The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines, including:
1) APA regulates stylistics, in-text citations, and references and is commonly used in the social sciences.
2) APA guidelines cover stylistic elements like writing in third person, using active voice, and being clear, concise, and plain in language.
3) APA papers include title pages, abstracts, references, and follow specific formatting guidelines for citations, headings, tables, figures, and more.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) Types of Media (Part 2)- Mass Media and ...Arniel Ping
Learning Competencies
Learners will be able to…
1. discuss in class how a particular individual or society is portrayed in public using
2. different types of media (MIL11/12TYM-IIId-12n);
3. define mass media and media effects (SSHS);and
4. discuss and evaluate the different theories on media effects (SSHS).
I- How Media Depicts People in Public
II- Mass Media
Definition
Media Effects
Importance of Understanding the Effects of Media
I- Media and Information Literacy
A. Key Concepts In Media Analysis
B. Key Questions to Ask When Analyzing Media Messages
C. Formative Assessment: Analyzing and Deconstructing Media Messages
D. Performance Task: Analyzing Media Messages
The document discusses research conducted on a target audience for a music video. It found that the majority of the target audience are teenagers who prefer pop, rock, and dance music. They prefer colorful, performance-based music videos watched occasionally on YouTube. To meet expectations, the summary recommends a fast, narrative performance music video in color for the teenage target audience.
This document provides an agenda and materials for a workshop on editing and proofreading. The agenda covers the importance of proofreading, tips for successful proofreading, common proofreading symbols, spelling and vocabulary, punctuation, and readability. It includes exercises on proofreading errors, frequently confused words, and perplexing punctuation. Partners are guided to proofread sample documents together. The workshop aims to help participants strengthen their editing and proofreading skills to produce clear, error-free writing for different audiences and document types.
The document provides guidance on the academic research process. It discusses developing a research topic and question. Researchers must determine the scope of their work and timeline. They should use primary and secondary sources, taking detailed notes and evaluating source credibility. The drafting process involves writing a thesis, incorporating sources via quotes and paraphrasing, and revising. Researchers must follow formatting guidelines for citations and references in the final paper. Reliability of sources depends on the intended use and medium of the information. The academic research process requires determining a focused topic and question, conducting thorough research and analysis, and properly presenting findings.
Strategies on How to Infer & Explain Patterns and Themes from DataNoMore2020
A research that we presented and submitted to our teacher, Mrs. Lopez. I uploaded this because I wanted to help other students in the ABM track especially to Senior High Students who have Reseach in Daily Life in their subjects.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for creating reference list entries and citing sources within academic papers. It explains the purpose of style guides is to standardize citations and references to make sources easier to identify. It then covers the structure and format for different types of references, such as periodicals, books, websites, and more. It also reviews how to cite sources within the body of a paper using APA style.
This document summarizes a presentation on the portrayal of police image in Indian media. It discusses how media shapes public perceptions of police through agenda setting, priming, and framing. Interviews found common perceptions are that police are corrupt, insensitive, and politically influenced. News reports often portray police negatively. Entertainment media shows unrealistic heroic police. The presentation concludes police and media need better cooperation and understanding to improve police image through strategies like crime newsletters and community workshops.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) Types of Media (Part 2)- Mass Media and ...Arniel Ping
Learning Competencies
Learners will be able to…
1. discuss in class how a particular individual or society is portrayed in public using
2. different types of media (MIL11/12TYM-IIId-12n);
3. define mass media and media effects (SSHS);and
4. discuss and evaluate the different theories on media effects (SSHS).
I- How Media Depicts People in Public
II- Mass Media
Definition
Media Effects
Importance of Understanding the Effects of Media
I- Media and Information Literacy
A. Key Concepts In Media Analysis
B. Key Questions to Ask When Analyzing Media Messages
C. Formative Assessment: Analyzing and Deconstructing Media Messages
D. Performance Task: Analyzing Media Messages
The document discusses research conducted on a target audience for a music video. It found that the majority of the target audience are teenagers who prefer pop, rock, and dance music. They prefer colorful, performance-based music videos watched occasionally on YouTube. To meet expectations, the summary recommends a fast, narrative performance music video in color for the teenage target audience.
This document provides an agenda and materials for a workshop on editing and proofreading. The agenda covers the importance of proofreading, tips for successful proofreading, common proofreading symbols, spelling and vocabulary, punctuation, and readability. It includes exercises on proofreading errors, frequently confused words, and perplexing punctuation. Partners are guided to proofread sample documents together. The workshop aims to help participants strengthen their editing and proofreading skills to produce clear, error-free writing for different audiences and document types.
The document provides guidance on the academic research process. It discusses developing a research topic and question. Researchers must determine the scope of their work and timeline. They should use primary and secondary sources, taking detailed notes and evaluating source credibility. The drafting process involves writing a thesis, incorporating sources via quotes and paraphrasing, and revising. Researchers must follow formatting guidelines for citations and references in the final paper. Reliability of sources depends on the intended use and medium of the information. The academic research process requires determining a focused topic and question, conducting thorough research and analysis, and properly presenting findings.
Strategies on How to Infer & Explain Patterns and Themes from DataNoMore2020
A research that we presented and submitted to our teacher, Mrs. Lopez. I uploaded this because I wanted to help other students in the ABM track especially to Senior High Students who have Reseach in Daily Life in their subjects.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for creating reference list entries and citing sources within academic papers. It explains the purpose of style guides is to standardize citations and references to make sources easier to identify. It then covers the structure and format for different types of references, such as periodicals, books, websites, and more. It also reviews how to cite sources within the body of a paper using APA style.
