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Apprenticeship in TVET Programme
to minimize the skill gap
Mohammed Rafiqul Islam
Capacity Development Associate
Access to Information (a2i) Programme
Prime Minister’s Office, Bangladesh
Email: sujonanu@gmail.com
20 December 2015
Labour market scenery of Bangladesh
• Labour force: 80M, growth 2.2% (1.7M)
• Unemployment: 4.3% (3.4M)
• Underemployment:18.7% (15M)
Untrained
80%
Trained but
not
qualified
18%
NTVQF
2%
18.4M People Need Decent Work!
Only 2% Trained and Qualified!
TVET system mainly focuses on skills and soon will become
the main driving force of growth….But, there is a gap!!!
Apprenticeship/Internship/Job Placement
Apprenticeship:
• on-the-job training and classroom instruction
• practical and theoretical aspects of a highly skilled occupation.
Experience of Austria
• About 40% -Austrian teenagers enter apprenticeship
training upon completion of compulsory education (at
age 15). [stable since the 1950s]
The five most popular trades are:
- Retail Salesperson (5,000/year),
- Clerk (3,500 / year),
- Car Mechanic (2,000 / year),
- Hairdresser (1,700 / year),
- Cook (1,600 / year)
• Apprenticeship training in Austria: Dual Education System
Experience of Australia
• 470,000 Australian Apprentices in-training as at 31
March 2012
• an increase of 2.4% from the previous year
• 60+ industries: equipped with apprenticeship occupation.
• Group Training Organisations (GTO): offers safety nets to demand & supply
Experience of France
• 4,25,000 Apprentices in France in 2013.
• 17/1000 employed person.
Experience of Germany
• Employment without apprenticeship is almost impossible
• Dual Education System: 50-70% time in company and rest
in formal education
• In 2011, 570,000 new voc apprenticeships, compared 520,000 university
enrolments.
Experience of China
Year Total enrollment Tech&Voc enrollment Year
Upper Secondary
schools (USS)
16 million 7.5 million 2013
Graduates from USS 14.8 million 6.7 million 2014
Source: MoE of China, 2014
• Above 20 Million people work as apprentices right now.
Experience of Malaysia
• TVET enrolment:
1,64,000 (2013) 2,25,000 (2020) 650,000 (2025)
• Apprenticeship Scheme for dropouts: RM500.00 per month (by HRDF)
Apprenticeship at Lotus Car Apprenticeship at Mercedes-Benz
Experience of India
• Under APY 2.8 lakh apprentices (One lakh more by March, 2017)
BREAKING NEWS- JULY 2015:
‘’CHINA HAS 2 CRORE PEOPLE WORKING AS APPRENTICES, IN JAPAN 1 CRORE. BUT
IN INDIA ONLY 30 LAKHS. DISAPPOINTING’’ - PM MODI
Institutionalize Apprent in India
Separate board for apprenticeship programme
1. Board of Apprenticeship
Training (BOAT) Western Region
http://www.apprentice-
engineer.com/
2. BOAT -Northern Region www.boatsr-
apprentice.tn.nic.in
3. BOAT –Southern Region http://boatnr.org/
4. BOAT –Eastern Region http://www.bopter.gov.in
What about Bangladesh…?
• TVET enrollment- 6,89,663 [<8% of secondary and HS enrollment]
• Formal Apprenticeship: 8377 (Approx)
• Informal apprenticeship: 10,000+
• 64 TSC get approval to start delivering contract training to industry
• BMET, COEL, ILO, EU and BRAC running apprent. Prog. (very small scale)
Its not ENOUGH!!!
What to Do…???
Major 5 (PMCMB):
• Change Policy: TVET & Industry for better
Apprenticeship.
• Innovate Apprenticeship Model for developing
countries.
• Collaboration between Education and Industry
• Develop a National Apprenticeship Monitoring
System (NAMS)
• Develop Business model/sustainable plan 4
Apprenticeship
Thank
You

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Apprenticeship in TVET: to minimize the skill gap

