Tissue is a group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit. A nonliving material, called the intercellular matrix, fills the spaces between the cells.

1. TISSUE
PRESENTED BY: JAGRUTI MARATHE

2. TISSUES
FRENCH WORD “TO WEAVE”
Definition :
Tissue is a group of cells that have
similar structure and that function
together as a unit. A nonliving material,
called the intercellular matrix, fills the
spaces between the cells.

3. Size,Shape,Function,and their
,Constitute cell .
3
Classification
Tissue
Epithelia Connective Muscle Nervous

4. Epithelial tissue:
Covering on all internal and
external surface of your body,
lines body cavities all hollow
organ and is the major tissue
in glands
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5. Epithelialtissue:
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Epithelial tissue has a variety of the functions depending on where its located in body, including ,protection, secretion
and absorption.
Epithelial tissue is made up of epithelial cells.
The cells can be different in the shape and size and be arranged in a single and multiple layers depending on where
they are in body and function they have.

6. Epithelial
cell
Squamous
epithelial
Cuboidal
epithelial
Columnar
epithelial

7. Epithelial cell
Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified

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Simple
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Stratified
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Pseudo
Stratified
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

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Protection Excretion
Absorption Filtration
Secretion Diffusion
Sensory
reception
Functions:

10. Connective
tissue :
The tearm “connective tissue”
(In german, Bindegewebe) was
introduced in 1830 by
Johannes Peter Muller.
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11. Connective
tissue :
Tissue that supports, protects,
and gives structure to other
tissue and organ in the body.
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12. Connectivetissue:
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The common cell type in connective tissue include: fibroblast, mast cell , plasma cells , macrophages, adipocytes and
leukocytes.
Fibro blast are the most common cell type of connective tissue . They produce both fibres and amorphous ground
substance.
Specialize connective tissues include a number of different tissues with specialized cells and unique ground substance.
Some of these are solid and strong, while others are fluid and flexible. Example include adipose, cartilage, bone, blood
and lymph.

13. Connective
tissue
Proper
connective
tissue
Loose Dense
Supportive
connective
tissue
Bone Cartilage
Fluid
connective
tissue

14. Tissue Purpose Components Location
Collagen
fibres
Bind bones and
other tissues to
each other
Alpha
polypeptide
chains
Tendon ,ligament ,
skin, Cornea,
cartilage , bone,
blood vessels, gut
and intervertebral
Elastic
fibres
Allow organs
like arteries and
lungs to recoil
Elastic microfibril
and elastin
Extracellular matrix
Reticular
fibres
Form a
scaffolding for
other cells
Type 3 collage Liver, bone marrow,
and lymphatic
organs

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Functions:
• Connects tissues to one another—Tendons and
ligaments
Binding structure
• Bones
Provide support and movement
• Bones , cells of the immune system
Protection
• Blood
Transportation
• Fat
Storage
• Fat
Insulation

16. MUSCLETISSUE
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17. • Muscle tissue is composed of cell that
have the special ability to shorten or
contraction in order to produce
movement of the body parts.
• The tissue is highly cellular and is well
supplied with blood vessels.
• The cells are long and slender so they are
sometimes called muscle fibres, and these
are usually arranged in bundles or layers
that are surrounded by connective tissue.
• Actin and myosin are contractile protein in
muscle tissue.

18. Muscle
tissue
Skeleton
Loose Dense
Smooth
Bone Cartilage
Cardiac

20. • Skeletal muscles attach to and move bones
by contracting and relaxing in response to
voluntary messages from the nervous
system.
• Skeletal muscle tissue is composed of long
cells called muscle fibers that have a striated
appearance.
• Muscle fibers are organized into bundles
supplied by blood vessels and innervated by
motor neurons.

21. • Smooth muscle is found in the walls of
hollow organs throughout the body.
• Smooth muscle contractions are involuntary
movements triggered by impulses that travel
through the autonomic nervous system to
the smooth muscle tissue.
• The arrangement of cells within smooth
muscle tissue allows for contraction and
relaxation with great elasticity.

22. • The smooth muscle in the walls of organs
like the urinary bladder and the uterus allow
those organs to expand and relax as needed.
• The smooth muscle of the alimentary canal
(the digestive tract) facilitates the peristaltic
waves that move swallowed food and
nutrients.
• In the eye smooth muscle changes the shape
of the lens to bring objects into focus.
• Artery walls include smooth muscle that
relaxes and contracts to move blood through
the body

23. • The heart wall is composed of three layers. The middle layer,
the myocardium, is responsible for the heart’s pumping
action.
• Cardiac muscle, found only in the myocardium, contracts in
response to signals from the cardiac conduction system to
make the heart beat.
• Cardiac muscle is made from cells called cardiocytes. Like
skeletal muscle cells cardiocytes have a striated appearance,
but their overall structure is shorter and thicker.
• Cardiocytes are branched, allowing them to connect with
several other cardiocytes, forming a network that facilitates
coordinated contraction.