This document summarizes a presentation on the portrayal of police image in Indian media. It discusses how media shapes public perceptions of police through agenda setting, priming, and framing. Interviews found common perceptions are that police are corrupt, insensitive, and politically influenced. News reports often portray police negatively. Entertainment media shows unrealistic heroic police. The presentation concludes police and media need better cooperation and understanding to improve police image through strategies like crime newsletters and community workshops.
This document provides an overview of technical proposals, including their definition, purposes, importance, types, and key elements. A technical proposal is a written offer to undertake a new project or modify an existing system. Proposals solve problems, find answers, and offer services. They are important business records and can help win contracts. Proposals come in various forms depending on their intended audience and whether they were solicited or unsolicited. Effective proposals follow standard structures, provide qualifications, justify costs, and use persuasive writing to convince the reader.
The document discusses different types of summaries and how to write them effectively. It describes descriptive, informative, and evaluative summaries, noting that descriptive summaries state the topic but not specifics, informative summaries can replace reading the original, and evaluative summaries include the writer's assessment. The document provides guidance on writing each type of summary, emphasizing including key details for informative summaries, and opinions for evaluative summaries. It also reviews best practices for summarizing both written and oral sources accurately.
Impact of Internet on Journalism and Digital Media EthicsRashid Hussain
Impact of journalism on the internet.
Usage of the Internet for journalistic tasks
Web revolutionized journalism
Traditional media started the online presence
Digital media Ethics and challenges for CJ
This document introduces a handbook for journalism education on the topics of journalism, 'fake news', and disinformation. It defines key terms like disinformation, misinformation, and propaganda. It explains that disinformation refers to deliberately misleading information spread to confuse or manipulate people, while misinformation refers to unintentionally misleading information. The document discusses how digital technologies and social media enable the spread of disinformation and undermine trust in journalism. It argues that journalists need to strengthen fact-checking, avoid inadvertently spreading false information, and proactively uncover new forms of disinformation to maintain credibility. The handbook aims to help educate journalists on responsibly addressing this crucial issue.
Do's and don'ts of qualiltative, quantitative and mixed methods writing, data...DoctoralNet Limited
Presented to an international audience of doctoral students online through DoctoralNet.com's regular conferences on Bigmarker (https://www.bigmarker.com/club_conferences/index/doctoralnet) this slide deck discusses things researchers should keep in mind. As part of our ongoing mission to increase graduation rates by offering dissertation help or thesis help, the ideas here were developed by the students in the room and are taken from our new book from Sage Publishing: Write Your Doctoral Dissertation or Thesis Faster: A Proven Map to Success - to be out Nov 2014
This document provides guidance on writing literature reviews and APA style. It discusses synthesizing literature, writing literature reviews, and APA style tips. Key APA style elements include in-text citations, reference lists, capitalization rules, use of italics, hanging indents, and author name formatting. The document also provides examples of common in-text citation structures and reference list entries for different source types. It concludes with tips for ensuring citations and references are formatted correctly according to APA style.
Plagiarism is not always a matter of deliberate theft; it can happen inadvertently through misunderstanding academic conventions of referencing and attribution, or through inappropriate collaboration with other students on your course. This session is designed to explain guidelines on plagiarism, to look at some real-life case studies, and to give you information and strategies to help you avoid it.
This document discusses text media and information. It provides characteristics of text, different types of text including hypertext and plaintext, common file formats, and design principles for text like emphasis, proximity and alignment. Text is a flexible way to present information in various sources, from short phrases to lengthy articles, and can be customized through options like fonts, formatting and typefaces to achieve different styles and convey different meanings or emotions.
This document discusses referencing and avoiding plagiarism. It aims to explain why referencing is important, define plagiarism and collusion, and demonstrate how to reference different sources like books, websites, and official publications using the Harvard referencing style. Examples are provided for referencing books, acts, government reports, websites, quotes within a text, and after a quote. The document encourages practicing referencing various sources correctly.
This document provides instructions on how to create an annotated bibliography. It defines an annotated bibliography as a list of citations followed by brief descriptive and evaluative paragraphs (annotations) that describe the relevance and quality of each source. The annotations typically evaluate the author's authority, intended audience, main points, and how the source illuminates the research topic. The document outlines the process of researching sources, writing citations, and composing 150-word annotations with four key elements: authority, audience, main points, and relevance. It provides formatting guidelines and an example of a properly formatted annotated bibliography entry.
This document discusses text, media, and information literacy. It defines text as any sequence of characters that forms words that can convey ideas. Text can be hypertext, plain text, or formatted text. The document also discusses typefaces (fonts), common text file formats like TXT, DOC, PDF, and design principles for text like emphasis, appropriateness, proximity, alignment, organization, repetition, and contrast.
