the above presentation contain the history of the thyroid disorder, including the definition of thyrotoxicosis, and its two main cause that are graves' disease and another toxic nodular goiter and the classification of drugs that are used in hyperthyroidism i.e. hormone sythesis inhibitor, hormone release inhibitors, destroy thyroid tissue, and inhibit ionic trapping with it's example including the adverse effect and side effect and marketted preparation of the same and the agents which cause hypothyroidism and the agents which are used to prescribe in the pregnancy
Introduction.
Biosynthesis
Types of Thyroid diseases
Thyroid Drugs
Antithyroid Drugs
Mechanism of action
Structure
Adverse Drug Reactions and Uses.
Reference
Introduction.
Biosynthesis
Types of Thyroid diseases
Thyroid Drugs
Antithyroid Drugs
Mechanism of action
Structure
Adverse Drug Reactions and Uses.
Reference
Expt. 6 Bioassay of histamine using guinea pig ileum by matching methodVISHALJADHAV100
Objective
Principle
Requirements
Experimental specifications (conditions)
Preparation of histamine standard solution
Preparation of Tyrode solution (PSS)
Procedure
Kymograph recording of contractions
Observation table
Calculation
Result and interpretation
Detailed information of all terms like Thyroid gland, Thyroxine, Triidothyronine, Calcitonine, growth and development , propylthiouracil, Calorigenesis, tadpole to frog, Oligomenorrhoea, snehal chakorkar, pharmacology, Cretinism, Myxoedema coma, Graves disease, Thiocynates, Perchlorate, Nitrates.
Radioactive iodine, I131
A condition in which the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood
to meet the metabolic demand of the body and also unable to receive it back because every time after a systole.
Introduction.
Classification .
Drugs used in Coagulant and Anticoagulant Agents
Mechanism of action .
Structure
Synthesis
Adverse Drug Reactions .
Uses.
Reference
Seretonin (5HT) and Its Antagonists PharmacologyPranatiChavan
Serotonin is a chemical that has a wide variety of functions in the human body. It is sometimes called the happy chemical, because it contributes to wellbeing and happiness.
The scientific name for serotonin is 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT. It is mainly found in the brain, bowels, and blood platelets.
Serotonin is used to transmit messages between nerve cells, it is thought to be active in constricting smooth muscles, and it contributes to wellbeing and happiness, among other things. As the precursor for melatonin, it helps regulate the body’s sleep-wake cycles and the internal clock.
It is thought to play a role in appetite, the emotions, and motor, cognitive, and autonomic functions. However, it is not known exactly if serotonin affects these directly, or if it has an overall role in co-ordinating the nervous system.
A power point presentation on thyroid hormones and thyroid inhibitors on subject of pharmacology suitable for reading by undergraduate medical students.
5-Hydroxytryptamine & it’s Antagonist is a Topic in Pharmacology which will defiantly Help You in pharmacy field All information is related to pharmacology drug acting and it's effect on body. it is collage project given by our department i would like to share with you.
Summary of thyroid and antithyroid drugs
-Introduction
-Synthesis
-Pharmacological Action
-Mechanism of action
-Drugs in Hypothyroidism
-Thyroid Inhibitors
-Drugs in Hyperthyroidism
Expt. 6 Bioassay of histamine using guinea pig ileum by matching methodVISHALJADHAV100
Objective
Principle
Requirements
Experimental specifications (conditions)
Preparation of histamine standard solution
Preparation of Tyrode solution (PSS)
Procedure
Kymograph recording of contractions
Observation table
Calculation
Result and interpretation
Detailed information of all terms like Thyroid gland, Thyroxine, Triidothyronine, Calcitonine, growth and development , propylthiouracil, Calorigenesis, tadpole to frog, Oligomenorrhoea, snehal chakorkar, pharmacology, Cretinism, Myxoedema coma, Graves disease, Thiocynates, Perchlorate, Nitrates.
Radioactive iodine, I131
A condition in which the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood
to meet the metabolic demand of the body and also unable to receive it back because every time after a systole.
Introduction.
Classification .
Drugs used in Coagulant and Anticoagulant Agents
Mechanism of action .
Structure
Synthesis
Adverse Drug Reactions .
Uses.
Reference
Seretonin (5HT) and Its Antagonists PharmacologyPranatiChavan
Serotonin is a chemical that has a wide variety of functions in the human body. It is sometimes called the happy chemical, because it contributes to wellbeing and happiness.
The scientific name for serotonin is 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT. It is mainly found in the brain, bowels, and blood platelets.
Serotonin is used to transmit messages between nerve cells, it is thought to be active in constricting smooth muscles, and it contributes to wellbeing and happiness, among other things. As the precursor for melatonin, it helps regulate the body’s sleep-wake cycles and the internal clock.
It is thought to play a role in appetite, the emotions, and motor, cognitive, and autonomic functions. However, it is not known exactly if serotonin affects these directly, or if it has an overall role in co-ordinating the nervous system.
