This document provides an overview of Apache Maven, an open-source build automation tool. It discusses Maven's goals of making the build process easy, providing a uniform build system, and guidelines for best practices. The document explains what Maven is, its objectives, core components like the project object model and dependency management. It provides instructions for getting started with a Maven project, including configuration, commands, and IDE integration. Key advantages of Maven over Apache Ant are around dependency management and standardization.

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Apache Maven 2. Part 1: Overview
Getting started with Apache Maven 2
Nikolay Khasanov, Anatoly Kondratyev
October 2012
20 July 2015

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The Goal
• Understand Maven principles
• Build project with Maven
• Compare to Apache Ant
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GETTING STARTED
What is Maven?
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Glossary
• Artifact
• .jar, .ear, .war, .pom, etc.
• GroupId, ArtifactId, Version
• Maven repository
• Holds artifacts
• Dependency
• POM file (Project Object Model)
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What is Maven?
• Build automation tool
• Open Source: Apache License 2.0
• Knowledge accumulator
• Declarative logic instead of imperative
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Maven’s Objectives
• Making the build process easy
• Providing a uniform build system
• Providing quality project information
• Providing guidelines for best practices
development
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CORE MAVEN 2
Change your mind
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Maven project
pom.xml
source
code
generated
code
resources binary
files
RepositoriesProject lifecycle
plug-in plug-in plug-in
Project
Object
Model
Dependency
Manager
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groupId
artifactId
version
type
Repository
Project Object Model (pom.xml)
• Identification
• Hierarchy
• Structure
• Dependencies
• Build settings
my-app
parent
another-app
Spring
2.5.6
Junit
4.5
Servlet
API
2.5
my-app
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project
home
sources
classes
etc.

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Super POM
• Package: jar
• Default project structure
• Default artifacts Repository
• Default plugins
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Default folders structure
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Maven does your work
• Store only source code
• Maven knows how to build
• Dependencies are stored in shared
repository
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Transitive dependencies
my-app
dependency.1 dependency.2 dependency.3
dependency.1.1 dependency.1.2
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Dependency scope
Result
Scope
Compile
classpath
Runtime
classpath
Test
classpath
Lookup
repository
compile + + + +
provided + - + +
runtime - + + +
test - - + +
system + - + -
import Maven 2.0.9 or later, replaces POM with
<dependencyManagement>
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Maven Repository
User workstation Local network Internet
internal external
Central (default)
Local repository External repositories
user local
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Maven

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MAVEN IN ACTION
Simple Maven project example
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Installation
1. Requirements:
• JRE/JDK 1.4 or higher
2. Download
3. Unzip
4. Setup environment variables:
• M2_HOME
• M2
• PATH
5. Enjoy 
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Configuration
• Global
• <M2_HOME>/conf/settings.xml
• User local
• <USER_HOME>/.m2/settings.xml
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mvn
• mvn [goal(s)] [phase(s)] [options]
• goal = plugin:goal
• phase = phase-name
• Examples:
• mvn compiler:compile
• mvn install –X –DsomeProperty=10
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Build lifecycle
1. validate
2. compile
3. test
4. package
5. integration-test
6. verify
7. install
8. deploy
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check pom.xml
compile the source
run unit tests
create jar/war/...
run integration tests
verify the package
publish package to local repo
publish package to remote repo

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Start-up new project
mvn archetype:create
-DarchetypeGroupId=org.apache.maven.archetypes
-DgroupId=com.exigenservices.training
-DartifactId=myjsf
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Result:
• Default folder structure
• pom.xml
• First java class
• First unit-test class

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pom.xml: Minimal POM
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.exigenservices.app</groupId>
<artifactId>myjsf</artifactId>
<version>SNAPSHOT</version>
</project>
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pom.xml: Dependencies
<project>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.6</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
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pom.xml: Plug-ins configuration
<project>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.5</source>
<target>1.5</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
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Build project
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• mvn install
1. validate
2. compile
3. test
4. package
5. install

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Install and Deploy
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developer 1local
developer 2local
developer Nlocal
…
install
internal
external
Local network Internet
deploy

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When deploy is needed?
• Release
• Update snapshot
• Available for other projects
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Add repository
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>Jboss.repository</id>
<url>
http://repository.jboss.org/maven2
</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
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IDE INTEGRATION
Develop with pleasure!
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IDE list
• InteliJ IDEA from 7.0
• Eclipse (plug-in: “m2eclipse”)
• NetBeans 6.5
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IDE features
• POM editor
• Dependency synchronization
• Lifecycle build runners
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CONCLUSION
Let’s summarize
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Advantages (vs. Ant)
• Know Maven – can build project
• Dependency management
• Less CM activities
• Force to standardization
• Readable pom.xml
• High reusability
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Disadvantages (vs. Ant)
• Understanding
• Artifacts search
• Plug-ins documentation
• “Exotic things” - maven-ant-plugin
• Difficult to move from Ant
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Maven repositories
• Central
http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/
• Central repository Explorer
http://mvnrepository.com
• Collection of plugins for Maven 2
http://mojo.codehaus.org
• JBoss
http://repository.jboss.com/maven2/
• Sun
http://download.java.net/maven/2/
• Atlassian
http://repository.atlassian.com/maven2/
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References
• Maven site
http://maven.apache.org
• Quick guide
http://maven.apache.org/guides/MavenQuickReferenceCard.pdf
• Maven FAQ
http://docs.codehaus.org/display/MAVENUSER/FAQs-1
• Better Builds with Maven. John Casey and others
http://www.exist.com/better-build-maven
• Maven overview in Russian
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/ru/edu/j-mavenv2/index.html
• m2eclipse plug-in
http://m2eclipse.codehaus.org
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QUESTIONS
Now it’s your turn…
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