I present an insider’s view on peer review drawing from my experience at the journals of the American Physical Society (Physical Review B, Physical Review Letters, and Physical Review X) where I have worked since 2003. First, I discuss the basic elements of peer review (editorial screening, rejection without external review, referee selection, consultation with Editorial Board Members, assessment of referee reports, handling of conflicting referee recommendations, selection of a subset of accepted papers for highlighting). In the process, I present some commonly used arguments by authors that can actually backfire, and some anecdotal excerpts of correspondence. Second, I discuss some recent trends in science publishing, from launching new journals to providing new services to authors. I focus on one recent trend, the highlighting of select sets of papers by publishers. Third, I discuss citation impact metrics for journals (Impact Factor, EigenFactor, h5 index) and for subsets of journals (e.g., Editors’ Suggestions, papers highlighted in APS Physics, etc.). This leads naturally to the questions (a) whether editors and referees can pick out, at the time of acceptance, the papers destined to be highly cited or otherwise influential; and (b) whether such papers tend to be controversial at the time of publication and after. I present some data on these questions. Overall, my aim is for the audience to appreciate the imperfect and imprecise nature of editorial decision-making that is sometimes unappreciated by a community trained in the hard sciences. Finally, for the benefit of the younger audience, I present a brief outline of the editorial job and career prospects of editors.
This document provides instructions for creating note cards for a research paper. It explains that each note card should include:
1) A topic for the main idea or information on the card.
2) The full source title and publication information for where the information was found.
3) A paraphrased summary of the information in the student's own words to avoid plagiarism.
4) The specific page numbers where the information can be found for accurate citations. Taking organized note cards is presented as an effective way to gather and structure research for a paper.
Lesson 11 Writing Business Letters 1210556377680231 9zheng xinhuan
The document provides guidance on writing business letters for a North American audience. It outlines the typical parts of a business letter, including the sender's address, date, inside address, salutation, body, closing, and enclosures. It emphasizes getting straight to the point, using simple language, employing active and passive voice appropriately, and using nondiscriminatory language.
This document discusses codes, conventions, and languages used in media to communicate meaning. It explains that technical codes like camera angles and lighting and symbolic codes like character dress and actions are used to construct meaning. It then defines different media languages including written, verbal, non-verbal, visual, and aural and provides examples. The document also discusses semiotics, denotation and connotation. It profiles theorists Roland Barthes and Claude Levi-Strauss and their work on structuralism and semiotics. Finally, it provides quotes from each theorist and briefly summarizes two music videos.
The customer is writing to complain about a puzzle purchased from the company's website that was delivered late, with broken packaging, and was not as ordered. The puzzle had only half the pieces ordered, was a generic map instead of a personalized photo as requested, and was delivered on a Saturday instead of weekday mornings as specified. The customer seeks compensation for breaking their son's dream on his gift due to the multiple failures and incorrect order fulfillment by the company.
This document compares the heading styles between APA 6th edition and APA 5th edition. It shows that in APA 6th edition, level 1 headings are centered and in boldface uppercase and lowercase letters. Level 2 headings are flush left, boldface, and uppercase and lowercase letters. Lower level headings are indented, with formatting becoming more detailed at each lower level, ending with level 5 headings being indented, italicized, and sentence case.
This document summarizes and compares four research studies that examined the relationship between online communication and intimacy/closeness in relationships. The studies had varying definitions of computer-mediated communication (CMC) and produced different results. Specifically, one study by Cummings et al. found that face-to-face interactions created more intimacy than email communication. However, other studies examined different forms of CMC like instant messaging and found they can foster intimacy, especially when used frequently between partners. The document argues more research is needed using diverse definitions of CMC to fully understand its impact on relationships.
This document provides an overview of technical proposals, including their definition, purposes, importance, types, and key elements. A technical proposal is a written offer to undertake a new project or modify an existing system. Proposals solve problems, find answers, and offer services. They are important business records and can help win contracts. Proposals come in various forms depending on their intended audience and whether they were solicited or unsolicited. Effective proposals follow standard structures, provide qualifications, justify costs, and use persuasive writing to convince the reader.
The document discusses different types of summaries and how to write them effectively. It describes descriptive, informative, and evaluative summaries, noting that descriptive summaries state the topic but not specifics, informative summaries can replace reading the original, and evaluative summaries include the writer's assessment. The document provides guidance on writing each type of summary, emphasizing including key details for informative summaries, and opinions for evaluative summaries. It also reviews best practices for summarizing both written and oral sources accurately.
Impact of Internet on Journalism and Digital Media EthicsRashid Hussain
Impact of journalism on the internet.
Usage of the Internet for journalistic tasks
Web revolutionized journalism
Traditional media started the online presence
Digital media Ethics and challenges for CJ
This document introduces a handbook for journalism education on the topics of journalism, 'fake news', and disinformation. It defines key terms like disinformation, misinformation, and propaganda. It explains that disinformation refers to deliberately misleading information spread to confuse or manipulate people, while misinformation refers to unintentionally misleading information. The document discusses how digital technologies and social media enable the spread of disinformation and undermine trust in journalism. It argues that journalists need to strengthen fact-checking, avoid inadvertently spreading false information, and proactively uncover new forms of disinformation to maintain credibility. The handbook aims to help educate journalists on responsibly addressing this crucial issue.