  • 1. Apprenticeship in TVET Programme to minimize the skill gap Mohammed Rafiqul Islam Capacity Development Associate Access to Information (a2i) Programme Prime Minister’s Office, Bangladesh Email: sujonanu@gmail.com 20 December 2015
  • 2. Labour market scenery of Bangladesh • Labour force: 80M, growth 2.2% (1.7M) • Unemployment: 4.3% (3.4M) • Underemployment:18.7% (15M) Untrained 80% Trained but not qualified 18% NTVQF 2% 18.4M People Need Decent Work! Only 2% Trained and Qualified!
  • 3. TVET system mainly focuses on skills and soon will become the main driving force of growth….But, there is a gap!!!
  • 4. Apprenticeship/Internship/Job Placement Apprenticeship: • on-the-job training and classroom instruction • practical and theoretical aspects of a highly skilled occupation.
  • 5.
  • 6. Experience of Austria • About 40% -Austrian teenagers enter apprenticeship training upon completion of compulsory education (at age 15). [stable since the 1950s] The five most popular trades are: - Retail Salesperson (5,000/year), - Clerk (3,500 / year), - Car Mechanic (2,000 / year), - Hairdresser (1,700 / year), - Cook (1,600 / year) • Apprenticeship training in Austria: Dual Education System
  • 7. Experience of Australia • 470,000 Australian Apprentices in-training as at 31 March 2012 • an increase of 2.4% from the previous year • 60+ industries: equipped with apprenticeship occupation. • Group Training Organisations (GTO): offers safety nets to demand & supply
  • 8. Experience of France • 4,25,000 Apprentices in France in 2013. • 17/1000 employed person.
  • 9. Experience of Germany • Employment without apprenticeship is almost impossible • Dual Education System: 50-70% time in company and rest in formal education • In 2011, 570,000 new voc apprenticeships, compared 520,000 university enrolments.
  • 10. Experience of China Year Total enrollment Tech&Voc enrollment Year Upper Secondary schools (USS) 16 million 7.5 million 2013 Graduates from USS 14.8 million 6.7 million 2014 Source: MoE of China, 2014 • Above 20 Million people work as apprentices right now.
  • 11. Experience of Malaysia • TVET enrolment: 1,64,000 (2013) 2,25,000 (2020) 650,000 (2025) • Apprenticeship Scheme for dropouts: RM500.00 per month (by HRDF) Apprenticeship at Lotus Car Apprenticeship at Mercedes-Benz
  • 12. Experience of India • Under APY 2.8 lakh apprentices (One lakh more by March, 2017) BREAKING NEWS- JULY 2015: ‘’CHINA HAS 2 CRORE PEOPLE WORKING AS APPRENTICES, IN JAPAN 1 CRORE. BUT IN INDIA ONLY 30 LAKHS. DISAPPOINTING’’ - PM MODI
  • 13. Institutionalize Apprent in India Separate board for apprenticeship programme 1. Board of Apprenticeship Training (BOAT) Western Region http://www.apprentice- engineer.com/ 2. BOAT -Northern Region www.boatsr- apprentice.tn.nic.in 3. BOAT –Southern Region http://boatnr.org/ 4. BOAT –Eastern Region http://www.bopter.gov.in
  • 14. What about Bangladesh…? • TVET enrollment- 6,89,663 [<8% of secondary and HS enrollment] • Formal Apprenticeship: 8377 (Approx) • Informal apprenticeship: 10,000+ • 64 TSC get approval to start delivering contract training to industry • BMET, COEL, ILO, EU and BRAC running apprent. Prog. (very small scale) Its not ENOUGH!!!
  • 15. What to Do…??? Major 5 (PMCMB): • Change Policy: TVET & Industry for better Apprenticeship. • Innovate Apprenticeship Model for developing countries. • Collaboration between Education and Industry • Develop a National Apprenticeship Monitoring System (NAMS) • Develop Business model/sustainable plan 4 Apprenticeship

Editor's Notes

  1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apprenticeship
  2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apprenticeship
  3. http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/special/cepsp22.pdf
  4. http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/special/cepsp22.pdf
  5. http://www.oecd.org/els/emp/C_WANG-Apprenticeships%20in%20China%20Update.pdf
  6. http://www.oecd.org/els/emp/C_WANG-Apprenticeships%20in%20China%20Update.pdf
  7. http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/special/cepsp22.pdf
  8. http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/special/cepsp22.pdf