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2. TISSUE - a group of similar cells that function
together to perform a specialized activity
There are four kinds of tissues:
1. Epithelial tissue = covers body surfaces; lines body cavities,
hollow organs (protection), and ducts; and forms glands
(secretion).
2. Connective tissue = supports the body and binds its organs;
binds organs together, stores energy reserves as fat, and
provides immunity.
3. Muscular tissue = for contraction (movement)
4. Nervous tissue = initiates and transmits nerve impulses that
coordinate body activities.

3. MUSCLE TISSUE
General Features:
● Function: facilitates movement of the animal
by contraction of individual muscle cells
(referred to as muscle fibers)
● has sarcomere as its functional unit
● each sarcomere having thick and thin filaments

4. Types of Muscle Tissue
(1) Skeletal muscle
– attached to the skeleton
– striated
– voluntary

5. (2) Cardiac muscle
– found in the heart
– striated
– involuntary
– contains intercalated discs for quick conduction
of nerve impulses through the cardiac muscle
tissue during muscle contraction

6. (3) Smooth (visceral) muscle
– found in a variety of locations such as the digestive
tract, the reproductive tract, the ureters, and around
some blood vessels
– involuntary & autonomic movements

7. NERVOUS TISSUE
General Features:
• Function: integration of stimulus and control of
response to that stimulus.
• Nerve cells are called neurons. Each neuron has a
cell body, an axon, and many dendrites.
• Nervous tissue consists of two kinds of cells:
neurons and neuroglia
• Neurons conduct nerve impulses, while the different
kinds of neuroglial cells nourish and support the
neurons.

8. Organization of a neuron

9. • The different kinds of neuroglial cells nourish and
support the neurons. There are several types of glial
cells present in the nervous system of humans:
• Astrocytes. Found in the brain's capillaries and form
the blood-brain barrier that restricts what substances can
enter the brain.
• Microglia are extremely small cells of the central
nervous system that remove cellular waste and protect
against microorganisms.
• Oligodendrocytes are central nervous system
structures that wrap some neuronal axons to form an
insulating coat known as the myelin sheath.

10. Ependymal cells – neuroglial cells that cover choroid
plexuses and produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); they
also line ventricles of the brain