Do's and don'ts of qualiltative, quantitative and mixed methods writing, data...DoctoralNet Limited
Presented to an international audience of doctoral students online through DoctoralNet.com's regular conferences on Bigmarker (https://www.bigmarker.com/club_conferences/index/doctoralnet) this slide deck discusses things researchers should keep in mind. As part of our ongoing mission to increase graduation rates by offering dissertation help or thesis help, the ideas here were developed by the students in the room and are taken from our new book from Sage Publishing: Write Your Doctoral Dissertation or Thesis Faster: A Proven Map to Success - to be out Nov 2014
This document provides guidance on writing literature reviews and APA style. It discusses synthesizing literature, writing literature reviews, and APA style tips. Key APA style elements include in-text citations, reference lists, capitalization rules, use of italics, hanging indents, and author name formatting. The document also provides examples of common in-text citation structures and reference list entries for different source types. It concludes with tips for ensuring citations and references are formatted correctly according to APA style.
Plagiarism is not always a matter of deliberate theft; it can happen inadvertently through misunderstanding academic conventions of referencing and attribution, or through inappropriate collaboration with other students on your course. This session is designed to explain guidelines on plagiarism, to look at some real-life case studies, and to give you information and strategies to help you avoid it.
This document discusses text media and information. It provides characteristics of text, different types of text including hypertext and plaintext, common file formats, and design principles for text like emphasis, proximity and alignment. Text is a flexible way to present information in various sources, from short phrases to lengthy articles, and can be customized through options like fonts, formatting and typefaces to achieve different styles and convey different meanings or emotions.
This document discusses referencing and avoiding plagiarism. It aims to explain why referencing is important, define plagiarism and collusion, and demonstrate how to reference different sources like books, websites, and official publications using the Harvard referencing style. Examples are provided for referencing books, acts, government reports, websites, quotes within a text, and after a quote. The document encourages practicing referencing various sources correctly.
This document provides instructions on how to create an annotated bibliography. It defines an annotated bibliography as a list of citations followed by brief descriptive and evaluative paragraphs (annotations) that describe the relevance and quality of each source. The annotations typically evaluate the author's authority, intended audience, main points, and how the source illuminates the research topic. The document outlines the process of researching sources, writing citations, and composing 150-word annotations with four key elements: authority, audience, main points, and relevance. It provides formatting guidelines and an example of a properly formatted annotated bibliography entry.
This document discusses text, media, and information literacy. It defines text as any sequence of characters that forms words that can convey ideas. Text can be hypertext, plain text, or formatted text. The document also discusses typefaces (fonts), common text file formats like TXT, DOC, PDF, and design principles for text like emphasis, appropriateness, proximity, alignment, organization, repetition, and contrast.
I present an insider’s view on peer review drawing from my experience at the journals of the American Physical Society (Physical Review B, Physical Review Letters, and Physical Review X) where I have worked since 2003. First, I discuss the basic elements of peer review (editorial screening, rejection without external review, referee selection, consultation with Editorial Board Members, assessment of referee reports, handling of conflicting referee recommendations, selection of a subset of accepted papers for highlighting). In the process, I present some commonly used arguments by authors that can actually backfire, and some anecdotal excerpts of correspondence. Second, I discuss some recent trends in science publishing, from launching new journals to providing new services to authors. I focus on one recent trend, the highlighting of select sets of papers by publishers. Third, I discuss citation impact metrics for journals (Impact Factor, EigenFactor, h5 index) and for subsets of journals (e.g., Editors’ Suggestions, papers highlighted in APS Physics, etc.). This leads naturally to the questions (a) whether editors and referees can pick out, at the time of acceptance, the papers destined to be highly cited or otherwise influential; and (b) whether such papers tend to be controversial at the time of publication and after. I present some data on these questions. Overall, my aim is for the audience to appreciate the imperfect and imprecise nature of editorial decision-making that is sometimes unappreciated by a community trained in the hard sciences. Finally, for the benefit of the younger audience, I present a brief outline of the editorial job and career prospects of editors.
This document provides instructions for creating note cards for a research paper. It explains that each note card should include:
1) A topic for the main idea or information on the card.
2) The full source title and publication information for where the information was found.
3) A paraphrased summary of the information in the student's own words to avoid plagiarism.
4) The specific page numbers where the information can be found for accurate citations. Taking organized note cards is presented as an effective way to gather and structure research for a paper.
Lesson 11 Writing Business Letters 1210556377680231 9zheng xinhuan
The document provides guidance on writing business letters for a North American audience. It outlines the typical parts of a business letter, including the sender's address, date, inside address, salutation, body, closing, and enclosures. It emphasizes getting straight to the point, using simple language, employing active and passive voice appropriately, and using nondiscriminatory language.
This document discusses codes, conventions, and languages used in media to communicate meaning. It explains that technical codes like camera angles and lighting and symbolic codes like character dress and actions are used to construct meaning. It then defines different media languages including written, verbal, non-verbal, visual, and aural and provides examples. The document also discusses semiotics, denotation and connotation. It profiles theorists Roland Barthes and Claude Levi-Strauss and their work on structuralism and semiotics. Finally, it provides quotes from each theorist and briefly summarizes two music videos.
The customer is writing to complain about a puzzle purchased from the company's website that was delivered late, with broken packaging, and was not as ordered. The puzzle had only half the pieces ordered, was a generic map instead of a personalized photo as requested, and was delivered on a Saturday instead of weekday mornings as specified. The customer seeks compensation for breaking their son's dream on his gift due to the multiple failures and incorrect order fulfillment by the company.
This document compares the heading styles between APA 6th edition and APA 5th edition. It shows that in APA 6th edition, level 1 headings are centered and in boldface uppercase and lowercase letters. Level 2 headings are flush left, boldface, and uppercase and lowercase letters. Lower level headings are indented, with formatting becoming more detailed at each lower level, ending with level 5 headings being indented, italicized, and sentence case.
