The document discusses different approaches in social sciences, including institutionalism. It describes institutionalism as a subject matter, method, and theory. As a subject matter, it focuses on the study of political institutions. As a method, it is descriptive, inductive, formal-legal, and comparative in examining institutions historically. As a theory, it makes claims about the causes and consequences of institutions and supports democratic values.

1. Dominant Approaches in Social Sciences
Structural Functionalism
Marxism
Institutionalism
Rational Choice Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
The Human – Environment System
Psychoanalysis
The Hermeneutical Phenomenology
The Feminist Theory

2. Institutionalism

3. Institutionalism
The institutional approach can be understand as a subject
matter, as a method and as a theory.
subject
As a subject matter, the study of political institutions is central to identity
of the discipline of political
science.
“If there is any subject at all that
political scientists can claim
exclusively for their own, a subject
mater that does not require
acquisition of the analytical tools of
sister fields and that sustains their
claim to autonomous existence, it is,
of course, formal –legal political
Public Administration :
“the institutional arrangements for
the provision of thr public
service”
“the study of public bureaucracies”
..describes that the dominanit approach
in public administration ias institutional

4. As a method, the traditional or classic institutional approach is
“descriptive-inductive, formal-legal, and historical comparative”
Institutionalism
The institutional approach can be understand as a subject
matter, as a method and as a theory.method
As such, the classical institutional approach systematically
describes and analyses phenomena that have occurred in the past
and explain contemporary political phenomena with reference to
past events. The goal is to explain and understand but not to
formulate laws. (Kavanagh 1991, 482, in Rhodes 1995, 42)

5. As a method, the traditional or classic institutional approach is
“descriptive-inductive, formal-legal, and historical comparative”
Institutionalism
The institutional approach can be understand as a subject
matter, as a method and as a theory.method
The institutional approach also applies formal-legal
inquiry. It involves the study of formal government
organizations and includes the study of public law.
As a method, the traditional or classic institutional approach is
“descriptive-inductive, formal-legal, and historical comparative”

6. As a method, the traditional or classic institutional approach is
“descriptive-inductive, formal-legal, and historical comparative”
Institutionalism
The institutional approach can be understand as a subject
matter, as a method and as a theory.method
“institutions can be understood and appreciated only by
those who know other systems of government… by the use
of a thorough comparative and historical.. A general
clarification of views may be obtained.”
As a method, the traditional or classic institutional approach is
“descriptive-inductive, formal-legal, and historical comparative”

8. Institutionalism
The institutional approach can be understand as a subject
matter, as a method and as a theory.theory.
As a theory, the or traditional institutional approach does not only make
statements about the causes and consequences of political institutions. It
also espouses the political value of democracy (Rhodes 1995).
Moreover, the approach offers an opportunity for infusing into the
empirical study of politics the analysis of political values.