCO obtained with Euclidean
distance matrix represented 100% ordination of the samples depicting that the level of water defined the rate of
surficial emergence of individuals.
Ulhas River Estuary (URE) sediment is highly silted. Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Val., 1837) is a mudskipper
species of a common occurrence on the intertidal mudflats developed on either banks of URE. The present study
recorded the various activities like burrow construction, feeding, territoriality and courtship, of B. dussumieri
using scan and focal sampling method on the surface during tidal movements on the exposed mudflats of URE
near Kolshet creek. Although the breeding and territoriality of B. dussumieri being normal, the other
behavioral activities such as courtship, construction of burrows and survivorship were different as compared to
the earlier observations by various experts. Breeding pairs preferred to develop burrows at spring tide limits.
Burrows lacked chimneys and pit-pools. Juveniles remained without burrows and were found to secure position
by penetration in loose soil during flood tide. Feeding on muddy surface was performed by strange straining
behaviour.
More from Dr. Sudesh D. Rathod, B N Bandodkar College of Science (20)
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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3. Historic
Social
Aesthetic and ornamental
Meditating
Commercial
Educational, Scientific and Research
4. Small marble aquaria were
maintain by Romans around 50
AD.
In 1369, theChinese emporer
‘Hongwu’ invented porcelain bowl.
In 1853, the aquarium craze was
launched in England by Philip
Henry Gosse who created and
stocked the first
public aquarium in the London
Zoo which came to be known as
the Fish House.
Some tropical fishes being more
colourful were imported from Asia
in 1869 and became an popular
e.g. ‘Koi’ fish.
5. Change public attitude towards
the fish in favour of their
conservation
‘Koi’ fish is thought to be lucky
in Japan and China. Koi simply
means carp but its homonym is
love or affection. and koi are
therefore symbols of love and
friendship in Japan.
Since the fish keeping is difficult
and costly affair it becomes
status symbol.
6. Attraction towards the beauty and mystery of
underwater world.
Fishes with various colours, size and shapes
amaze us.
Also the behaviour and movements of fish
are attractive.
Help in decorating private and public places.
7. There are several beliefs that the health and
emotional benefits are rendered from having an
aquarium.
Watching an aquarium for a considerable time
reduces stress, anxiety, blood pressure and
emotional agitation.
Use of aquarium is common in psychotherapy
It has been discovered that watching an aquarium
can help the patient to heal faster.
8. Good prospects for the business: production
of tanks, accessories etc.
Demanded world wide for aquarium experts,
ornamental fish
Eco-tourism…… public aquaria can fetch
lucrative profits to nation.
Also imperative for educational and research
needs.
9.
10. Study of fish behaviour.
Types of fish species (taxonomy) and their
habit and habitat.
Biology, anatomy, fecundity, migration,
breeding, histology, biometry etc.
Bio-assay, DNA bar-coding, genetics,
hydrodynamics, fishery science etc.
11. Indoor aquarium
Outdoor aquarium
Private aquarium
Public aquarium
Community aquarium
Species aquarium
Rocky aquarium
Breeding aquarium
Hospital aquarium
12. Simple and small personal
Larger and display
19. Biological filter is essential for small aquaria
to maintain microecosystem.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29. Do not use soap…clean tank with plain
water.
Use common salt to rinse the tank and
accessories to disinfect.
Eventually use de-chlorinated water to rinse
everything.
Also wash plants with de-chlorinated water
30.
31. Water is kept in a bucket for 48 hrs
and intermittently stirred to release
chlorine.
De-chlorinator or water conditioner be
used to de-chlorinate water before
use.
Fill tank to ¼th limit.
Fix the plants, accessories and
decoratives.
Fill water to ¾ limit and leave it for a
fortnight
32. Keep the fish bag in tank for
½ an hr.
Open the bag inside water
Mix some water from the
tank into the bag and hold
for few minutes
Release the fish slowly into
the tank
33.
34.
35. Length of tank x 32 = Duration of time
Wattage of tungsten light
Or
Length of tank x 3.2 = Duration of time
Wattage of LED light
Or
Observe the algal growth on the glass or in the
water