This document summarizes and compares four research studies that examined the relationship between online communication and intimacy/closeness in relationships. The studies had varying definitions of computer-mediated communication (CMC) and produced different results. Specifically, one study by Cummings et al. found that face-to-face interactions created more intimacy than email communication. However, other studies examined different forms of CMC like instant messaging and found they can foster intimacy, especially when used frequently between partners. The document argues more research is needed using diverse definitions of CMC to fully understand its impact on relationships.
This document provides an overview of APA formatting guidelines for nursing students. It discusses the standard versus student paper formats, title pages, abstracts, in-text citations, headings, and reference pages. The key points are that APA has guidelines for professional manuscripts but students should check with instructors which variation to follow. It provides examples of proper formatting for title pages, abstracts, headings, in-text citations for different source types, and references.
This document summarizes a scoping review on PhD candidates' information use in knowledge creation. The review aimed to understand PhD students' information behavior and use. It searched multiple databases and included 55 sources published after 1990 in English or Scandinavian languages. The review found that PhD students display disciplinary differences in information searching and citation practices. It also found that while PhD students feel confident searching, they could benefit from training on evaluating information and understanding publishing/citation metrics. The review concluded that libraries should tailor instruction to PhD students' independent nature and the literature review process. It identified gaps around plagiarism and copyright issues.
This document provides an overview of APA formatting guidelines. It discusses the five levels of headings, general formatting guidelines regarding margins, fonts, and paragraph spacing. It also covers how to format citations within the text and structure the reference section. The document aims to help readers learn APA style through examples and explanations of citation formats for different source types, including journal articles, books, websites, and more.
The document provides information about APA style formatting. It discusses the general format for APA papers including 1-inch margins, Times New Roman 12pt font, and double-spaced lines. It also describes the main sections of an APA paper including the title page, abstract, main body, and references. Specific guidelines are given for formatting the title page, headings, paragraphs, citations, and references in APA style.
The intention of this resource is to provide you with enough information to produce a high quality reports and literature reviews.
You may need to produce several small reports during the course of your undergraduate study as part of group coursework assignments. This guide along with other provide support.
Literature review on youth leadership samplecocolatto
This document summarizes literature on facilitating professional leadership development in youth organizations, using Victoria University's Students Association (VUWSA) as a case study. It explores how professional leadership development concepts from workplace settings can be adapted for youth organizations. While leadership is often learned through experience, youth organizations face challenges in providing long-term leadership opportunities due to short leadership cycles. The document argues professional leadership development is possible in youth organizations and recommends VUWSA focus on staff leadership skills rather than just technical skills.
This document provides guidance on formatting a PowerPoint presentation according to APA style. It recommends including an abstract slide to summarize the presentation's key points. Consistent formatting should be used for headings, lists, citations, tables, and figures. Reference lists and in-text citations should follow the same rules as a paper. The document emphasizes adhering to any assignment guidelines and notes that there is no official APA PowerPoint template.
This literature review examines key performance indicators (KPIs) for adult and community education (ACE) organizations. It discusses the challenges of evaluating outcomes for ACE providers given their focus on both educational and social outcomes. It reviews management tools from industry, services, and education to identify an approach suitable for voluntary ACE providers. The balanced scorecard is discussed as a potential tool, but the review argues KPIs for voluntary ACE must focus on quality as an outcome and avoid interfering with volunteers' work. Further research is needed on measuring social outcomes and adapting evaluation methods for the ACE sector.
This document provides an overview of the key areas and major changes covered in the American Psychological Association's (APA) 6th edition style manual. It notes that this tutorial only briefly summarizes APA style and recommends purchasing the actual manual for comprehensive guidelines. The tutorial covers topics such as what constitutes plagiarism and self-plagiarism, how to distinguish between direct quotations and paraphrasing, how to recognize empirical research, and the basic formatting requirements for papers, headings, lists, citations, and references in APA style.
The document provides an overview of the American Psychological Association (APA) style guide for formatting research papers. It discusses the basics of APA formatting including stylistics, in-text citations, references, types of APA papers, general format, title pages, the abstract, the main body, and references pages. Specific guidelines are provided for in-text citations, references, and formatting various parts of the paper according to APA style.
APA style is the most commonly used format for manuscripts in the social sciences. It regulates stylistics such as formatting, in-text citations, and references. APA style dictates that language be clear, concise, and plain in papers. There are two main types of APA papers: literature reviews and experimental reports. Papers should follow a general format that includes sections for title page, abstract, main body, and references. The Publication Manual of the APA and online resources provide guidance for any questions about APA style.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines, including:
1) What APA style regulates such as in-text citations, references list, and stylistics regarding point of view, language, and formatting.
2) The two most common types of APA papers - literature reviews and experimental reports - and the sections they include.
3) General formatting guidelines for APA papers such as font, margins, page headers, title page, abstract, references list, and in-text citations.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines, including:
1) What APA style regulates such as in-text citations, references list, and stylistics regarding point of view, language, and formatting.
2) The two most common types of APA papers - literature reviews and experimental reports - and the general sections they contain.
