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Apache maven 2. advanced topics
This document provides an overview of advanced Apache Maven topics, including working with multi-module projects, Maven inheritance and aggregation, dependency and plugin management, profiles, execution blocks, archetypes, Nexus configuration, and other optional pom blocks like licenses, organization, developers, and contributors. It discusses how Maven can be used to build projects with multiple modules and artifacts through inheritance, and how to configure builds for different environments and users using profiles.
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Apache maven 2. advanced topics
- 1. Exigen Services confidentialExigen Services confidential Apache Maven 2 Overview Part 2 Advanced Topics of Apache Maven 2 Anatoly Kondratyev September 2012 20 July 2015
- 2. Exigen Services confidential TheGoal • Understand several Maven capabilities • Build multi-module project with Maven • Some special pom blocks • Nexus configuration notes 2
- 3. Exigen Services confidential WORKINGWITH MULTI-MODULE PROJECTS Maven in real world 3
- 4. Exigen Services confidential Projectcontents 4 GWT application EJB BEJB A My Library
- 5. Exigen Services confidential Whatto do with Maven? • 4 independent artifacts with dependencies • Build in one step? • Organize versioning? • Keeping up to date? • Wrong! • Maven Inheritance and Aggregation • Solves the above problems • Right! 5
- 6. Exigen Services confidential MavenInheritance & Aggregation • <packaging>pom</packaging> • Super pom • Data in parent pom is inherited • Maven dependency reactor • Notes • No cyclic dependencies • No same modules 6
- 7. Exigen Services confidential MavenInheritance & Aggregation Parent pom EJB A ejb EJB B ejb Gwt war My library jar 7
- 8. Exigen Services confidential Mavenin action 8 <project …> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>ru.exigenservices</groupId> <artifactId>my-parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>EJB-A</module> <module>EJB-B</module> <module>Gwt</module> <module>MyLibrary</module> </modules> </project>
- 9. Exigen Services confidential Mavenin action • What about deployment? • EAR needed • Special step needed • Maybe divide frontend and backend? • NB! One pom – one artifact 9
- 10. Exigen Services confidential Mavenin action Parent pom Frontend pom Gwt war Frontend wrapper ear Backend pom EJB A ejb EJB B ejb Backend wrapper ear My library jar 10
- 11. Exigen Services confidential Multimodalhierarchy • Parent pom <project …> <groupId>exigen</groupId> <artifactId>parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>backend</module> <module>frontend</module> </modules> </project> • Frontend pom <project …> <parent> <groupId>exigen</groupId> <artifactId>parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <artifactId>frontend</artifactId> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>Gwt</module> </modules> </project> 11
- 12. Exigen Services confidential Dependency&Pluginmanagement • Changeable, overriddable and inheritable • In parent • GroupId & ArtifactId • Version • Everything you can configure • Type, packaging • In child • GroupId & ArtifactId 12
- 13. Exigen Services confidential Dependency&PluginManagement Parent: <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>6.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> Child: <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> 13
- 14. Exigen Services confidential Flatvs Tree, Flat . |-- my-module | `-- pom.xml `--parent `--pom.xml • Pom.xml for my-module: <project> <parent> <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId> <artifactId>my-app</artifactId> <version>1</version> <relativePath>.../parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>my-module</artifactId> </project> 15
- 15. Exigen Services confidential Mavenreactor • Collects all the available modules to build • Sorts the projects into the correct build order • a project dependency on another module in the build • different rules with plugins dependencies • the order declared in the <modules> element (if no other rule applies) • Builds the selected projects in order • Be aware of cycles and same modules on different parents 16
- 16. Exigen Services confidential Conclusion •Inheritance and aggregation • Flat/Tree structure • Maven reactor • Dependency&Plugin management • Deploy to Nexus/Weblogic problem 17
- 17. Exigen Services confidential PROPERTIES,PROFILES, EXECUTION BLOCKS What will help you 18
- 18. Exigen Services confidential Mavenproperties • Just as common Ant properties • ${property_name} • Case sensitive • Upper case for environment variables • Dot(.) notated path 19
- 19. Exigen Services confidential Predefinedproperties • Build in properties • ${basedir} – directory with pom • ${version} – artifact version • Project properties • ${project.build.directory} • ${project.build.outputDirectory} (target/classes) • ${project.name} • ${project.version} • Local user settings • ${settings.localRepository} • Environment properties • ${env.M2_HOME} 20
- 20. Exigen Services confidential Mavenprofiles • Maven profile – special way for configuring build • Different environments – different results • Renaming • Different build cycles • Special plugin configuration • Just different targets • For different users 22
- 21. Exigen Services confidential Mavenprofiles • Per project • pom.xml • Per user • %USER_HOME%/.m2/settings.xml • Per computer (Global) • %M2_HOME%/conf/settings.xml 23