A power point presentation on thyroid hormones and thyroid inhibitors on subject of pharmacology suitable for reading by undergraduate medical students.
5-Hydroxytryptamine & it’s Antagonist is a Topic in Pharmacology which will defiantly Help You in pharmacy field All information is related to pharmacology drug acting and it's effect on body. it is collage project given by our department i would like to share with you.
Summary of thyroid and antithyroid drugs
-Introduction
-Synthesis
-Pharmacological Action
-Mechanism of action
-Drugs in Hypothyroidism
-Thyroid Inhibitors
-Drugs in Hyperthyroidism
The content of presentation is as follows
- introduction to thyroid
- thyroid hormone synthesis
- type of thyroidism
- difference between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism
-treatment of hypothyroidism
- anti thyroid drug classification
- mechanism of anti thyroid drugs
-
Thyroid Hormone Disorders lecture :-
-Thyroid gland & Thyroid hormones.
-How does Thyroid hormone is formed ?
-Regulation of secretion.
-Hypothyroidism.
-Treatment of hypothyroidism .
-Administration of Levothyroxin.
-Levothyroxin interactions.
-Levothyroxin cautions.
-Hyperthyroidism .
-Symptoms & treatment of Hyperthyroidism.
-Removal of part or all of the thyroid.
-Blockade of hormone release .
-Inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis.
-Mechanism of action of antithyroid.
-Administration of antithyroid drugs.
-Antithyroid drugs interactions.
-Antithyroid drugs cautions.
-General notes.
-Practical notes on levothyroxin.
-Practical notes on antithroid drugs.
-Rapid review.
-Test yourself.
Hello there!
This is Jayhind Bharti from M-Pharmacy 1st year pharmacology,
the above uploaded ppt is on the topic anti-thyroid drug from "advance pharmacology - 2" of m pharm 2nd semister
initially i have discussed about the basics of thyroid gland, its synthesis procedure, what are its pharmacological action and all
further our main topic starts in which i have listed the class of drug which are used to treat hyper- thyroidism with their examples and have explained the moa of each class wit their possible adverse effect, side effect, advantages and disadvantages
lastly i have added some recent advancements in the field of anti- thyroid drug
The small intestine and colon are parts of your digestive tract, which processes the foods you eat.
The intestines take nutrients from the foods. What isn't absorbed by the intestines continues along the digestive tract and is passed as stool during a bowel movement.
Intestinal obstruction is a blockage that keeps food or liquid from passing through your small intestine or large intestine (colon).
Causes of intestinal obstruction may include fibrous bands of tissue (adhesions) in the abdomen that form after surgery; hernias; colon cancer; certain medications; or strictures from an inflamed intestine caused by certain conditions, such as Crohn's disease or diverticulitis.
Without treatment, the blocked parts of the intestine can die, leading to serious problems. However, with prompt medical care, intestinal obstruction often can be successfully treated.
the presentation includes a definition of oral contraceptives, type of oral contraceptives, detail description of both types with its mode of action and potential beneficial and unwanted effects also include pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptives and knowledge of emergency contraceptives
the presentation give complete explanantion on OECD guideline 403 of acute toxicity study for inhalation and the test subject used in the studies. the presentation give complete explanation of the guideline 403 and also describe the observation result and data reporting of the guideline
the presentation is based on OECD guideline of chemical test on acute eye irritation guideline 403, it also give knowledge about why the guideline was updated and analgesic and anesthetic uses on the albino rabbit eye so to overcome the animal distress, and pain. the presentation explain the full guideline in detail
the presentation include the different type of mechanism used by cancer cells to protect them from anticancer agents lead to produce resistance. the slide include definition of cancer as per WHO, type of tumors, treatment of cancer, goal of treatment, problem associated with chemotherapeutic agents, need of studing mechanisms of resistance for anticancer agents, resistance, different mechanism of drug resistance, epigenetics, drug efflux, drug inactivation, DNA damage repair, drug target alteration and cell death inhibitiond
The above presentation consist of the definition of microarray, brief history, general principle of the same, the type of scanner that are used to read or to scan the microarray , type of DNA microarray and finally its various apliccation including the role of DNA microaarray in drug discovery.
the slideshare is been made to get knowledge about flow cytometry it's introduction, working, construction mainly components used in the flow cytometry and its application to use
This power point presentation include the definition of the peptic ulcer, formation of peptic ulcer, regulation of gastric acid secreation, sign and symptomes, etiology of chronic ulceration, acid- pepsin vs mucosal resistance, gastric hyper secreation, disease complication, infection and obstruction, different factors related to acid secreation, classification of drugs used in peptic ulcer animal models in experimental peptic ulcer in both in-vivo and in- vitro
This ppt gives information about the introduction to asthma disease its causes, pathophysiology and classification of antiasthmetic drugs with its stucture , the ppt is made for basic knowledge of antiasthemetic drugs on medicinal chemistry point of veiw for B. pharmacy students.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
2. Thyroid gland – Wharton in 1656
Physiological significance was recognized by Graves
and Basedow.