3) Guidelines for APA paper formatting, such as font, margins, page headers, title page, abstract, references list, in-text citations, and formatting of tables and figures.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines, including:
1) What APA style regulates such as in-text citations, references list, and stylistics regarding point of view, language, and formatting.
2) The two most common types of APA papers - literature reviews and experimental reports - and the sections they include.
3) General formatting guidelines for APA papers such as font, margins, page headers, title page, abstract, references list, and in-text citations.
The document provides an overview of the American Psychological Association (APA) style guide, which is commonly used for formatting papers in the social sciences. It discusses the key aspects of APA formatting such as in-text citations, references, headings, tables, and figures. The document also describes the general sections and structure of an APA paper, including the title page, abstract, main body, and references page. Helpful resources for APA style questions are also listed.
The document provides an overview of APA style formatting and citation guidelines. It discusses the general structure of APA papers, including sections like the title page, abstract, introduction, method, results, and references. It also outlines rules for in-text citations, references list entries, tables, figures, and headings. Key aspects covered include using active voice, clear language, in-text citations for quotations and paraphrases, and ordering references alphabetically by author's last name.
This document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers, in-text citations, references, and more. It discusses APA's regulations on stylistics, citations, and references. Key aspects covered include using active voice and personal pronouns where appropriate, providing clear and concise language, and following specific formatting guidelines for title pages, headings, tables, figures, and references. Examples are given for citing different source types in both the text and references.
This document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers, in-text citations, references, and more. It discusses APA's regulations on stylistics, citations, and references. Key aspects covered include using active voice and personal pronouns where appropriate, providing clear and concise language, and following specific formatting guidelines for title pages, headings, tables, figures, and references. Examples are given for citing different source types in both the text and references.
This document provides an overview of the American Psychological Association (APA) style guide for formatting papers and citations. It discusses the basics of APA formatting such as using 12-point Times New Roman font, double spacing, and 1-inch margins. It also covers sections that should be included in an APA paper like the title page, abstract, main body, and references page. Additionally, the document reviews APA guidelines for in-text citations including providing the author's last name and date in parentheses and reference list entries are alphabetized by author's last name.
The document provides an overview of APA style formatting and guidelines for writing research papers according to APA style. It discusses the general paper format, in-text citations, references page, APA headings, tables and figures. Key aspects include double-spacing, 1-inch margins, title page with running head, abstract page, references page in alphabetical order, in-text citations with author and date, and formatting for quotations, summaries and paraphrases. Additional resources for APA style are also listed.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers, in-text citations, and references. It discusses that APA style is mostly used in social sciences papers and regulates stylistics, citations, and references. It outlines the general paper format of APA papers including title page, abstract, body, and references sections. It also describes guidelines for in-text citations including quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing sources as well as reference list formatting.
This document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers, in-text citations, and reference lists. It discusses the general paper format including title pages, headings, tables, and figures. It also covers the basics of citing sources in-text, formatting quotations and paraphrasing, and constructing reference list entries according to APA style. Additional resources for learning APA style are listed at the end.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers, in-text citations, and reference lists. It discusses the general paper format, the four main sections of a paper (title page, abstract, main body, references), how to format headings, tables and figures, and how to create in-text citations and reference list entries for various source types, including guidelines for citing works by multiple authors and electronic sources. The document recommends additional APA resources for reference.
The document provides an overview of APA style formatting and guidelines for citing sources. It discusses the general structure of APA papers including title pages, abstracts, references pages, and in-text citations. Key aspects such as using active voice, clear/concise language, and the proper formatting of quotations, paraphrases, and references are covered. The document also reviews APA guidelines for headings, tables, figures, and formatting of electronic sources.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers, in-text citations, and reference lists. It discusses the basic sections of an APA paper including the title page, abstract, and references page. Key aspects of APA style such as voice, language, headings, citations, and reference list formatting are explained. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate the various guidelines.
This document provides guidance on formatting in-text citations in APA style. It discusses citing sources with quotations and paraphrases, including providing the author's name, year of publication, and page number when needed. It also describes how to format citations for sources with two or more authors, sources without authors, and personal communications. Citations should be included in parenthesis in the text and correspond to full references in the reference list.
This document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers, in-text citations, and references. It discusses the basics of APA formatting including using Times New Roman font, double-spacing, and including a title page with a running head on subsequent pages. APA style regulates stylistics, in-text citations, and reference lists and provides examples of how to format citations for different source types and multiple authors. The document also reviews how to format titles, headings, tables, and figures in APA style.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for formatting papers and in-text citations. It explains that APA is commonly used in the social sciences and regulates stylistics, citations, and references. Papers should use the third person rather than first, be clear, concise, and plain in language. The general format is double-spaced with 1-inch margins. APA papers include four main sections - title page, abstract, main body, and references page. In-text citations include author and date, and the references page lists sources alphabetically by author's last name.
The document provides an overview of APA style guidelines for writing papers, including formatting, in-text citations, references, and headings. It discusses the general paper layout, such as using double-spaced text with 1-inch margins. Key guidelines covered include using the author-date citation style in parentheses, ordering reference entries alphabetically, and using a level system for headings. The document is intended as a guide for students on the basics of APA formatting and citations.
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2. What is APA? APA (American Psychological Association) is the most commonly used format for manuscripts in the Social Sciences.
