The document outlines several approaches to studying public administration, including the normative approach which focuses on what administration should be, the empirical approach which analyzes actual administrative situations, and the philosophical, legal, historical, case method, institutional/structural, and behavioural approaches. The legal approach uses laws framed by society in countries like France, Germany, and Belgium. The case method reconstructs administrative realities through narratives of real events.

1. Bhargav Dangar
Political Science - V
Roll No. 18

2.  There are several approaches to the study of public
administration.
 It has been approached from different angles such as,
(1) Normative approach : Concentrate on what public
administration should be.
(2) Empirical approach : set its eyes on descriptions and
analysis of actual administrative situations.

3. Philosophical
approach
Legal approach
Historical
approach
The Case Method
approach
Institutional &
Structural
approach
Behavioural
Approach

4.  This approach is considered as the oldest systematically formulated
approach.
 Law is not frame by the only people but law is framed by the
society.
 The legal method is mostly used in France, Germany, & Belgium.
 This approach was formed at a time when the functions of the state
were narrowly limited & simple in nature.

5.  This approach began to be popularized in the thirties.
 A case in a narration of what has actually taken place in
administration.
 This approach reconstruct the administrative realities, & give us a
flavour of the administrative process.
 Dwight Waldo says, “The case approach has been motivated by a
commitment to the objectives & methods of the social sciences.