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Functions:
• Skeletal muscles pull on the bones causing movements at the joints.
Movement
• Muscles of the body wall support the internal organs
Provide support
• Skeletal muscles, particularly of the body wall, cushion the body's
internal organs (abdominal cavity) from force applied to the exterior of
the body.
Protection
• Heat is a waste product of muscle metabolism, which helps maintain
an internal body temperature of 98.6 F.
Heat generation
• Cardiac muscles aid pumping action of the heart by aiding blood
circulation.
Blood circulation

25. NEVERSTISSUE
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Nervous tissue is the main component of the
nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal
cord, and nerves.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

26. NEVERSTISSUE
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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Neurons
Neuroglia

27. •Nervous tissue is one of four major classes of
tissues and makes up the central nervous system
and the peripheral nervous system.
•Integration and communication are the two major
functions of nervous tissue.
•Nervous tissue contains two categories of cells —
neurons and neuroglia.
•Neurons are highly specialized nerve cells that
generate and conduct nerve impulses.
•Neuroglia are supporting cells that provide physical
sport, remove debris, and provide electrical
insulation.

28. Nervous Tissue
The nervous system is responsible for the control of the
body and the communication among its parts. Nervous
tissue contains two categories of cells—neurons and
neuroglia.
Neurons
Neurons are highly specialized nerve cells that generate and
conduct nerve impulses. A typical neuron consists of
dendrites, the cell body, and an axon.

29. Dendrites
Dendrites are responsible for responding to stimuli; they
receive incoming signals towards the cell body. The
axons are responsible for transmitting impulses over
long distances from cell body. The cell body is like a
factory for the neuron. It produces all the proteins and
contains specialized organelles such as nucleus, granules
and Nissl bodies.
Dendrite
The axon is surrounded by a whitish, fatty layer called
the myelin sheath. Outside the myelin sheath there is a
cellular layer called the neurilemma.

30. Schwann Cells
In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells are
neuroglia cells that support neuronal function by
increasing the speed of impulse propagation. The
Schwann cells are underlain by the medullary
sheath. The medullary sheath is interrupted at
intervals by the nodes of Ranvier.

31. Types of Nervous Tissue
The nervous system consists of nervous tissue, which is
composed of two principal types of cells called neuron and
neuroglia.
•Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and supporting cells
called neuroglia, or ” glial cells.”
•There are six types of neuroglia. Four are found in the central
nervous system, while two are found in the peripheral nervous
system.
•The four types of neuroglia found in the central nervous system
are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and
oligodendrocytes.

32. •The two types of neuroglia found in the peripheral nervous
system are satellite cells and Schwann cells.
•Neurons are the other the other type of cell that comprise
nervous tissue.
•Neurons have cell bodies, dendrites, and axons.

33. Astrocytes
Astrocytes are shaped like a star and are the most abundant glial
cell in the CNS. They have many radiating processes which help
in clinging to the neurons and capillaries. They support and
brace the neurons and anchor them to the nutrient supply lines.
They also help in the guiding the migration of young neurons.
Astrocytes control the chemical environment around the
neurons.
Microglial Cells
Microglial cells are small and ovoid un shape with thorny
processes. They are found in the CNS. When invading
microorganism or dead neurons are present, the microglial cells
can transform into a phagocytic macrophage and help in
cleaning the neuronal debris.

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Ependymal Cells
Ependymal cells are ciliated and line the central cavities of the brain
and spinal cord where they form a fairly permeable barrier between
the cerebrospinal fluid that fills these cavities and the tissue cells of
the CNS.
Oligodendrocytes
Oligodendrocytes line up along the nerves and produce an
insulating cover called myelin sheath. They are found in the CNS.
Satellite Cells
Satellite cells surround neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous
system (PNS). They are analogous to the astrocytes in the CNS.
Schwann Cells
Schwann cells surround all nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous
system and form myelin sheaths around the nerve fibers. They are
found in the PNS. Their function is similar to oligodendrocytes.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

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Neurons
Neurons consist of cell body and one or more slender processes.
The neuronal cell body consists of a nucleus and rough endoplasmic
reticulum or Nissl Bodies. The cell body is the major biosynthetic
center of a neuron and contains the usual organelles for the
synthesis of proteins and other chemicals. Arm like processes
extend from the cell body to all neurons.
The two types of neuron processes are called dendrites and axons.
Dendrites are motor neurons that are short and have a large surface
area for receiving signals from other neurons. Dendrites convey
incoming messages towards the cell body and are therefore called
the receptive input region. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

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The axon arises from the cone shaped portion of the cell body
called the axon hillock. Functionally, the axon is the conducting
region of the neuron and is responsible for generating and
transmitting impulses typically away from the cell body. A single
axon routes the nerve impulse from the cell body to another neuron
or an effector organ. The axon can have many terminal branches, so
each time the nerve fires, it can stimulate more than one cell.