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9. General Format (cont’d) References Main Body Abstract Title page Your essay should include four major sections:
10. Title Page Page header: (use Insert Page Header) title flush left + page number flush right. Title: (in the upper half of the page, centered ) name (no title or degree) + affiliation (university, etc.)
11. Abstract Page Page header: do NOT include “Running head:” Abstract (centered, at the top of the page) Write a brief (between 150 and 250 words) summary of your paper in an accurate, concise, and specific manner. Should contain: at research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. May also include possible implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings. May also include keywords.
Welcome to “APA Formatting and Style Guide”. This Power Point Presentation is designed to introduce your students to the basics of APA Formatting and Style Guide. You might want to supplement the presentation with more detailed information posted on Purdue OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association , 6 th ed., contains detailed guidelines to formatting a paper in the APA style. APA style is most commonly used for formatting papers in the Social Sciences—business, economics, psychology, sociology, nursing, etc. Updates to APA are posted on the APA website www.apastyle.org. You may also reference the Purdue OWL: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/. APA format provides writers with a format for cross-referencing their sources--from their parenthetical references to their reference page. This cross-referencing system allows readers to locate the publication information of source material. This is of great value for researchers who may want to locate your sources for their own research projects. The proper use of APA style also shows the credibility of writers; such writers show accountability to their source material. Most importantly, use of APA style can protect writers from plagiarism--the purposeful or accidental use of source material by other writers without giving appropriate credit.
This slide presents three basic areas regulated by APA students need to be aware of—stylistics, in-text citations, and list of references. The following slides provide detailed explanations regarding each area.
APA format is not limited by the rules of citing the sources- in-text citations and entries in the list of References. It also regulates the stylistics of conveying research. This slide introduces the basics of APA stylistics related to the point of view and voice in an APA paper, which encourages a writer to take the third person point of view and use the active voice. The explanations are provided with examples. This slide can be supplemented by the relevant section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/15/
This slide explains the APA requirements to language of an APA paper. Clarity and conciseness are the major concern when reporting research in APA . It is not easy to balance clarity (which requires providing clarification) and conciseness (which requires packing information). To achieve clarity, a writer should avoid vague wording and be specific in descriptions and explanations. To achieve conciseness, a writer should condense information. Because APA format is widely used in science-related papers, the language of APA format is plain and simple. A writer should avoid using metaphors and minimize the use of figurative language, which is typical for creative writing. This slide can be supplemented by the relevant sections from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/15/ http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/14/ and “Conciseness in academic writing” handout http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/572/01/
This slide introduces two most commonly used genres in APA format: the literature review and the experimental report (also known as the research article). The literature review paper, which is the summary of what the scientific literature in the discipline field says about the topic of research, is the genre students likely encounter in their academic studies. The paper includes the title page, introduction and a list of references. The experimental report or research article provides an account of conducted research. This genre includes the title page, abstract, introduction (which is the review of the published studies on the research topic with the purpose to find the niche for the reported study), method, results, discussion, references, appendices (optional). The experiential report often contains tables and figures. See the slides describing APA format of tables and figures. This slide can be supplemented by the relevant section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/13/
The general format, which is introduced in the following six slides, regulates formatting papers of any genre students may encounter in their academic studies. For students, consulting the instructor about the specific requirement is the safest policy. For authors of manuscripts prepared for submission to scientific journal, consulting Publication Manual is a must. This slide can be supplemented by the “Other papers” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/13/
This slide presents the general format of an APA formatted paper: An essay should be typed and double-spaced on the standard-sized paper (8.5”x11”) with 1” margins on all sides. Times New Roman or similar font in 10-12 pt. size should be used. The document should include a page header indicating a short title of the essay and a page number in the upper right-hand of every page (including the title page).
This slide introduces four required part of an APA paper: a title page, abstract, main body (essay itself), and a list of References. An abstract page and list of references are titled as Abstract and Reference, respectively. It is important to remind students that each page should have a page header with a short title and page number. This slide can be supplemented by the “General Format” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
This slide visually presents APA format of a title page, which consists of four major sections: a page header, a running head for publication, and a title. To create a page header, use “Insert Page Header” function of MSO Word. Choose “Insert Page Number” in the upper right-hand side and type two-three words of the title before page number. Separate the abbreviated title from the page number with five spaces. To create a running head for publication, type Running Head: ABBREVIATED TITLE on the first line, flush-left, maximum 60 characters long. Note: Although a running head section is required for manuscripts submitted for publication, it is an optional sections for students’ papers. To create a title, type—in the upper half of the page, centered– a full title of the essay, writer’s name and affiliation (college or university) on subsequent lines. Note: the instructor might also require his/her name, course title, and date in addition to affiliation. Encourage students to consult the instructor regarding specific requirements to a title section. This slide can be supplemented by the relevant section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
This slide provides a visual example of an abstract page, which consists of a page header, a heading—Abstract, and a brief summary of the paper accurately presenting its contents. Type the heading –Abstract– centered at the top of the page. Below, type the paragraph of the paper summary (between 150 and 250 words) in block format—without indentation.
This slide provides the basic reminders about formatting the text: Make sure that the first text page is page number 3 (page#1 is a title page, page #2 is an abstract page). Start with typing the essay title centered, at the top of the page. Type the text double-space with all sections following each other without a break. Do not use white space between paragraphs. Create parenthetical in-text citations to identify the sources used in the paper. Format tables and figures. The following slides introduce APA formatting of references, in-text citations, and tables and figures.