Isolation and Crystallisation of Thyroxine(T4) –
Kendall in 1915.
Antithyroid drugs were developed as derivatives of
Thiourea which was disovered to cause goiter in rats.
3. Thiourea was the 1st drug used in man,followed by
Thiouracil – Introduced by Astwood in 1951.
T3 --- detected ,isolated,and synthesized by Gross and
PittRivers in 1952.
4. It is due to excessive secretion of thyroid hormones.
The two main cause are
1. Graves’ disease
2. Toxic nodular goiter
5. An autoimmune disorder;
Here, the IgG get bind to TSH receptor and mimic TSH
and secrete the hormones,
This lead to increase the thyroid level in the patients
Due to feed back effect the TSH level get low which
cause swelling of periorbital tissue.
6. It produce thyroid hormone dependent of TSH, mostly
occure to nontoxic goiter
Occular changes are generally absent.
10. Three general categories into which most of the agents
can be assigned:
Thioureylenes include all the compounds currently
used clinically
Aniline derivatives, of which the sulfonamides make
up the largest number, embrace a few substances that
have been found to inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis
Polyhydric phenols, such as resorcinol, which have
caused goiter in humans when applied to abraded skin.
11. Inhibit hormone synthesis by inhibiting peroxidase.
Propylthiouracil also inhibits peripheral de-iodination
of T4 and T3.
Methimazole is more potent and longer acting than
propylthiouracil.
Slow in onset ~ 4 weeks.
Thiocarbamide group – essential for anti thyroid
activity
12. Well absorbed orally, widely distributed
highly plasma protein bound
t1/2 = 1 – 10hrs
Partly metabolized in the liver and the thyroid gland ;
Carbimazole is converted to its active metabolite,
Methimazole.
Cross placental barrier and are secreted in breast milk
excreted in the urine unchanged
13. Common adverse effects includes maculopapular rash,
GI side effects, arthralgia.
Hypothyroidism
Rare – exfoliative dermatitis, vasculitis ,lupus-like
reaction…
Severe hepatitis – seen with propylthiouracil
Agranulocytosis ( reversible) – dangerous complication
14. USES:
1) Non-operative therapy of hyperthyroidism.
2) Preoperative therapy of hyperthyroidism: combined
with iodide.
3) Thyrotoxic crisis: combined with propanalol,larger
dose of iodide…
15.
16. Iodine – oldest and fastest acing agent. - paradoxical
effect on thyroid gland.
Iodides blocks the organification and release, through
inhibition of proteolysis.
It decrease the size and vascularity – used before
surgery.
Jod-Basedow phenomenon in susceptible individuals
It is an ideal agent for the treatment of severe
thyrotoxicosis and preoperatively.
17. 1) Preoperative therapy of hyperthyroidism: combined
with thiourea derivatives
2) Thyrotoxic crisis: combined with thiourea
derivatives(PTU)
3) Prophylaxis of endemic goiter.
18. 1) Acute effects:
hypersensitivity to iodine. Manifestations are
swelling of lips, eyelids, angioedema of larynx, fever,
joint pain, petechial hemorrhages.
19. 2) Chronic intoxication (iodism)
Others – salivary gland inflammation and acne.
Long term use of high doses – Hypothyroidsm and
goiter
Chronic use in pregnancy avoided – fetal/infantile
goiter
20.
21. I-131 is the only isotope used in treatment of
thyrotoxicosis while others are used in diagnosis.
Administered as sodium salts of I–131 orally.
t1/2 – 8 days
Therapeutic effect depends on emission of beta rays –
destroys the thyroid gland.
22. Most common indication – hyperthyroidism due to
Grave’s disease and Toxic Nodular Goiter.
Indicated in elderly patients, allergy to thioamides,
recurrent hyperthyroidism and in patients with systemic
diseases contraindicating surgery.
Average therapeutic dose- 3-6m curie
23. Simple,inexpensive
No surgical risk ,scar or injury to parathyroids and
nerves
Contol of hyperthyroidism is permanent
24. Focal soreness in the neck
Hypothyroidism
Damage to fetal thyroid
Thyroid carcinoma,Leukemia..
Radiation induced genetic damage
25.
26. Monovalent ions like perchlorate, pertechnetate,
thiocyanate ,nitrates inhibit the iodide trapping by the
thyroid gland.
Anion inhibitors are uncommon in use because of
serious toxicity.
These are effective in iodine induced hyperthyroidism
27.
28. Lithium is known to inhibit synthesis and release of
thyroid hormones.
Amiodarone – inhibits peripheral conversion of T4
toT3.
Antiepileptic drugs /Rifampicin – enhance hormone
metabolism.
Sulphonamides, PAS – inhibits iodination and coupling
reaction.
29.
30. Occurs in about 0.2 – 0.4% of all pregnancies
Due to Grave’s Disease (common), Toxic nodules,
Thyroiditis…
RISK –
Fetal and Neonatal Hyperthyroidism
The drug mainly used is Methimazole due to its lower
hepatotoxic potential.