- 22. Exigen Services confidential Mavenprofiles • Activation • By hand (-P profile1,profile2) • <activeProfiles> • <activation> • By environment settings • By properties 24
- 23. Exigen Services confidential Mavenprofiles <profiles> <profile> <activation> <jdk>[1.3,1.6)</jdk> </activation> ... </profile> <profile> <activation> <property> <name>environment</name> <value>test</value> </property> </activation> ... </profile> </profiles> 25
- 24. Exigen Services confidential Mojo •Plugin • Executing action • Mojo – magical charm in hoodoo • Just a Goal • Plugin consists of Mojos • Some parameters • MOJO aka POJO (Plain-old-Java-object) 27
- 25. Exigen Services confidential Mojo •When we should use mojos? • Run from command line • Different execution parameters for different configurations • Group of mojos from same plugin with different configuration 28
- 26. Exigen Services confidential Executionblocks Plugin:time <plugin> <groupId>com.mycompany.example</groupId> <artifactId>plugin</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <executions> <execution> <id>first</id> <phase>test</phase> <goals> <goal>time</goal> </goals> <configuration> … </configuration> </execution> <execution> <id>default</id> … <!– No phase block --> </execution> </executions> </plugin> 29
- 27. Exigen Services confidential SCMSourceCodeManagement • CVS, Mercurial, Perforce, Subversion, etc. • Commit/update • scm:bootstrap – build project • Maven Release Plugin • Snapshot Version • Check everything • Commit 30
- 28. Exigen Services confidential Mavenarchetypes • Create folders, poms, general stuff • Archetype Project • For creating project: • archetype:generate • Select archetype from list • Set up groupId, artifactId, version, … • Get all project structure and draft files • maven-archetype-quickstart • For creating archetype: • archetype:create-from-project 31
- 29. Exigen Services confidential ProvidedArhetypes • maven-archetype-archetype • Sample archetype • maven-archetype-j2ee-simple • Simplified sample J2EE application • maven-archetype-plugin • Sample Maven plugin • maven-archetype-quickstart • Sample Maven project • maven-archetype-webapp • Sample Maven Webapp project • More information: http://maven.apache.org/archetype/maven-archetype-bundles/ 32
- 30. Exigen Services confidential archetype:create-from-project •Sample project • mvn archetype:create-from-project • src catalog • Pom.xml (maven-archetype) • Some resources • Modify code (…targetgenerated-sourcesarchetype) • archetype-metadata.xml • Update properties and default values; review • Go to target, run “mvn install” • To test archetype “mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeCatalog=local” 33
- 31. Exigen Services confidential NEXUS SETTING.XML Goodconfiguration - great advantage 34
- 32. Exigen Services confidential SonatypeNexus • Artifact repository • Nexus and Nexus Pro • Rather simple • Widely used • Other Maven Repository Managers • Apache Archiva • Artifactory • Comparison http://docs.codehaus.org/display/MAVENUSER/Maven+Repository+Manager+Fe ature+Matrix 35
- 33. Exigen Services confidential Nexushints • Nexus configuration + local configuration • Proxy repositories • Add everything and cache it! • Add to Public Repositories group • Restrictions on uploading artifacts • UI: Artifact Upload 36
- 34. Exigen Services confidential Settings.xml •Servers <servers> <server> <id>nexus</id> <username>…</username> <password>…</password> </server> </servers> • Mirrors (2.0.9) <mirrors> <mirror> <id>nexus</id> <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf> <url>http://localserver:8081/nexus/content/groups/public/ </url> </mirror> </mirrors> • Active Profile <activeProfiles> <activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile> </activeProfiles> • Profile <profiles> <profile> <id>nexus</id> <repositories> <repository> <id>central</id> <url>http://central</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> … </pluginRepositories> </profile> </profiles> 37
- 35. Exigen Services confidential updatePolicy •UpdatePolicy • Always • Daily (default) • Interval:X (X – integer in minutes) • Never • Repository Snapshots • Enabled true/false 38
- 36. Exigen Services confidential LICENSE,ORGANIZATION, DEVELOPERS, CONTRIBUTORS When you have free time… 39
- 37. Exigen Services confidential Licenses •How your project could be used? <licenses> <license> <name>The Apache Software License, Version 2.0</name> <url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url> <distribution>repo</distribution> <comments>A business-friendly OSS license</comments> </license> </licenses> 40
- 38. Exigen Services confidential Organization •Just tell everybody! <organization> <name>Exigen Services</name> <url>http://www.exigenservices.ru/</url> </organization> 41
- 39. Exigen Services confidential Developers& Contributors block • Id, name, email • Organization, organizationUrl • Roles • Timezone • Properties • Contributors don’t have Id 42
- 40. Exigen Services confidential Developersblock <developers> <developer> <id>anatoly.k</id> <name>Anatoly</name> <email>Anatoly.Kondratiev@exigenservices.com</email> <organization>Exigen</organization> <organizationUrl>http://www.exigenservices.ru/</organizationUrl> <roles> <role>Configuration Manager</role> <role>Developer</role> </roles> <timezone>+3</timezone> <properties> <skype>anatoly.kondratyev</skype> </properties> </developer> </developers>
- 41. Exigen Services confidential Finalnotes • A great amount of plugins • Ant-run • Mirrors on local repo, not on computer 44
- 42. Exigen Services confidential QUESTIONS Nowit’s your turn… 45