This slide explains the format and purpose of a references page. The facilitator may stress that each source referenced within the paper should also appear on the reference page, which appears at the end of the paper. To create a references page, center the heading—References—at the top of the page; double-space reference entries; flush left the first line of the entry and indent subsequent lines. To use “hanging” feature of “Indent and Space” tab, go to “Paragraph” ”Indentation” choose “Hanging” in the ”Special” box. Order entries alphabetically by the author’s surnames. If a source is anonymous, use its title as an author’s surname. Note: Unlike MLA, APA is only interested in what they call “recoverable data”—that is, data which other people can find. For example, personal communications such as letters, memos, emails, interviews, and telephone conversations should not be included in the reference list since they are not recoverable by other researchers. For specific information about entries in the reference list, go to http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/05/.
This slide provides basic rules related to creating references entries.
This slide provides basic rules related to creating references entries.
APA is a complex system of citation, which is time-consuming to learn and difficult to keep in mind. To help students handle the requirements of APA format, this slide introduces a strategy of surviving APA. The facilitator should stress the importance of correct identification of a type of source: e.g., Is it an article from a newspaper or from a scholarly journal? Hard copy or electronic version? When the source type is identified correctly, it’s fairly easy to find a sample of a similar reference in the APA chapter of a composition book or in an on-line APA resource. The APA guide on the OWL website is particularly easy to browse since its links are organized by types of sources—scroll down to the box of links http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ After a sample is found, all it takes is to mirror it precisely and arrange entries in the alphabetical order. Note: Many electronic library databases, e.g. Proquest, have citation feature. The useful strategy is to save and import into a references list citation entries (make sure you choose APA format) while doing literature search. You can always delete later reference entries of the sources you’re not going to use in the paper.
This slide explains the basics of in-text citations. In-text citations help establish credibility of the writer, show respect to someone else’s intellectual property (and consequently, avoid plagiarism). More practically, in-text citations help readers locate the cited source in the references page. Thus, keep the in-text citation brief and make sure that the information provided in the body of the paper should be just enough so that a reader could easily cross-reference the citation with its matching entry on the reference page; i.e., the body of the paper and the in-text citation together contains the author’s name and the year of publication. To avoid plagiarism, also provide a page number (in p.3 / pp.3-5 format) for close paraphrases and quotations.
This slide provides explanation and examples of in-text citations with quotations.
The following three slides provide instructions and examples of in-text citations with summary/ paraphrase. The facilitator should emphasize the importance of developing the skills of critical reading (which enables finding main claims in the text), summarizing, and paraphrasing. When paraphrasing or summarizing, the major concern should be fair and accurate representation of the ideas in the source. This slide can be supplemented by the “Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/563/01/
The following three slides provide instructions and examples of in-text citations with summary/ paraphrase. The facilitator should emphasize the importance of developing the skills of critical reading (which enables finding main claims in the text), summarizing, and paraphrasing. When paraphrasing or summarizing, the major concern should be fair and accurate representation of the ideas in the source. This slide can be supplemented by the “Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/563/01/ and sections on APA in-text citations: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/
This slide continues explaining formatting in-text citations with summary/ paraphrase.
Acquiring a rich repertoire of signal words and phrases is the key to success in representing others’ ideas in academic writing. This slide provides a few examples of those and reminds that APA requires to use the past or present perfect tense of verbs in signal phrases. The facilitator might want to point to the chapter in the composition book that introduces and practices signal words.
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains and exemplifies the specific cases of in-text citations. It might be supplemented with “Author/Authors” section from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
This slide explains a system of five heading levels in APA. It might be supplemented by the section “APA Headings” from OWL http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/16/
Thus, if the article has four sections, some of which have subsection and some of which don’t, use headings depending on the level of subordination. Section headings receive level one format. Subsections receive level two format. Subsections of subsections receive level three format. In APA Style, the Introduction section never gets a heading and headings are not indicated by letters or numbers. Levels of headings will depend upon the length and organization of your paper. Regardless, always begin with level one headings and proceed to level two, etc.
Tables are a common and often required feature of an APA format (consider, the research article, for example). This slide provides visual guidelines to formatting tables in APA. The facilitator should point that a table format consists of four elements: The table label—e.g., Table 1 The title in italics , both appearing on separate lines above the table, flush-left and single-spaced The table The Citation of the source below the table in the form of Note (see the example on the slide).
Although figures in an APA paper are formatted in a manner which is similar to that of formatting tables, there a few differences. In particular, the order is the following: You might provide an additional title centered above the figure. The figure The label and title (in italics) on the same line below the figure, flush-left: Figure 1. Internet users in Europe A Citation of the source below the table in the form of Note (see the example on the slide).
There are many rules for following APA format, and the facilitator should stress that it is nearly impossible to memorize them all. Students’ best course of action is to utilize the official APA handbook or the APA section in an updated composition textbook as guides for properly using the documentation format. Since the American Psychological Association, a professional group of behavioral and social science professors and instructors, periodically updates the guide, students should be certain that they are using the most current information possible. There are other resources for finding current information on APA documentation style. The APA web site offers some limited information about recent format changes, especially regarding the documentation of World Wide Web and electronic sources. The Purdue University Writing Lab has a page on APA formatting and documentation style at its web site: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ For quick questions on APA format, students can also call the Writing Lab Grammar Hotline at 494-3723.